Analysis of Frailty Status and Influencing Factors in Lung Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy
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摘要:
目的 调查肺癌放疗患者衰弱的现状,并分析其影响因素。 方法 采用方便抽样法选取2023年1月至12月在云南省某三级甲等肿瘤专科医院放射治疗科收治的241例肺癌患者,采用一般资料调查问卷、Fried衰弱量表、安德森症状评估量表(MDASI)、医院焦虑抑郁量表(SDS)、营养风险筛查2002、Barthel指数量表进行问卷调查。 结果 肺癌放疗患者衰弱发生率为55.19%,衰弱总分为3.00(1.00,4.00)分。Logistic回归分析结果显示:年龄、放疗次数、血红蛋白计数、Barthel指数、安德森症状评估量评分、焦虑评分是肺癌放疗患者衰弱的影响因素(P < 0.05)。 结论 肺癌放疗患者衰弱发生率较高,年龄、放疗次数、血红蛋白计数、Barthel指数、安德森症状评评分、焦虑评分是肺癌放疗患者衰弱发生的影响因素。临床医护人员应及时评估肺癌放疗患者衰弱并识别其危险因素,并积极采取干预措施预防或控制衰弱的发生和发展。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the current status of frailty in lung cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy and analyze its influencing factors. Methods The convenience sampling method was used to select 241 lung cancer patients admitted to the radiation therapy department of a tertiary Grade A tumor specialty hospital in Yunnan Province from January to December 2023. A questionnaire survey was conducted using the General Information Survey Questionnaire, Fried Weakness Scale, Anderson Symptom Assessment Scale (MDASI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (SDS), Nutrition Risk Screening 2002, and Barthel Index Scale. Results The frailty in lung cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy was 55.19%, with a total frailty score of 3.00(1.00, 4.00) points. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that age, number of radiotherapy sessions, hemoglobin count, Barthel index, Anderson symptom assessment score, and anxiety score were the influencing factors of frailty in lung cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy (P < 0.05). Conclusion The incidence of frailties in patients with lung cancer radiotherapy is high. Age, radiotherapy frequency, hemoglobin count, Barthel index, Anderson symptom rating and anxiety score are the factors affecting frailties in patients with lung cancer radiotherapy. Clinical medical staff should promptly evaluate the frailty of lung cancer radiotherapy patients and identify their risk factors, and actively take intervention measures to prevent or control the occurrence and development of frailty. -
Key words:
- Lung cancer /
- Radiotherapy /
- Frailty /
- Influencing factor
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表 1 肺癌放疗患者衰弱表型、焦虑、抑郁、安德森症状评估量表得分[M(P25,P75),分]
Table 1. Scores of frailty phenotype,anxiety,depression,and Anderson symptom assessment scale for lung cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy[M(P25,P75),points]
变量 得分 衰弱表型量表评分 3.00(1.00,4.00) 医院焦虑抑郁量表 焦虑 8.00(5.00,11.00) 抑郁 7.00(3.50,10.00) 安德森症状评估量表评分 50.18(17.00,74.50) 表 2 不同社会人口特征肺癌放疗患者衰弱状况的单因素分析[n(%)]
Table 2. Univariate analysis of frailty status in lung cancer radiotherapy patients with different sociodemographic characteristics[n(%)]
