Abstract: ［Abstract］Objective　To analyze the expression of Glioma CD133 and ABCG2 with the treatment of X-ray radiation combined with chemotherapy，and to provide a reference for clinical treatment. Methods　Sixty-four patients with gliomas in hospital from January 2013 to February 2015 were selected， and divided into High-level group（39 cases）and the low-level group（25 cases）according to the grade of gliomas. Patients in two groups were given treatment of X-ray radiation combined and chemotherapy，the expression changes of Glioma stem cell marker ADCGG and CD133 before and after intervention were ompared between the two groups. Results CD133 expression （89.7%）and ABCG2 expression（92.3%）of High-level group were significantly lower than CD133 expression group（68.0%）and ABCG2 expression（81.8%） of low-level group before intervention（P＜0.05）. High-level group and the low level of CD133 and ABCG2 expression group were significantly decreased（P＜0.05）. CD133 expression（56.4%）and ABCG2 expression（56.4%）of High-level group were significantly lower than CD133 expression group（20.0%） and ABCG2 expression （24.0%） of low-level group after intervention（P＜0.05）. After the intervention，CD133（r = -0.782） and ABCG2 （r = -0.652） expression and cell deterioration degree had negative correlation（P＜0.05）．Conclusion　There are some differences in the expression of CD133 and ABCG2 in glioma cells， and the expression of CD133 and ABCG2 could be improved by the combination of X-ray and radiation.