Abstract: ［Abstract］Objective To study the characteristics of stone constituents in Yi nationality patients in Yunnan province，and provide assistance in prevention and treatment of urinary stones in this area. Methods Infrared spectrophotometry was carried out for biochemical composition analysis of 205 samples of urinary stones，and the chemical composition of urinary stones were analyzed with the clinical data．Results　The incidence of upper urinary tract stones was 90.7％， and the incidence of lower urinary tract stones was 9.3％. Pure stones were found in 51.2% of all stones and the mixed stones were 48.8 %. Calcium oxalate stones（43.4%）and calcium oxalate + carbonate apatite stones（31.2%） were repectively the most common stones in pure and mixed stones. The component of urinary stones was different in terms of gender. The detection rate of calcium oxalate was higher in male than female. Inversely，the detection rate of carbonate apatite and magnesium ammonium phosphate was lower in male than female．Conclusions　In urinary stone patients of Yi nationality in Yunnan province， the incidence of upper urinary tract stones is higher than lower urinary tract stones. Calcium oxalate stones are the most common stones， and the gender has a effect on the component of urinary stones.