Clinical Effect of Training on Neonates with Swallowing Dysfunction
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摘要:
目的 观察吞咽功能障碍训练对新生儿吞咽障碍的临床疗效。 方法 选取2018年3月至2018年7月在云南省第一人民医院儿科NICU病房收治的新生儿140例，完全随机分为干预组70例和对照组70例，干预组中男44例，女26例，足月儿17例，早产儿53例，对照组中男41例，女29例，足月儿14例，早产儿56例，从入组开始直至出院，干预组在常规治疗基础上增加康复师进行吞咽功能训练，观察入组后体重增长情况（g）、总奶量增长情况及口饲奶量增长情况（mL）、留置胃管时间（d）、总住院时间（d）。 结果 干预组和对照组入组时体重分别为（1 990±632）g和（1 879±581）g，两组治疗后体重分别为（2 538±521） g和（2 496±394） g，差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05），而干预组总奶量增长量为（23.41±8.67） mL、口饲奶增长量为（17.18±4.63） mL，均显著高于对照组总奶量增长量（19.58±8.85） mL、口饲奶增长量为（15.11±4.79） mL，同样地，干预组留置胃管时间（8.45±10.69） d、总住院时间（18.75±12.75） d均短于对照组留置胃管时间（14.18±15.65） d、总住院时间（23.97±13.57） d，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。 结论 针对吞咽功能障碍的新生儿进行吞咽功能训练可促进奶量增加，缩短留置胃管时间及住院时间，而对体重增长并不明显。 Abstract:Objective To observe the clinical effect of swallowing dysfunction training on neonates with swallowing disorder. Methods We selected 140 cases of pediatric NICU ward in March 2018 to July 2018, randomly divided them into intervention group and control group, each group had totally 70 cases, there were 44 male cases, 26 female cases, 17 full term cases, 53 premature cases in the intervention group, and there were 41 male cases, 29 female cases, 14 full term cases, 56 premature cases in the control group, from start until discharged into the group, the intervention group accepted the basis of conventional treatment, and received swallowing function training by rehabilitative therapist at the same time, Weight gain （g）, total milk volume amount of increase, oral feeding volume amount of increase （mL）, indwelling gastric tube time （d）, and total hospital stay time （d）were observed. Results For patients in the intervention group and control group respectively, the weight were （1 990±632） g and （1 879±581） g in the begining, the weight of the two groups after treatment, respectively were （2 538±521） g and （2 496±394） g, there was no statistically significant difference （P > 0.05）, while the intervention group's total milk supply growth were （23.41±8.67） mL, feeding by mouth growth were （17.18±4.63） mL, were significantly higher than control group in total growth in milk production （19.58±8.85） mL, feeding by mouth growth for （15.11±4.79） mL, in the same way, The duration of gastric tube indwentment were （8.45±10.69） d and the total length of hospital stay were （18.75±12.75） d in the intervention group were shorter than those in the control group （14.18±15.65） d and the total length of hospital stay （23.97±13.57） d, and the differences were statistically significant （P < 0.05）. Conclusion Deglutition training for newborns with dysphagia can increase milk volume, shorten the duration of indwelling gastric tube and hospital stay, but has no obvious effect on weight gain. -
Key words:
- Neonate /
- Swallowing dysfunction /
- Swallowing treatment
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表 1 两组新生儿的一般资料（n）（1）
Table 1. General information of newborns in two groups （n）（1）
组别 n 性别（n） 男 女 干预组 70 44 26 对照组 70 41 29 
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表 1 两组新生儿的一般资料（
$\bar x\pm s $ ）（2）Table 1. General information of newborns in two groups（
$\bar x\pm s $ ）（2）组别 n 胎龄（周） 出生体重（g） 头围（cm） 干预组 70 34.29 ± 3.12 1 990 ± 632 31.1 ± 2.2 对照组 70 33.50 ± 3.04 1 879 ± 581 30.5 ± 2.0 t 1.509 1.080 1.567 P > 0.05 > 0.05 > 0.05
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表 2 两组新生儿治疗前、后体重比较（
$\bar x\pm s $ ）Table 2. Comparison of body weight before and after treatment between the two groups（
$\bar x\pm s $ ）组别 n 体重（g） P 治疗前 治疗后 干预组 70 1 990 ± 632 2538 ± 521 < 0.05 对照组 70 1 879 ± 581 2496 ± 394 < 0.05 t 1.080 0.534 P > 0.05 > 0.05
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表 3 两组新生儿治疗前、后总奶量增长情况及口饲奶量增长情况比较（
$\bar x\pm s $ ）Table 3. Comparison of the growth of total milk volume and oral feeding milk volume between the two groups before and after treatment（
$\bar x\pm s $ ）组别 n 奶量增长量（mL） 总奶增长量 口饲奶增长量 干预组 70 23.41 ± 8.67 17.18 ± 4.63 对照组 70 19.58 ± 8.85 15.11 ± 4.79 t 2.584 2.602 P < 0.05 < 0.05
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表 4 两组新生儿留置胃管时间及总住院时间比较（
$\bar x \pm s$ ）Table 4. Comparison of indwelling gastric tube time and total hospital stay between the two groups（
$\bar x\pm s $ ）组别 n 留置胃管时间（d） 总住院时间（d） 干预组 70 8.45 ± 10.69 18.75 ± 12.75 对照组 70 14.18 ± 15.65 23.97 ± 13.57 t −2.528 −2.342 P < 0.05 < 0.05
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