Clinical Application of Vectorcardiogram in Diagnosis of Left Ventricular Abnormalities in Hypertension
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摘要:
目的 探讨心电向量图(vectorcardiogram,VCG)对高血压病早期左心室异常的诊断价值。 方法 对76例高血压病患者在同一次就诊或同一次住院的心电图(electrocardiogram,ECG)、心电向量图(VCG)和超声心动图(ultrasonic cardiogram,UCG)进行回顾性分析。以VCG的起始向量测量值、空间最大向量测量值与UCG的室间隔测量值、左室后壁测量值、左室舒张末期内径测量值作为左心室异常的指标,比较二者阳性检出情况;比较VCG与ECG在左心室电活动异常的检出情况。 结果 VCG在左心室异常的检出率为55.3%,较UCG的检出率 38.2%明显增高(P < 0.05);VCG在左心室电活动异常的阳性检出率为88.2%,显著高于ECG的阳性检出率71.1%(P < 0.01);以VCG为标准,ECG对左室电活动异常指标的漏诊情况为:T环异常18项、左心室高电压4项、分支阻滞3项。 结论 VCG对高血压病早期左心室异常具有一定诊断优势,尤其可及早发现心室复极异常,与UCG联合运用可提高早期左心室异常阳性检出率。 Abstract:Objective To evaluate the application value of vectorcardiogram (VCG) in the diagnosis of left ventricular abnormalities in the early stage of hypertension. Methods The electrocardiogram (ECG), VCG and ultrasonic cardiogram (UCG) of 76 patients with essential hypertension at the same visit or during same hospitalization period were retrospectively analyzed. The initial vector and spatial maximum vector of VCG were used as the indicators of left ventricular abnormality, as well as the interventricular septum, left ventricular posterior wall and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter of UCG. The positive detection of the two were compared; and the detection of VCG and ECG in abnormal left ventricular electrical activity was compared. Results The detection rate of VCG in left ventricular abnormality was 55.3%, which was significantly higher than that of UCG (38.2%, P < 0.05).The positive rate of VCG in abnormal left ventricular electrical activity was 88.2%, which was significantly higher than that of ECG (71.1%, P < 0.01). Using VCG as the standard, ECG missed diagnosis of abnormal indicators of left ventricular electrical activity: 18 T-ring abnormalities, 4 left ventricular high voltage, and 3 branch block. Conclusion VCG has certain diagnostic advantages for early left ventricular abnormality in hypertension, especially for early detection of ventricular repolarization abnormality. Combined application with UCG can improve the positive detection rate of early left ventricular abnormality. -
Key words:
- Vectorcardiogram /
- Hypertension /
- Left ventricular abnormalities /
- The early stage
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表 1 UCG与VCG对左心室异常检出情况比较( n)
Table 1. Comparison of left ventricular abnormalities detection between UCG and VCG (n)
检查方法 检出 未检出 合计 检出率(%) UCG 29 47 76 38.2 VCG 42 34 76 55.3* 合计 71 81 152 53.3 与UCG比较,*P < 0.05。 表 2 VCG与ECG阳性检出率比较(n)
Table 2. Comparison of the positive detection rate between VCGand ECG (n)
检查方法 检出 未检出 合计 检出率(%) ECG 54 22 76 71.1 VCG 67 9 76 88.2* 合计 121 31 152 53.3 与ECG比较,*P < 0.05。 表 3 ECG和VCG电活动异常检出情况[项(%)]
Table 3. Detection rate of abnormal ECG and VCG electrical activity [ piece(%)]
检出情况 VCG ECG P 除极异常 3(3.9) 8(10.5) 0.12 除极与复极均异常 21(27.6) 12(15.8) 0.08 复极异常 43(56.6) 34(44.7) 0.11 表 4 ECG对心电异常漏诊情况
Table 4. Missed diagnosis of abnormal ECG by ECG
漏诊项目 漏检数(项) 心室复极异常(T环异常) 18 左心室高电压 4 分支阻滞 3 合计 25 -
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