Abstract: Objective To study the relationship between mental health status and food choice of the migrant school children.Methods Mental Health Diagnosis test (MHT) and the 2011 China Economic, Population, Nutrition and health survey questionnaire were used to investigate 348 students of grade 3-5 in a primary school, Kunming.Results 62.4% of investigated students had anxiety in study.And the mental health status of the migrant school children was statistically significant between different grades (P < 0.05) .The main mental health problems of grade 3 students were anxiety to study and phobic tendency, the main mental health problem of grade 4 students was loneliness tendency, the main mental health problems of grade 5 students were anxiety with other people, self accusation tendency, allergy tendency, physical symptoms and impulse tendency.The students with allergic propensity score greater than or equal to eight points preferred to drink beverage;the students with physical symptom score greater than or equal to eight points did not like to eat vegetables, but like drinking (P < 0.05) .Conclusions The main mental health problems of the migrant school children are study anxiety, self accusation tendency and other psychological health problems in a primary school in Kunming.The allergic tendency and physical symptoms have the effect with the food choice.