项目 衰弱组 非衰弱组 χ2 P 年龄(岁) 19.527 < 0.001* < 60 57(42.86) 77(71.30) ≥ 60 76(57.14) 31(28.70) 性别 男 105(78.95) 82(75.93) 0.313 0.576 女 28(21.05) 26(24.07) 文化程度 小学及以下 50(37.59) 42(38.89) 1.401 0.705 初中 41(30.83) 37(34.26) 高中或中专 26(19.55) 15(14.89) 大专及以上 16(12.03) 14(12.96) 婚姻状况 已婚 115(86.47) 99(91.67) 1.620 0.203 其他 18(13.53) 9(8.33) 职业 农民 74(55.64) 69(63.89) 4.873 0.181 工人 11(8.27) 12(11.11) 职员 10(7.52) 9(8.33) 无业或退休 38(28.57) 18(16.67) 居住情况 3.861 0.145 与配偶同住 100(75.19) 86(79.63) 与子女同住 28(21.05) 14(12.96) 独居或养老院 5(3.76) 8(7.41) 家庭人均月收入(元) ≤ 2000 56(42.11) 56(51.85) 5.311 0.150 > 2000 ≤4000 35(26.32) 28(25.93) > 4000 ≤6000 24(18.05) 9(8.33) > 6000 18(13.53) 15(13.89) 医疗费用支付方式 1.905 0.168 职工医保 52(39.10) 33(30.56) 居民医保 81(60.90) 75(69.44) 病程(月) 5.311 0.150 ≤ 6 13(9.77) 22(20.37) > 6≤12 43(32.33) 36(33.33) > 12≤24 40(30.08) 30(27.78) > 24 37(27.82) 20(18.52) 肺癌细胞分型 1.781 0.633 腺癌 31(23.31) 28(25.93) 鳞癌 61(45.86) 51(47.22) 大细胞肺癌 8(6.02) 9(8.33) 小细胞肺癌 33(24.81) 20(18.52) 临床分期 12.592 0.002* II期 10(7.52) 13(12.04) III期 66(49.62) 72(66.67) IV期 57(42.86) 23(21.30) 表 2 不同社会人口特征肺癌放疗患者衰弱状况的单因素分析[n(%)]
Table 2. Univariate analysis of frailty status in lung cancer radiotherapy patients with different sociodemographic characteristics[n(%)]
项目 衰弱组 非衰弱组 χ2 P 转移情况 14.125 < 0.001* 局部转移 74(55.64) 85(78.70) 远处转移 59(44.36) 23(21.30) 曾接受何种治疗 手术 11(8.27) 10(9.26) 0.451 0.930 化疗 88(66.17) 69(63.30) 手术+化疗 20(15.04) 19(17.59) 其他治疗 14(10.53) 10(9.26) 是否口服多种药物 22.897 < 0.001* 无口服药物 82(61.65) 96(88.89) 口服1种及以上药物 51(38.35) 12(11.11) 是否存在多种慢性疾病 0.909 0.363 无合并症 106(79.70) 91(84.26) 存在1种及以上合并症 27(20.30) 17(15.74) 血小板计数(109/L) 0.876 0.349 < 100 16(12.03) 9(8.33) ≥ 100 117(87.97) 99(91.67) 白细胞计数(109/L) 4,329 0.037* < 4 43(32.33) 22(20.37) ≥ 4 90(67.67) 86(79.63) 白蛋白计数(g/L) 3.195 0.074 < 35 26(19.55) 12(11.11) ≥ 35 107(80.45) 96(88.89) 血红蛋白计数(g/L) 16.856 < 0.001* < 120 65(48.87) 25(23.15) ≥ 120 68(51.13) 83(76.85) 营养评分(分) 43.268 < 0.001* < 3 47(35.34) 84(77.78) ≥ 3 86(64.66) 24(22.22) 放疗次数(次) 62.879 < 0.001* ≤ 10 36(27.07) 84(77.78) > 10 ≤ 20 46(34.59) 16(14.81) > 20 51(38.35) 8(7.41) Barthel指数(分) 135.235 < 0.001* 100(无需依赖) 23(17.29) 93(86.11) 61~99(轻度依赖) 110(82.71) 15(13.89) *P < 0.05。 表 3 不同医院焦虑抑郁量表、安德森症状评估量表评分肺癌放疗患者衰弱状况的单因素分析[M(P25,P75)]
Table 3. Univariate analysis of frailty status in lung cancer radiotherapy patients using anxiety and depression scales and Anderson symptom assessment scales from different hospitals[M(P25,P75)]
变量 得分 Z P 衰弱组(n = 133) 非衰弱组(n = 108) 焦虑量表评分 9.00(5.00,11.00) 7.00(4.00,9.00) −4.349 < 0.001* 抑郁量表评分 9.00(5.00,11.00) 4.00(3.00,8.00) −6.567 < 0.001* 安德森症状评估量表评分 72.93(47.00,98.00) 23.08(7.00,35.00) −10.58 < 0.001* *P < 0.05。 表 4 肺癌放疗患者衰弱发生多因素分析
Table 4. Multivariate analysis of frailty in lung cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy
自变量 β SE Waldχ P OR 95%CI 常量 −3.455 1.340 6.609 0.010* 年龄(对照组: < 60岁) 2.291 0.664 11.892 0.001* 9.883 2.688~36.334 放疗次数(对照组:≤10次) >10≤20 1.656 0.683 5.873 0.015* 5.240 1.373~20.001 >20 3.095 0.829 13.931 < 0.001* 22.098 4.349~89.634 血红蛋白(对照组: < 120 g/L) −1.723 0.628 7.518 0.006* 0.178 0.052~0.612 安德森症状评估量表评分 0.072 0.015 21.806 < 0.001* 1.074 1.043~1.107 焦虑评分 −0.393 0.141 7.742 0.005* 0.675 0.512~0.890 Barthel指数评分(对照组:100分无依赖) 3.142 0.679 21.398 < 0.001* 23.151 6.115~87.647 *P < 0.05。 -
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