昆明市骨质疏松症流行病学调查
Epidemiological Investigation of Osteoporosis in Kunming
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摘要: 目的 了解在昆明医科大学附属延安医院就诊的昆明地区人群中骨密度的变化规律及骨质疏松患病情况,建立符合昆明市针对骨质疏松症的诊疗方案.方法 采用双能X线骨密度仪(DEXA),对2013年12月30日至2014年12月30日在昆明医科大学附属延安医院骨科及康复医学科的病历档案中筛选出来的744例患者,对其测量腰椎L2-4的骨密度值(g/cm2),计算出T值,并记录脂肪百分比(%).对入选患者进行问卷调查,参考国际骨质疏松症基金会(IOF)骨质疏松症一1 min测试.结果 (1)男性与女性骨密度峰值均在40~49岁年龄段.随着年龄增长,各年龄组骨密度降低程度与峰值骨密度,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);女性骨密度在50岁之后呈逐渐下降的趋势,各年龄组骨密度降低程度与峰值骨密度,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)男性骨质疏松(OP)总患病率为41.0%,女性总患病率为39.2%.按年龄分组,男女性患病率经直线相关分析,相关系数r分别为0.828和0.973,两者之间存在直线相关关系(P<0.05);(3)随着脂肪百分比(%)的增长,男性峰值组出现在40%~44%组,女性则出现在50%以上组.与峰值组比较,男性只有15%~19%组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而女性则在5%~9%、10%~14%、15%~19%、20%~24%这4个组中均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(4)男女骨质疏松1 min测试结果显示,男女的结果大致相似,男性中存在骨质疏松风险的百分比为51.7%,女性高于男性,为62.0%.而在阳性人群中患骨质疏松症(OP)的男性患病率为58.7%,女性患病率为60.4%,男女患病率之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 (1)昆明市骨质疏松症防治形势较为严峻;(2)加强对昆明市居民的骨质疏松症知识的宣传教育,提倡合理膳食、健康运动、早期筛查,尤其是对50岁以上女性高危人群;(3)为昆明市建立完善的骨质疏松症的诊断与预防方案提供客观有效的依据.Abstract: Objective To establish the diagnosis and prevention programs osteoporosis in line with the reality of Kunming, by learning the developing regularity of bone mineral density of patients in our hospital and the prevalence of osteoporosis in Kunming. Methods We tested the bone mineral density on lumbar vertebra with the application of DEXA among 744 patients screened by the medical files which in the department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation Medicine inpatient and outpatient on 30 th December, 2013 to 30 th December, 2014, and calculated value of T,recorded the fat percentage for each subject. Refer to the International Osteoporosis Foundation(IOF) Osteoporosis one minute test, made subjective evaluation to 744 patients.Results(1) Male and female peak bone mineral density were 30-34 years of age. With the age increasing, men had no significant changes in bone mineral density, bone mineral density decreased bone density,and the extent of the peak between different age groups(P > 0.05);Bone mineral density in women before the age of 50 changed little,then gradually declined over50, the degree of peak bone mineral density had significant difference between different age groups(P < 0.05).(2) The prevalence of osteoporosis(OP) in men and women was 41.0% and 39.2%, respectively.(3) With the fat percentage(%) increase in bone mineral density, there was a increasing trend in the peak bone mineral density.(4) Men and women with osteoporosis showed that one minute test, the results were similar for men and women,the percentage of the presence of the risk of osteoporosis in men was 51.7%, in women was 62.0%. In the positive population, the prevalence of osteoporosis(OP) was 58.7% and 60.4% in men and women, respectively.Conclusions(1) Kunming osteoporosis prevention and control situation is more serious.(2) We should strengthen publicity and education of osteoporosis knowledge in Kunming residents, advocate reasonable diet,healthy exercise, early screening, especially for high-risk groups aged over 50.(3) We should provide effective and objective basis for establishing perfect diagnosis and prevention programs of osteoporosis.
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Key words:
- Osteoporosis /
- Bone mineral density /
- Epidemiological investigation
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