Abstract: ［Abstract］Objective　To observe the clinical effects of VATS treatment for primary non-small cell lung cance. Methods We randomly selected 180 primary non-small cell lung cancer patients from October 2012 to May 2014 in our hospital in this study. According to the random number table method，patients were divided into observation group and control group, the observation group was treated with surgery VATS approach，the control group was treated with conventional thoracotomy. Then we compared the operation time，intraoperative blood loss，postoperative pethidine amount of postoperative chest drainage than 10 mL days，length of stay，hospital costs between the two groups. Results　The operation time in the observation group was slightly longer than patients in the control group（P＞0.05）；the hospitalization costs were slightly higher than the control group（P＜0.05）. The experimental group patients' Dezocine use amount, the days of postoperative chest drainage than 50ml, hospitalization time were lower than the control group（P＜0.05）. There was no significant difference in the number of lymph node dissection in patients between the two groups（P＞0.05）. Conclusions　VATS treatment of primary non-small cell lung cancer has small wounds, faster recovery, shorter hospital stay, and can be used as a reliable and effective method for the treatment of primary non-small cell lung cancer, and should be popularized.