Serum sCD276 and HE4 Levels in Ovarian Cancer Patients and Their Correlation with Postoperative Recurrence
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摘要:
目的 探究分析卵巢癌患者血清可溶性CD276(soluble CD276,sCD276)、人附睾蛋白4 (humanEpididymisProtein4,HE4)水平及与患者术后复发的相关性。 方法 回顾性选取山东第二医科大学附属医院2022年2月至2023年4月诊治的卵巢癌患者52例作为研究组,另同期选取正常体检者50例为对照组,对比血清sCD276、HE4水平,确定血清sCD276、HE4水平与卵巢癌患者病理特征之间的相关性。术后对患者行1年随访,按随访过程中复发情况分为复发组12例,未复发组40例,对比两组血清sCD276、HE4水平,影响卵巢癌患者术后复发高危因素行Cox回归分析;绘制受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析sCD276、HE4对术后复发的预测价值;以Kaplan-Meier法行生存分析。 结果 与对照组相比,研究组血清sCD276、HE4水平升高;与未复发组相比,复发组血清sCD276、HE4水平升高,且组织分化程度、淋巴结转移、术后残余病灶直径、癌胚抗原(carcinoembryonic antigen,CEA)、调节性T淋巴细胞(regulatory T lymphocyte,Treg)比率、叶酸结合受体1(folate receptor1,FOLR1)、糖类抗原125(carbohydrate antigen 125,CA125)相比(P < 0.05)。行Cox回归分析显示,组织分化程度、淋巴结转移、术后残余病灶直径、CEA、Treg比率、FOLR1、sCD276、HE4均是影响卵巢癌术后复发的危险因素;ROC曲线分析显示,sCD276、HE4联合检测效能高于单项检测,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析显示,sCD276、HE4高水平死亡率高于低水平患者(P < 0.05)。 结论 血清sCD276、HE4水平在卵巢癌患者中升高,并与患者术后复发相关,可用于评估卵巢癌患者术后复发状况。 -
关键词:
- 卵巢癌 /
- 可溶性CD276 /
- 人附睾蛋白4 /
- 糖类抗原125 叶酸结合受体1
Abstract:Objective To investigate and analyze the correlation between serum soluble CD276 (sCD276) and human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) levels in ovarian cancer patients and postoperative recurrence. Methods A retrospective study enrolled 52 ovarian cancer patients treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University from February 2022 to April 2023 as the study group. Additionally, 50 normal healthy subjects examined during the same period were selected as the control group. Serum levels of sCD276 and HE4 were compared, and the correlation between serum sCD276 and HE4 levels and pathological characteristics of ovarian cancer patients was determined. Patients underwent one-year postoperative follow-up and were stratified into a recurrence group (n = 12) and non-recurrence group (n = 40) based on recurrence status during follow-up. Serum sCD276 and HE4 levels were compared between the two groups. Cox regression analysis was employed to identify high-risk factors for postoperative recurrence. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to analyze the predictive value of sCD276 and HE4 for postoperative recurrence. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed. Results Compared with the control group, serum sCD276 and HE4 levels were elevated in the study group. Compared with the non-recurrence group, the recurrence group showed elevated serum sCD276 and HE4 levels, as well as significant differences in tissue differentiation degree, lymph node metastasis, postoperative residual tumor diameter, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), regulatory T lymphocyte (Treg) ratio, folate receptor 1 (FOLR1), and carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125)(P < 0.05). Cox regression analysis identified tissue differentiation degree, lymph node metastasis, postoperative residual tumor diameter, CEA, Treg ratio, FOLR1, sCD276, and HE4 were all risk factors for postoperative recurrence in ovarian cancer. ROC curve analysis revealed that combined detection of sCD276 and HE4 had superior diagnostic efficacy compared with single-marker detection, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients with high levels of sCD276 and HE4 had higher mortality rates than those with low levels (P < 0.05). Conclusion Serum sCD276 and HE4 levels are elevated in ovarian cancer patients and are associated with postoperative recurrence, making them useful for assessing postoperative recurrence status in ovarian cancer patients. -
Key words:
- Ovarian cancer /
- Soluble CD276 /
- Human epididymal protein 4 /
