Clinical Effect of Digital Complete Dentures for Edentulous Patients
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摘要:
目的 对比无牙颌患者制作全口义齿数字化方法与传统方法的临床疗效。 方法 选取34例无牙颌患者随机分为两组，数字组采用数字化方法修复全口义齿，传统组采用传统方法修复全口义齿，对比两组修复效果并对结果进行统计学分析。 结果 修复后1月内，数字组义齿压痛点总个数比传统组少，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.001）；修复后1个月，数字组咀嚼效率比传统组高，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；修复后6个月，数字组下牙槽骨前牙、后牙区牙槽骨骨吸收量比传统组少，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；修复后1周、2个月，数字组在义齿使用舒适感、佩戴稳定性和咀嚼能力方面评分比传统组高，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05），义齿美观性、发音清晰度评分差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。 结论 无牙颌患者使用数字化全口义齿临床效果良好；数字化全口义齿在减轻患者疼痛，减少牙槽骨吸收，提升佩戴舒适感、增强佩戴稳定性、提高咀嚼效率方面具有优势，值得推广。 Abstract:Objective To compare the clinical effect of digital complete dentures and traditional complete dentures for edentulous patients. Methods Thirty-four edentulous patients were randomly divided into two groups.The digital group used digital method complete denture, and the traditional group used traditional method complete denture. The clinical effects of the two groups were compared and statistically analyzed. Results Within 1 month, the total number of denture tenderness points in the digital group was less than that in the traditional group, the difference was statistically significant （P < 0.001）. After 1 month, the chewing efficiency of the digital group was higher than the traditional group, the difference was statistically significant （P < 0.05）. 6 months after, the alveolar bone absorption in anterior and posterior teeth of mandibular alveolar of the digital group was less than that the traditional group, the difference was statistically significant （P < 0.05）. 1 week, 2 months later, the scores of comfort, retention and chewing function in the digital group were higher than the traditional group, and the difference was statistically significant （P < 0.05）, but there was no significant difference in appearance and pronunciation （P>0.05）. Conclusion The clinical effect of digital complete denture in edentulous patients is good, digital complete denture has advantages in alleviating pain, reducing alveolar bone absorption, and improving comfort, retention, chewing efficiency, and is worth popularizing. -
Key words:
- Edentulous /
- Digitization /
- Traditional method /
- Complete denture
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表 1 全口义齿满意度分级表
Table 1. Satisfaction rating of complete denture
分级 义齿美观性 发音清晰度 使用舒适感 佩戴稳定性 咀嚼能力 总体评价 非常
满意义齿丰满度高度
适中、牙齿
大小合适日常发音不受
任何影响戴牙无异物感；
无任何疼痛进食、讲话
不脱位日常进食正常 达到想要
的期望值满意 义齿丰满度
较好，牙齿
大小较满意能正常交流，
但个别字符
发音受影响戴牙稍有异物感，
但可以适应；
有少处疼痛点安静时固位好，
讲话时不易脱位，
仅吃粘性食物
时脱位能咀嚼一般物，
但咀嚼蔬菜等
纤维性食物
受一定影响有少部分未
达到期望值一般 义齿丰满度
欠佳，牙齿
大小较满意能交流，但
多数发音
受影响戴牙有异物感，
戴牙时间稍长
有不适感；有
少处疼痛点安静时固位好,
讲话时不易脱位，
进食时脱落能咀嚼较软、
较脆食物大部未达到
期望值不满意 义齿丰满度差，
牙齿大小不满意日常交流
严重影响戴牙异物感明显，
有多处疼痛点安静时固位好,
进食、讲话时
易脱位仅能咀嚼
较软的食物未达到
期望值
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表 2 义齿压痛点总个数和咀嚼效率（
$ \bar x \pm s $ ）Table 2. The total number of denture tenderness points and the chewing efficiency （
$ \bar x \pm s $ ）组别 义齿压痛点总个数（个） 咀嚼效率（%） 数字组 0.75 ± 0.75 0.51 ± 0.05 传统组 4.73 ± 1.42 0.37 ± 0.04 t −8.992 9.188 P < 0.001* < 0.001* *P < 0.05。
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表 3 两组下牙槽骨前牙、后牙区牙槽骨骨吸收量[（
$ \bar x \pm s $ ），mm]Table 3. Alveolar bone resorption of anterior and posterior teeth of mandibular alveolar in two groups [（
$ \bar x \pm s $ ），mm]组别 前牙区 后牙区 数字组 0.37 ± 0.15 0.45 ± 0.15 传统组 0.61 ± 0.19 0.67 ± 0.18 t −3.773 −3.600 P < 0.001* < 0.001* *P < 0.05。
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表 4 全口义齿满意度评分
Table 4. Satisfaction score of complete denture
时间 分组 不满意 一般 满意 非常满意 z P 1周 义齿美观性 数字组 0 1 7 4 −0.122 0.929 传统组 0 2 12 8 发音清晰度 数字组 0 3 8 1 −0.562 0.574 传统组 0 9 10 3 使用舒适感 数字组 0 2 8 2 −4.33 < 0.001* 传统组 7 14 1 0 佩戴稳定性 数字组 0 1 9 2 −4.178 < 0.001* 传统组 7 12 3 0 咀嚼能力 数字组 0 1 5 6 −4.482 < 0.001* 传统组 7 13 2 0 2个月 义齿美观性 数字组 0 0 6 6 −0.617 0.537 传统组 0 1 12 9 发音清晰度 数字组 0 1 9 2 −0.202 0.840 传统组 1 2 15 4 使用舒适感 数字组 0 1 8 3 −3.379 0.001 传统组 3 11 8 0 佩戴稳定性 数字组 0 2 7 3 −3.126 0.002 传统组 2 14 5 1 咀嚼能力 数字组 0 1 5 6 −3.081 0.002 传统组 2 10 8 2 注：*P < 0.05。
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