Abstract: ［Abstract］Objective　To investigate the ability of dental service in Yunnan province by analyzing the distribution of oral medical institutions， the distribution of oraloral medical staffs， the per capita outpatient costs， and the rate of visiting the doctor. Methods A general survey on oral medical institutions was finished by using questionnaires．Results　There were 1045 dental institutions，416 of them were public dental institutions. 305 were in Kunming. 305 dental institutions were in Kunming，the number of dental institutions per square kilometer was 14.2， the dental manpower index was15，the rate of visiting the doctor was 14.19%， per capita outpatient costs were 139.9 Yuan， and the above indexes were ranked first in Kunming．Conclusions　In Yunnan province， oral health resources distribution were imbalanced. Dental service ability was uneven， perfect oral disease diagnosis and treatment quality control systems needs to be established，including cultivating specialized nurses relieve the tense situation of oral health care resources，and implenting the four hand operation，so as to effectively improve the quality of medical services.