- Recurre
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表 1 对比两组血清sCD276、HE4水平($ \bar x \pm s $)
Table 1. Comparison of serum sCD276 and HE4 levels in the two groups ($ \bar x \pm s $)
组别 n sCD276(pg/mL−1) HE4(pmol/L) 对照组 50 441.22 ± 8.05 58.30 ± 8.13 研究组 52 516.90 ± 10.20 255.52 ± 20.11 t 41.489 64.457 P <0.001* <0.001* *P < 0.05。 表 2 血清sCD276、HE4水平与卵巢癌患者病理特征的相关性
Table 2. Correlation between serum sCD276 and HE4 levels and pathological features of ovarian cancer patients
变量 例数(n) sCD276(pg/mL) t P HE4(pmol/L) t P 绝经后 是 29 519.39 ± 9.88 1.997 0.051 255.96 ± 21.44 0.165 0.870 否 23 513.90 ± 8.55 254.96 ± 22.08 术后残余病灶直径(cm) >1 7 557.10 ± 9.58 25.701 <0.001 329.93 ± 22.05 50.668 <0.001 ≤1 45 469.44 ± 8.22 180.14 ± 10.05 BRCA基因突变 是 8 520.33 ± 10.02 0.234 0.816 256.02 ± 20.94 0.013 0.990 否 44 519.44 ± 9.86 255.91 ± 21.88 新辅助化疗 是 5 521.03 ± 8.93 0.045 0.965 255.72 ± 21.55 0.021 0.983 否 47 520.84 ± 9.03 255.93 ± 21.09 CA125(U/mL) ≥ 1200 39 549.77 ± 11.05 23.315 <0.001 333.55 ± 20.07 26.988 <0.001 < 1200 13 472.13 ± 7.99 178.16 ± 8.44 FIGO分期 Ⅰ~Ⅱ 期 33 520.53 ± 9.44 0.407 0.686 254.92 ± 20.85 0.018 0.985 Ⅲ~Ⅳ 期 19 519.44 ± 9.05 255.03 ± 20.79 表 3 Cox风险回归分析影影响卵巢癌患者术后复发的单因素[$ \bar x \pm s $,n(%)]
Table 3. Cox risk regression analysis of single factors affecting postoperative recurrence in patients with ovarian cancer [$ \bar x \pm s $,n (%)]
项目 未复发组(n = 40) 复发组(n = 12) t/χ2 P 绝经后 是 20(50.00) 9(75.00) 0.339 0.126 否 20(50.00) 3(25.00) FIGO分期 Ⅰ~Ⅱ期 28(70.00) 5(41.67) 2.091 0.148 Ⅲ~Ⅳ期 12(30.00) 7(58.33) 吸烟史 是 11(27.50) 4(33.33) 0.001 0.977 否 29(72.50) 8(66.67) 组织分化程度 中高分化 13(32.50) 10(83.33) 9.670 0.002 低分化 27(67.50) 2(16.67) 淋巴结转移 是 4(10.00) 8(66.67) 13.658 <0.001 否 36(90.00) 4(33.33) 术后残余病灶直径(cm) ≤1 27(67.50) 3(25.00) 6.831 0.009 >1 13(32.50) 9(75.00) 新辅助化疗 是 3(7.50) 2(16.67) 0.149 0.699 否 37(92.50) 10(83.33) 病理分型 非浆液性癌 14(35.00) 5(41.67) 0.006 0.937 浆液性癌 26(35.00) 7(58.33) 腹水 是 17(42.50) 6(50.00) 0.211 0.646 否 23(57.50) 6(50.00) 肿瘤侵犯子宫肌层 是 11(27.50) 5(41.67) 0.332 0.565 否 29(72.50) 7(58.33) CEA(μg/L) 4.90 ± 1.22 8.95 ± 1.41 9.733 <0.001 Treg比率(%) 3.82 ± 0.91 5.60 ± 1.01 5.797 <0.001 血清FOLR1(pg/mL) 499.86 ± 90.44 611.93 ± 137.02 3.321 0.002 CA125(U/mL) 204.63 ± 44.26 496.59 ± 59.72 18.446 <0.001 表 4 对比未复发组、复发组血清sCD276、HE4水平($ \bar x \pm s $)
Table 4. Comparison of serum sCD276 and HE4 levels in the non-recurrent and recurrent groups($ \bar x \pm s $)
组别 n sCD276(pg/mL) HE4(pmol/L) 未复发组 40 488.52 ± 8.77 202.33 ± 8.44 复发组 12 563.16 ± 11.25 355.66 ± 15.77 t 24.197 44.362 P <0.001 <0.001 表 5 Cox回归分析影响卵巢癌术后复发的相关多因素
Table 5. Cox regression analysis of relevant multifactors affecting postoperative recurrence of ovarian cancer
因素 β SE Waldχ2 OR P值 95%CI 组织分化程度 1.088 0.669 2.645 2.968 <0.001 1.630~4.306 淋巴结转移 1.222 0.507 5.809 3.394 <0.001 2.380~4.408 CEA 1.511 0.491 9.470 4.531 <0.001 3.549~5.513 术后残余病灶直径 1.001 0.522 3.677 2.721 <0.001 1.677~3.765 Treg比率 0.963 0.555 3.011 2.620 <0.001 1.510~3.730 FOLR1 1.112 0.619 3.227 3.040 <0.001 1.802~4.278 sCD276 1.313 0.622 4.456 3.717 <0.001 2.473~4.961 HE4 1.508 0.777 3.767 4.518 <0.001 2.964~6.072 CA125 1.339 0.606 4.882 3.815 <0.001 2.603~5.027 治疗方式 0.315 0.208 2.261 1.371 0.133 0.895~2.098 合并症 0.408 0.249 2.673 1.504 0.102 0.948~2.387 表 6 ROC曲线分析血清sCD276、HE4水平对卵巢癌术后复发的预测价值
Table 6. Predictive value of serum sCD276 and HE4 levels for postoperative recurrence of ovarian cancer analyzed by ROC curve
指标 AUC值 Cutoff值 敏感度 特异性 准确度 P 95%CI sCD276 0.785 493.235(pg/mL−1) 75.00(30/40) 66.66(8/12) 73.07(38/52) <0.001 0.721~0.850 HE4 0.669 216.475(pmol/L) 67.50(27/40) 75.00(9/12) 69.23(36/52) <0.001 0.623~0.775 联合检测 0.885 92.50(37/40) 58.33(7/12) 84.62(44/52) <0.001 0.835~0.934 -
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