Correlation between Hepatitis B Virus and Microvascular Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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摘要:
目的 探讨乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染及抗病毒治疗与肝细胞癌微血管侵犯(microvascular invasion,MVI)形成及发展的相关性。 方法 回顾性分析昆明医科大学第二附属医院 2016年3月至2018年10月287例行根治性肝切除手术的肝细胞癌患者的临床及病理资料。依据病理结果将患者分为MVI阳性组和MVI阴性组,符合正态分布计量资料两组间比较采用t检验; 不符合正态分布的计量资料两组间比较采用 Mann-Whitney U 检验。计数资料两组间非等级资料比较采用χ2 检验,等级资料比较采用 Mann-Whitney U 检验;三组间比较采用 Kruskal-Wallis H检验。对有统计学意义的因素进一步行多因素Logistic回归分析,采用ROC曲线最大约登指数法评价本次研究的诊断效能。 结果 287例患者中,MVI的发生率为44.7% (137/287)。单因素分析显示,MVI的形成与术前抗病毒治疗,HBVDNA定量、AFP定量及术后病理组织学分级有关。在HBV相关性HCC患者中,多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:抗病毒治疗(OR = 0.44,P = 0.002)、HBVDNA定量在 ≥ 2×104至≤2×107 IU/mL (OR = 2.79, P = 0.036)、及AFP定量在 ≥ 400至 ≤ 1 000 ng/mL (OR = 0.31,P = 0.023)为MVI的独立危险因素,且抗病毒治疗半年以上为MVI的独立保护因素。高水平的HBVDNA定量(> 2×104 IU/mL)可能预示MVI的高分化(P < 0.05)。此外,有意义的HBVDNA定量 ≥ 2×10 4至 ≤ 2×107 IU/mL (AUC = 0.885,P < 0.001)可能对预测HBV相关性HCC发生MVI的诊断价值较高。 结论 HBV感染与HBVDNA定量水平是肝细胞癌MVI形成的重要因素;抗病毒治疗可能对MVI的形成有预防作用;高水平的HBVDNA定量可能预示着高分化的MVI,此外有意义的HBVDNA定量对HBV相关性HCC发生MVI具有一定价值。 Abstract:Objective To explore the correlation between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and antiviral therapy and the formation and development of microvascular invasion (MVI) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Retrospective analysis was made on the clinical and pathological data of hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing radical hepatectomy in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from March 2016 to October 2018. Results The formation of MVI was related to preoperative antiviral therapy, HBVDNA quantification, AFP quantification and postoperative histopathological grading.Among hbV-associated HCC patients, multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that antiviral therapy (OR = 0.44 p = 0.002), HBVDNA quantification ≥2×104~≤2×107 IU/mL (OR = 2.79 p = 0.036), and AFP quantification ≥400~≤1 000 ng/mL (OR = 0.31 p = 0.023) were independent risk factors for MVI, and antiviral therapy for more than half a year was independent protective factor for MVI. High levels of HBVDNA quantification (> 2×104 IU/mL) may indicate high differentiation of MVI (P < 0.05). In addition, significant HBVDNA quantification ≥2×10 4~≤2×107 IU/mL (AUC = 0.885 P < 0.001) may be of high diagnostic value in predicting the occurrence of MVI for HBV-associated HCC. Conclusion HBV infection and HBVDNA quantification levels are important factors in the formation of MVI in hepatocellular carcinoma. Antiviral therapy may have a preventive effect on the formation of MVI.A high level of HBVDNA quantification may indicate highly differentiated MVI. In addition, meaningful HBVDNA quantification is of certain value for THE occurrence of MVI in HBV-associated HCC. -
Key words:
- Hepatocellular carcinoma /
- Hepatitis B virus /
- Microvascular invasion
