Abstract: ［Abstract］Objective　To explore occurrence factor and therapy of ocular hypertension after vitrectomy with silicon oil plumbage．Method　A number of 82 eyes with intraolular pressure over 30mmHg were controlled by medicine or operation after vitrectomy with silicon oil plumbage．Results　Ocular hypertension of 64 eyes had been controlled by single or associated drug treatment．Ocular hypertension of 2 eyes had been controlled by releasing few silicon oil．Ocular hypertension of 2 crystal eyes had been controlled by cleaning up silicom oil in anterionr chamber. Ocular hypertension of 6 eyes which retina was resetted had been controlled by silicon oil removal. Two aphakia peripheral iridectomy hole closed by laser to punch the intraoclular pressure control．Four eyes underwent anti-glaucoma filtering operation，where in the one eye cataract extraction．Conclusions　Elevated intraocular pressure is the common complication after vitrectomy with silicom oil plumbage，its mechanism may be related to postoperative ciliary body edema and acute inflammatory reaction，and also related to primary diseas type，severity and the type of joint operation．The drug or operation can efftively control the ocular hypertension after vitrectomy with silicon oil plumbage.