Abstract: ［Abstract］Objective　To research the risk factors of youth carotid artery thrombosis， to provide some basis for its clinical prevention and treatment. Methods Twenty-three patients of youth carotid artery thrombosis （experimental group），40 patients without youth carotid artery thrombosis （control group） were selected， and we collected the data including age，sex，body mass index， smoking， drinking history， hypertension， neck trauma，C reactive protein， total cholesterol， triglyceride， LDL-C， HDL-C， uric acid， syphilis antibody， HIV antibody， then we did statistical analysis. Results The basic situation of the two groups: there were statistical differences in sex and BMI（P＜0.05）; past medical history and personal history of patients in two groups: diabetes，high blood pressure， smoking， drinking， history of neck injury， syphilis antibody had statistical differences（P＜0.05）；biochemical indicators of two groups of patients: there were statistical differences in HDL and uric acid（P＜0.05）；multi factor analysis: risk factors were hypertension （0R=6.43）， smoking （OR=4.63） and neck injury history（OR=3.13）. Conclusions　The risk factors of youth carotid artery thrombosis are hypertension，smoking，neck injury history， the prevention and cure of hypertension， smoking and neck injury should be strengthened，so as to reduce the incidence of carotid artery thrombosis.