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表 1 Child-Pugh分级
Table 1. Child-Pugh classification
项目 异常程度得分 A级 B级 C级 血清胆红素(mmol/L) < 34.2 34.2~51.3 > 51.3 血浆清蛋白(g/L) > 28 28~35 < 35 凝血酶原延长时间(s) 1~3 4~6 > 6 腹水 无 少量 中等量 肝性脑病 无 轻度 中度以上 总分5~6分者肝功能良好(A级),7~9分者肝功能中等(B级),10分以上者肝功能(C级)。 表 2 两组患者术前一般临床资料比较分析[
$\bar x \pm s$ /n(%)]Table 2. Comparison and analysis of general clinical data of two groups of patients before operation [
$\bar x \pm s$ /n(%)]项目 MVI组(n = 137) 无MVI组(n = 150) t/Z/χ2 P 年龄(岁) 53.88 ± 12.34 53.00 ± 11.22 0.630 0.763 性别(例) 男 87(63.4) 96(64.3) 0.008 0.930 女 50(36.6) 54(35.7) 抗病毒治疗(a) > 半年 24(17.8) 43(28.6) 4.973 0.026* ≤ 半年 113(82.2) 107(71.4) 注:*P < 0.05。 表 3 两组患者术前检验指标单因素分析结果[
$\bar x \pm s$ /n(%)]Table 3. Results of univariate analysis of preoperative test indicators in the two groups [
$\bar x \pm s$ /n(%)]项目 MVI组(n = 137) 无MVI组(n = 150) t/Z/χ2 P HBsAg(例) 阳性 102(74.6) 96(64.3) 3.657 0.056 阴性 35(25.4) 54(35.7) HBeAg(例) 阳性 107(78.3) 105(70.1) 2.435 0.119 阴性 30(21.7) 45(29.9) HBeAb(例) 阳性 44(32.4) 36(23.8) 2.346 0.126 阴性 93(67.6) 114(76.2) HBVDNA定量( IU/mL) < 2×104 44(32.1) 26(17.0) 9.042 0.003* 2×104~2×107 87(63.5) 112(75.0) > 2×107 6(4.4) 12(8) AFP( ng/mL) < 400 36(26.4) 76(51) 12.267 0.001* ≥ 400~≤ 1000 53(38.5) 35(23) > 1000 48(35.1) 39(26) ALT(U/L) 53.88 ± 12.34 53.00 ± 11.22 0.797 0.375 AST(U/L) 55.75 ± 40.16 52.20 ± 41.06 0.740 0.784 ALB(g/L) 39.50 ± 4.55 40.27 ± 5.30 1.325 0.623 TbiL(μmol/L) 15.56 ± 10.19 19.39 ± 14.89 2.562 0.349 Child-Pugh分级 A级 127(92.5) 136(90.5) 0.387 0.534 B级 10(7.5) 14(9.5) 注:*P < 0.05。 表 4 两组患者术前影像学资料和术后病理组织学分级比较资料[n(%)]
Table 4. Comparison of preoperative imaging data and postoperative histopathological grades between the two groups [n(%)]
项目 MVI组(n = 137) 无MVI组(n = 150) Z/χ2 P 肿瘤数目(个) 1 118(85.9) 129(85.7) 0.001 0.974 > 1 19(14.1) 21(14.3) 肿瘤直径(cm) ≤ 3 25(18.3) 18(11.9) 2.195 0.139 > 3 112(81.7) 132(88.1) 肝硬化 存在 15(11.3) 25(16.7) 1.952 0.162 不存在 122(88.7) 125(83.3) 病理学检查(Edmonson分级) Ⅰ/Ⅱ级 16(11.9) 41(27.2) 11.025 0.001* Ⅲ/Ⅳ级 121(88.1) 109(72.8) 注:*P < 0.05。 表 5 多因素Logistic回归分析
Table 5. Multivariate logistic regression analysis
影响因素 OR值 95%可信区间 P 抗病毒治疗(> 半年 vs ≤半年) 0.440 0.23~0.84 0.002* HBVDNA定量( IU/mL) < 2×104 0.934 0.174~5.018 0.685 2×104~2×107 2.793 0.821~9.504 0.036* > 2×107 2.403 0.406~14.216 0.180 AFP( ng/mL) < 400 0.587 0.109~3.137 0.428 ≥ 400~≤ 1000 0.313 0.513~5.942 0.023* > 1000 0.454 0.254~8.886 0.113 Edmonson分级(Ⅰ/Ⅱ级 vs Ⅲ/Ⅳ级) 0.518 0.245~1.099 0.078 注:*P < 0.05。 表 6 MVI严重程度与HBVDNA定量的关系[n(%)]
Table 6. The relationship between the severity of MVI and the quantification of HBVDNA [n(%)]
HBVDNA定量( IU/mL) MVI Z P 无 M1 M2 < 2×104 26(17) 7(8) 3(6) 6.669 0.036* ≥ 2×104 124(83) 80(92) 47(94) 注:*P < 0.05。 表 7 各独立危险因素ROC曲线下面积
Table 7. Area under the ROC curve of each independent risk factor
检验结果变量 面积 标准误a 渐进 Sig b 渐近 95% 置信区间 下限 上限 HBVDNA .885 .037 .000 .812 .958 AFP .679 .053 .002 .574 .784 检验结果变量:HBVDNA, AFP 在正的和负的实际状态组之间至少有一个结果。统计量可能会出现偏差。a. 在非参数假设下;b. 零假设:实面积 = 0.5。 -
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