Analysis of Risk Factors for Co-Infection of Ulcerative Colitis with Epstein-barr Virus and Cytomegalovirus
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摘要:
目的 分析溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)患者合并EB病毒(epstein-barr virus,EBV)和巨细胞病毒(cytomegalovirus,CMV)感染的危险因素及与药物疗效的关系,为临床方案的制定提供参考价值。 方法 回顾性收集2018年1月1日至2022年12月31日在昆明医科大学第一附属医院确诊为UC的280例患者的临床资料,单因素及多因素分析EBV和CMV感染的相关因素,单因素分析CMV感染的相关因素。 结果 单因素分析显示:高龄、重度疾病活动度、C-反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、血小板(platelets,PLT)、红细胞沉降率(erythrocyte sedimentation rate,ESR)、纤维蛋白降解产物(fibrin degradation products,FDP)、D-二聚体(D-dimer,D-D)、纤维蛋白原(fibrinogen,FIB)、血清钙卫蛋白(calprotectin,CAL)、Mayo内镜评分(Mayo endoscopic score,MES)均升高,白蛋白(albumin,ALB)下降、糖皮质激素使用是UC合并EBV感染的相关因素(P < 0.05);高龄、重度疾病活动度、血红蛋白(haemoglobin,HB)、ALB下降、CRP升高是UC合并CMV感染的相关因素(P < 0.05)。多因素分析显示高龄、重度疾病活动度是UC合并EBV感染的危险因素(P < 0.05)。感染EBV者更易激素抵抗、免疫抑制剂无效和生物制剂失应答;感染CMV者更易免疫抑制剂无效和生物制剂失应答。 结论 高龄和重度疾病活动度是UC合并EBV感染的危险因素。UC患者感染EBV、CMV更易出现免疫抑制剂无效、生物制剂失应答;感染EBV也易出现激素抵抗。 Abstract:Objective To analyze the risk factors of EB virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and their relationship with drug efficacy, thus offering the guidance for clinical treatment strategies. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data from 280 patients diagnosed with UC at the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2022. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the factors associated with EBV and CMV infections, emphasizing CMV-specific factors. Results Univariate analysis indicated that older age, severe disease activity, elevated C-reactive protein(CRP), increased platelet count(PLT), erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR), fibrin degradation products(FDP), D-dimer(D-D), fibrinogen(FIB), calprotectin(CAL), higher Mayo endoscopic scores (MES)index, decreased albumin(ALB), and corticosteroid use were linked to EBV infection (The average p value was < 0.05).For CMV infection, significant factors included older age, severe disease activity, decreased hemoglobin (HB), ALB, elevated CRP (The average p value was < 0.05). Multivariate analysis confirmed that older age and severe disease activity were risk factors for EBV infection (The average p value was < 0.05). EBV-infected patients showed a higher likelihood of steroid resistance, ineffective immunosuppressants, and loss of response to biological therapies, while CMV-infected patients also faced challenges with the treatment response. Conclusion Older age and severe disease activity are the significant risk factors for EBV infection in UC patients. UC patients infected with EBV and CMV are more prone to immune suppressant ineffectiveness and biological agent failure to respond. People infected with EBV are also prone to hormone resistance. -
