Family Burden in Elderly Hip Fracture Patients with Cognitive Impairment and Its Influencing Factors
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摘要:
目的 研究老年髋部骨折伴认知障碍患者家庭照顾者负担情况及其相关因素。 方法 运用便利抽样的方法,采用Zarit照顾者负担量表对四川省成都市某三级甲等综合医院骨科治疗的老年髋部骨折伴认知障碍患者的家庭照顾者进行分析。 结果 老年髋部骨折伴认知障碍患者家庭照顾者的负担得分为(39.65±13.89)分,多元逐步回归分析结果表明照顾负担主要影响因素为照顾者是否患慢性病及患者的Barthel指数(R2 = 0.539,F = 20.206,P < 0.001)。 结论 59.9%以上的老年髋部骨折伴认知障碍患者家庭照顾者负担水平超过中度水平,照顾者自身慢性病情况及其所照顾患者的Barthel指数(BI)是影响照顾者负担水平的影响因素。因此,医护人员在护理工作中不应只关注于老年髋部骨折伴认知障碍患者,也应同时了解照顾者的负担水平和影响因素,采取个性化的护理措施,以降低他们的负担,最终持续提升家庭照顾水平以及患者生活质量。 Abstract:Objective To explore the burden status and influencing factors of family caregivers in elderly patients with hip fracture and cognitive impairment. Methods Using the convenient sampling method and Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale to investigate the family caregivers of the elderly hip fracture patients with cognitive impairment admitted to the orthopaedic department of a tertiary hospital in Chengdu, Sichuan Province. Results The family caregivers' care burden score of elderly hip fracture patients with cognitive impairment was(39.65±13.89). The results of multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the main influencing factors of care burden were whether the caregivers had chronic diseases and Barthel index(R2 = 0.539, F = 20.206, P < 0.001). Conclusion More than 59.9% of the elderly patients with hip fracture and cognitive impairment are in the middle or above level of family caregiver burden. The caregiver's own chronic disease and Barthel Index(BI)of the caregiver are the influencing factors of caregiver burden level. Therefore, medical staff should not only pay attention to the elderly hip fracture patients with cognitive impairment, but also understand the burden level and influencing factors of caregivers, and take personalized nursing measures to decrease the burden level of caregivers, in order to further improve the function of family care and the quality of their life. -
Key words:
- The elderly /
- Hip fracture /
- Cognitive impairment /
- Caregiver /
- Care burden
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表 1 患者家庭照顾者基本情况及其负担水平(n = 197)
Table 1. The general information and burden level of family caregivers(n = 197)
项目 基本情况 n(%) ZBI分( $ \bar x \pm s$) t/F P 性别 −1.433 0.220 男 70(35.53) 36.45 ± 14.88 女 127(64.47) 43.06 ± 16.93 年龄 0.556 0.472 < 45岁 87(44.16) 40.72 ± 18.09 ≥ 45岁 110(55.84) 42.15 ± 16.23 文化程度 1.128 0.340 小学及以下 170(86.30) 41.25 ± 11.55 初中 8(4.06) 40.71 ± 12.18 高中或中专 11(5.58) 38.60 ± 14.08 大专或本科 8(4.06) 34.80 ± 14.26 职业 1.261 0.252 在职 91(46.19) 39.24 ± 12.94 待业 106(53.81) 40.58 ± 12.85 与患者关系 2.439 0.067 配偶 112(56.85) 39.83 ± 12.13 父母 32(16.24) 35.74 ± 12.70 子女 43(21.83) 42.86 ± 11.81 兄弟姐妹 10(5.08) 38.04 ± 15.01 家庭月收入(元) 1.359 0.261 < 3000 96(48.73) 40.56 ± 13.38 3000~8000 78(39.59) 38.59 ± 12.10 > 8000 23(11.68) 33.56 ± 9.59 是否还有其他照顾者 1.360 0.275 无 77(39.09) 51.63 ± 15.76 有 120(60.91) 40.34 ± 18.95 有无慢性病 5.096 0.002 无 69(35.03) 36.52 ± 12.67 有 128(64.97) 42.33 ± 12.94 患者住院付费情况 0.027 0.978 自费 63(31.98) 39.40 ± 5.73 社保或商业保险 134(68.02) 36.56 ± 13.09 患者BI指数 12.617 < 0.001 0~40分 43(21.83) 32.79 ± 9.85 41~60分 115(58.37) 40.22 ± 10.35 61分以上 39(19.80) 46.08 ± 15.50 表 2 自变量赋值形式
Table 2. Assignment form of independent variable
自变量 赋值形式 有无慢性病 无 = 0;有 = 1 患者ZBI指数 0~40分 = 1;41~60分 = 2;61分以上 = 3 表 3 老年髋部骨折伴认知障碍患者家庭照顾者负担影响因素
Table 3. Influencing factors of family caregiver burden in elderly patients with hip fracture and cognitive impairment
项目 B SE β t P 常数项 50.860 7.629 − 6.667 < 0.001* 有无慢性病 2.510 1.027 0.158 2.443 0.016 患者BI指数 −4.374 1.097 −0.262 −3.988 < 0.001* R2 = 0.539,F = 20.206,*P < 0.001。 -
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