Abstract: ［Abstract］Human rotavirus has been discovered since the early 1970s，which is still a primary pathogen causing infant diarrhea under the age of five. Each year about 600，000 infant died of severe body dehydration caused by rotavirus infection. Since the current rotavirus diarrhea have no specific therapeutic drugs，using vaccine to prevent rotavirus infection is an effective method. Research on a vaccine often involved in a multidisciplinary theory and technology. This article reviewed the epidemic situation of rotavirus，animal model，the body's immune response after infection， developing and using vaccine and other related issues.