Key words:
- Ulcerative colitis /
- Epstein-barr virus /
- Cytomegalovirus /
- Risk factors
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表 1 UC合并EBV感染的单因素分析[n(%)/($ \bar x \pm s $)] (1)
Table 1. Univariate analysis the relevant factors of UC complicated with EBV[n(%)/($ \bar x \pm s $)] (1)
变量 EBV 感染 阴性(n = 144) 阳性(n = 136) χ2/t/z P 性别 男 94 (65.28) 99 (72.79) 1.845 0.174 女 50 (34.72) 37 (27.21) 年龄(岁) < 40 68 (47.22) 38 (27.94) 11.071 0.004* 40~59 52 (36.11) 68 (50.00) ≥60 24 (16.67) 30(22.06) 民族 汉族 128 (88.89) 122(89.71) 0.049 0.825 少数民族 16 (11.11) 14 (10.29) BMI (kg/㎡) 21.22 ± 3.17 20.60 ± 3.13 1.666 0.097 病程(月) < 12 18 (12.50) 26 (19.12) 3.68082 0.298 12~59 80 (55.56) 65 (47.79) 60~19 30 (20.83) 25 (18.38) ≥120 16 (11.11) 20 (14.71) 疾病活动度 轻度 17 (11.81) 7 (5.15) 17.095 < 0.001** 中度 75 (52.08) 47(34.56) 重度 52 (36.11) 82 (60.29) 病变 E1 10 (6.94) 8 (5.88) 0.208 0.901 E2 47 (32.64) 47 (34.56) E3 87 (60.42) 81 (59.56) 合并肠外表现 无 128 (88.89) 114(83.82) 1.530 0.216 有 16 (11.11) 22(16.18) HB(g/L) 126.37 ± 29.50 119.67 ± 27.35 1.967 0.050 CRP(mg/L) 4.89(1.56,16.68) 17.55(3.90,53.33) 6395.500 < 0.001** PLT(x109/L) 295(236,369) 348.5(262.0,425.3) 7516.000 < 0.001** ALB(g/L) 38.10(34.25,41.7) 34.30(28.25,38.65) 6745.500 < 0.001** ESR(mm/h) 18.00(9.50,31.00) 25.00(13.00,44.00) 7477.500 < 0.001** FDP(g/L) 2.10(1.30,2.99) 3.05(1.80,5.28) 6855.500 < 0.001** D-D(g/L) 0.42(0.28,0.67) 0.78(0.40,1.62) 5874.500 < 0.001* FIB(g/L) 3.35(2.73,4.24) 4.13(3.22,5.03) 6796.000 < 0.001** CAL(g/L) 116.88 ± 39.42 129.57 ± 35.11 2.839 0.005* ANCA 阴性 59 (40.97) 68(50.00) 2.300 0.129 阳性 85 (59.03) 68(50.00) ANA 阴性 94 (65.28) 85(62.50) 0.234 0.629 阳性 50 (34.72) 51(37.50) 表 1 UC合并EBV感染的单因素分析[n(%)/($ \bar x \pm s $)] (2)
Table 1. Univariate analysis the relevant factors of UC complicated with EBV[n(%)/($ \bar x \pm s $)] (2)
变量 EBV 感染 阴性(n = 144) 阳性(n = 136) χ2/t/z P MES 0 2 (1.39) 0(0.00) 17.408 < 0.001** 1 12 (8.33) 6(4.41) 2 57 (39.58) 29(21.32) 3 73 (50.69) 101(74.26) 5-氨基水杨酸 未使用 48 (33.33) 53(38.97) 0.964 0.326 使用 96 (66.67) 83 (61.03) 激素 未使用 111 (77.08) 81(59.56) 9.967 0.002** 使用 33 (22.92) 55(40.44) 免疫抑制剂 未使用 114 (79.17) 115(84.56) 1.365 0.243 使用 30 (20.83) 21(15.44) 生物制剂 未使用 84 (58.33) 76(55.88) 0.172 0.679 使用 60 (41.67) 60(44.12) *P < 0.05;**P < 0.01。 表 2 UC合并CMV感染的相关因素单因素分析[n(%)/($ \bar x \pm s $)] (1)
Table 2. Univariate analysis the relevant factors of UC complicated with CMV[n(%)/($ \bar x \pm s $)] (1)
变量 CMV感染 阴性(n = 266) 阳性(n = 14) χ2/t/z P 性别 男 185(69.55) 9(64.29) 0.173 0.677 女 81 (30.45) 5(35.71) 年龄(岁) < 40 105(39.47) 1(7.14) 6.436 0.040* 40~59 112(42.11) 8(57.14) ≥60 49 (18.42) 5(35.71) 民族 汉族 238(89.47) 12 (85.71) 0.196 0.658 少数民族 28(10.53) 2(14.29) BMI (kg/㎡) 21.00 ± 3.16 19.74 ± 2.91 0.223 0.824 病程(月) < 12 39(14.66) 5(35.71) 5.897 0.117 12~59 139 (52.26) 6(42.86) 60~19 52 (19.55) 3(21.43) ≥120 36(13.53) 0(0.00) 疾病活动度 轻度 24(9.02) 0(0.00) 8.415 0.015* 中度 120(45.11) 2(14.29) 重度 122(45.86) 12(85.71) 表 2 UC合并CMV感染的相关因素单因素分析[n(%)/($ \bar x \pm s $)] (2)
