Abstract: ［Abstract］Objective　To observe the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions between pemetrexed plus cisplatin and paclitaxel plus cisplatin in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer（NSCLC）. Methods Forty-two cases with non-small cell lung cancer in our hospital from June 2013 to June 2015 were selected. Patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 21 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with pemetrexed plus cisplatin and the control group was treated with paclitaxel plus cisplatin. The clinical efficacy and adverse reactions were observed after two courses （21 days of a course） and the statistical analysis was performed. Results　In the observation group and control group， response rate and clinical benefit rate were 33.33%（7/21），28.57%（6/21）and 76.19%（16/21）， 71.43%（15/21） respectively. No statistical significance were seen between the two groups （P＞0.05）.The rate of hair loss （23.81%）（5/21）and the total number of adverse reactions（18.37%）（27/147）in the observation group were significantly lower than the rate of hair loss （47.62%）（10/21）and the total number of adverse reactions（25.17%）（37/147）in the control group（P＜0.05）. No statistical significance was found in the incidence rate of leukopenia，neutropenia， erythropenia，thrombocytopenia，nausea and vomiting and phlebitis between the two groups（P＞0.05）. Conclusion　Pemetrexed plus cisplatin is as effective as paclitaxel plus cisplatin in the treatment of advanced NSCLC with less adverse reactions and is much safer than paclitaxel plus cisplatin. Pemetrexed plus cisplatin is more valuable in the clinical treatment of advanced NSCLC.