Abstract: ［Abstract］Objective To provide useful information on reducing risky drinking for the Dept. of Public Health taking a county in Yunnan province as an example to explore the risk factors related to risky drinking. Methods A total of 574 participants identified as Miao，Yi and Han People at or older than 12 years old，who had been living there for 6 months or more were selected and surveyed in 5 townships in the county through stratified sampling. Alcohol consumption was collected using the beverage-specific quantity frequency (BSQF) method and analyzed using binary logistic regression and chi-square test. Results The number of drinkers in the family, undesirable drinking environment among friends and enculturation (β＝0.073) could increase the likelihood of risky drinking. Risky drinking pattern was positively associated with age (β＝1.006), and negatively associated with gender (β＝-2.947) and awareness of risky drinking among rural residents. Conclusion The important measures to control risky drinking behavior in terms of health promotion and education include reducing the number of drinkers in the family, and preventing from undesirable drinking environment among friends and harmful drinking culture. These measures are crucial to prevent early onset of alcohol drinking among teenagers and to reduce risky drinking among middle aged and aged population.