Table 2. Univariate analysis the relevant factors of UC complicated with CMV[n(%)/($ \bar x \pm s $)] (2)
变量 CMV感染 阴性(n = 266) 阳性(n = 14) χ2/t/z P 病变 E1 18(6.77) 0(0.00) 3.984 0.136 E2 87(32.71) 8 (57.14) E3 161 (60.53) 6 (42.86) 合并肠外表现 无 230 (86.47) 12(85.71) 0.006 0.936 有 36 (13.53) 2(14.29) HB(g/L) 124.17 ± 28.29 103.31 ± 29.70 3.326 0.010* CRP(mg/L) 3.11(7.84,28.30) 19.95(42.98,87.36) 817.000 0.001** PLT(x109/L) 246(315,388) 282.5(324.0,463.5) 1445.500 0.318 ALB(g/L) 32.30(36.30,40.60) 22.75(26.30,34.15) 6892.000 < 0.001** ESR(mm/h) 10.00(22.00,37.00) 21.50(29.00,50.50) 1270.500 0.106 FDP(g/L) 1.40(2.50 ,4.30) 1.95(2.90,3.40) 1632.000 0.732 D-D(g/L) 0.31(0.50 ,1.03) 0.42(0.80,1.01) 1438.000 0.334 FIB(g/L) 2.94(3.63 ,4.57) 2.48(3.57,5.35) 1609 0.673 CAL(g/L) 122.2 ± 37.95 139.45 ± 34.79 1.599 0.111 ANCA 阴性 119(44.74) 9(64.19) 2.048 0.152 阳性 147 (55.26) 5(35.71) ANA 阴性 168 (63.16) 12(85.71) 2.947 0.086 阳性 98(36.84) 2(14.29) MES 0 2(0.75) 0(0.00) 5.842 0.120 1 18(6.77) 0(0.00) 2 84 (31.71) 1(7.14) 3 162(60.53) 13(92.86) 5-氨基水杨酸 未使用 95 (35.71) 5(35.71) < 0.001 1.000 使用 171 (64.29) 9(64.29) 激素 未使用 184(69.17) 9(64.29) 0.148 0.700 使用 82 (30.83) 5(35.71) 免疫抑制剂 未使用 218(81.95) 12(85.71) 0.128 0.720 使用 48 (18.05) 2(14.29) 生物制剂 未使用 155 (58.27) 5(35.71) 2.763 0.096 使用 111(41.73) 9(64.29) *P < 0.05;**P < 0.01。 表 3 UC合并EBV感染的相关因素的多因素分析
Table 3. Multivariate analysis the relevant factors of UC complicated with EBV
自变量 P OR 95%CI Lower Upper CRP(mg/L) 0.389 1.004 0.995 1.012 PLT(×109/L) 0.191 1.002 0.999 1.005 ALB(g/L) 0.178 0.961 0.908 1.018 ESR(mm/h) 0.202 0.989 0.972 1.006 FDP(g/L) 0.794 0.988 0.9 1.084 D-D(g/L) 0.224 1.319 0.844 2.062 FIB(g/L) 0.565 1.043 0.904 1.203 CAL(g/L) 0.185 0.991 0.978 1.004 年龄(岁) < 40 0.003* 40~59 0.018* 0.384 0.173 0.851 ≥60 0.789 1.103 0.537 2.269 疾病活动度 轻度 0.089 中度 0.095 0.247 0.048 1.274 重度 0.028* 0.336 0.127 0.888 激素 0.256 1.447 0.765 2.735 常量 0.143 11.441 *P < 0.05。 表 4 UC合并EBV或CMV感染与药物疗效的相关性[n(%)]
Table 4. Correlation between UC and EBV or CMV infection and drug efficacy[n(%)]
用药及疗效 EBV感染 χ2/t/z p CMV感染 χ2/t/z p 阴性 阳性 阴性 阳性 激素 n = 33 n = 55 n = 82 n = 5 抵抗 7(21.21%) 23(41.82) 3.898 0.048* 15(18.29) 2(40.00) − 0.251 有效 26(78.79) 32(58.18) 67(81.71) 3(60.00) 免疫抑制剂 n = 30 n = 21 n = 48 n = 3 无效 10(33.33) 14(66.67) 5.509 0.019* 15(31.25) 3(100) − 0.039* 有效 20(66.67) 7(33.33) 33(68.75) 0(0) 生物制剂 n = 60 n = 60 n = 11 n = 8 失应答 13(21.67) 23(38.33) 3.968 0.046* 27(24.32) 6(75.00) 7.201 0.001* 应答 47 (78.33) 37(61.67) 84(75.68) 2(25.00) *P < 0.05。 -
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