Objective To investigate the distribution of MCP-1 -2518 gene A/G polymorphism in a Yi nationality population of Yunnan province，and to found the basis of pathogenesis about many diseases associated with it.Methods We recruited 310 healthy subjects of Yi nationality in rural area of Jinning，Yunnan province. The MCP-1 -2518 gene A/G polymorphism was determined by PCR-RFLP technique. Frequencies for the AA，GA，GG genotypes and allele frequencies for the A，G alleles were calculated．Results In healthy people of Yunnan province，frequencies for the AA，GA and GG gene types were 20.0%，49.7%and 30.3%．Derived allele frequencies for the A and G allele were 44.8% and 55.2%．Compared with the data from other countries， the distribution of MCP-1-2518 gene A/G genotypes and the allele frequencies in Yunnan Yi people differed significantly from that in Pole， Indian， Korean， Japanese， Brazilian， European，American，Turkish，German and Greek（P＜0.05），while did not differ significantly from that in Han Chinese， Taiwan residents and people in Hong Kong （P＞0.05）. Conclusion The frequency of genotype or the allele of MCP-1 -2518 A/G polymorphism is different significantly in different ethnic populations and national populations.