Abstract: Objective To evaluate the clinical indication, research value and surgical techniques of retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureter lithotomy for ureteral calculi. Methods Clinical data of 98 cases were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients underwent RLU, KWB, IVP, CTU or MRU examination and diagnosed with ureteral calculi, with 42 cases of upper ureteral calculi, 35 cases of middle ureteral calculi, and 21 cases of low ureteral calculi. Laparoscopic ureter lithotomy was performed on all the patients. Results All the 98 cases underwent laparoscopic ureter lithotomy(RLU) successfully, with the sizes of stones ranging from 1.5 to 3.0cm,the mean operative time 60 minutes(from 45 to 100 minutes), and mean blood loss 30 m L(from 20 to 60ml).Complication had not been observed in 85 cases for 3-38 months follow-up. Conclusions The treatment of ureteral calculi with lapa-endo-scopic ureter lithotomy shows its unique superiority on the basis of skilled operative technology. Lapa-endo-scopic ureter lithotomy can be a preferred method to be performed or be a compensation method in some cases.