Abstract: ［Abstract］Objective　To study the clinical efficacy of autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for the treatment myocardial infarction，in the same period of coronary artery bypass grafting（CABG）. Methods From January 2012 to January 2015， 76 patients with myocardial infarction were selected. Patients were divided into transplantation group（n＝46） and control group（n＝30） on the basis of whether being treated by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. After myocardial infarction patients were taken to the hospital with the therapy of conventional drug，5 days before CABG， transplantation group was given the autologous peripheral blood stem cell mobilization and expansion， 24 hours before CABG， taking autologous peripheral blood stem cell collection. 76 patients took CABG with non-cardiopulmonary by pass，transplantation group was given autologous peripheral blood stem cell via transplantation vessels and subepicardial，while the control group was not given the injection of autologous peripheral blood stem cell. The LV morphology，wall motion score index（WMSI） and index of cardiac function before and after the operation in both groups were evaluated by echocardiography. Results Six months after CABG， there was a significant decrease in Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and wall motion score index， Left ventricular ejection fraction was increased. The indexes of cardiac function in the transplantation group were better than the control group. Conclusion Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for the treatment myocardial infarction can improve the heart function， and has obvious recent clinical curative effect in the same period of CABG.