Effect of Establishment of Chest Pain Center on the Treatment Efficiency of Acute Myocardial Infarction
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摘要:
目的 对某三甲医院胸痛中心成立前后的急性心肌梗死住院患者的流行病学特征进行对比分析,为胸痛中心提高对急性心肌梗死患者的救治效率提供科学依据。 方法 回顾性调查该院胸痛中心成立前后10 a间收治的4 445例急性心肌梗死病例,分为成立前组(852例)及成立后组(3 593例),对其病案首页相关数据进行统计分析。 结果 胸痛中心成立后,联勤保障部队第九二〇医院年均收治AMI患者较成立前增加超过3倍。3个显著增加:通过急诊入院的患者显著增加(P < 0.001);手术病例,特别是PCI病例占比显著提高,66.5%的患者植入一个及以上的血管支架( P < 0.001);医保病人占比显著增加( P < 0.001)。3个显著下降,死亡率显著下降( P < 0.01);术前住院日显著下降( P < 0.05);住院费用显著下降( P < 0.001)。 结论 胸痛中心的建设,极大提高了医院对AMI患者救治的效率和质量。在对AMI患者救治中,应针对其流行病学特征,采取预防及控制措施。 Abstract:Objective To provide scientific basis for improving the treatment efficiency of chest pain center for patients with acute myocardial infarction, comparing and analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of hospitalized patients with acute myocardial infarction before and after the establishment of chest pain center in a Grade III Level A hospital. Methods A retrospective investigation was conducted on 4445 cases of acute myocardial infarction admitted to the chest pain center of the hospital before and after the establishment of the center in 10 years. Study subjects were divided into the pre-establishment group (852 cases) and the post-establishment group (3593 cases), and the relevant data on the first page of the medical records were statistically analyzed. Results After the establishment of chest pain center, the number of AMI patients admitted to the hospital increased by more than 3 times. There were significant increases in three important variables: the number of patients admitted through emergency care got significantly larger (P < 0.001); the proportion of surgical cases, especially PCI cases, significantly increased ( P < 0.001), and 66.5% of patients were implanted with one or more stents ( P < 0.001); the proportion of patients who used national medical insurance increased significantly ( P < 0.001). There were significant increases in three important variables: the mortality rate among admitted patients decreased significantly ( P < 0.001); the length of hospital stay before operation reduced significantly ( P < 0.05); the cost of hospitalization has dropped significantly ( P < 0.05). Conclusions The construction of Chest Pain Center has greatly improved the efficiency and quality for AMI patients. In the treatment of AMI patients, preventive and control measures should be taken according to its epidemiological characteristics. -
Key words:
- Chest Pain Center /
- Acute myocardial infarction /
- Epidemiology /
- Statistic analysis
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表 1 病例基本信息-计数资料[n(%)]
Table 1. Basic case information - enumeration data [n(%)]
项目 成立前 成立后 合计 P值 2010~2014年 2015~2019年 2010~2019年 性别 0.433 男 674(79.1) 2 799(77.9) 3 472(78.1) 女 178(20.9) 794(22.1) 973(21.9) 年龄(岁) 0.497 < 40 26(3.1) 137(3.8) 160(3.6) ≥40 < 60 334(39.2) 1 434(39.9) 1 769(39.8) ≥60 < 80 425(49.9) 1 782(49.6) 2 209(49.7) ≥80 67(7.9) 24(6.7) 307(6.9) 入院次数 0.172 首次入院 674(79.1) 2 763(76.9) 3 436(77.3) 多次入院 178(20.9) 830(23.1) 1 009(22.7) 院内感染 0.649 无 843(98.9) 3 561(99.1) 有 9(1.1) 32(0.9) 支付方式 0.001 医保 656(77.0) 3 122(86.9) 3 778(85.0) 自费 170(20.0) 438(12.2) 609(13.7) 其他 26(3.1) 32(0.9) 58(1.3) 入院方式 0.000 门诊 502(58.9) 1 484(41.3) 1 987(44.7) 急诊 350(41.1) 2 109(58.7) 2 458(55.3) 手术情况 0.001 无手术 78(9.2) 216(6.0) 293(6.6) 有手术 774(90.8) 3 377(94.0) 4 152(93.4) 主诊诊断转归 0.005 治愈 717(84.2) 3 158(87.9) 3 876(87.2) 好转 73(8.6) 277(7.7) 347(7.8) 死亡 58(6.8) 140(3.9) 200(4.5) 其它 3(0.4) 18(0.5) 22(0.5) 主要其他诊断 0.001 无 10(1.2) 162(4.5) 169(3.8) 高血压 148(17.4) 772(21.5) 920(20.7) 动脉粥样硬化 522(61.3) 2 141(59.6) 2 663(59.9) 其他 171(20.1) 517(14.4) 693(15.6) 表 2 病例基本信息-计量资料(
$\bar x \pm s $ )Table 2. Basic case information-measurement data (
$\bar x \pm s $ )时间 年龄(岁) 住院天数(d) 术前住院日(d) 住院费用(千元) 成立前 算数均数
± 标准差61.84 ± 12.423 9.72 ± 4.826 1.64 ± 3.1967 4.6002 ± 2.2030 中位数 62 9 1 4.6204 最小值 18 0 0 0.0667 最大值 90 53 38 17.8547 成立后 算数均数
± 标准差61.08 ± 12.454 9.52 ± 4.996 1.21 ± 2.558 4.0471 ± 1.9522 中位数 62 9 0.5 3.8389 最小值 15 0 0 0.1009 最大值 96 44 21 23.3263 Z −1.692 −1.044 −2.508 −9.196 P 0.091 0.296 0.046 0.000 表 3 病例的ICD-10编码构成(%)
Table 3. ICD-10 coding composition of cases (%)
ICD-10编码 成立前 成立后 合计 (2010~2014年) (2015~2019年) (2010~2019年) I21.0 38.6 32.1 33.3 I21.1 16.8 25.1 24.0 I21.2 20.7 12.9 14.6 I21.4 0.1 6.7 5.4 I21.9 23.8 23.2 23.4 表 4 各时段入院人次比(%)
Table 4. Ratio of hospital attendance in different time period (%)
时段 成立前 成立后 合计 (2010~2014年) (2015~2019年) (2010~2019年) 01:00-06:59 52(6.10) 420(11.70) 476(10.70) 07:00-12:59 296(34.80) 1 179(32.80) 1 471(33.10) 13:00-18:59 342(40.10) 1 286(35.80) 1 631(36.70) 19:00-24:59 162(19.00) 708(19.70) 867(19.50) 合计 852(100.0) 3 593(100.0) 4 445(100.0) 表 5 性别与年龄分布(岁)
Table 5. Distribution of sex and age (years)
性别 算术均数 ± 标准差 中位数 最小值 最大值 男 59.31 ± 12.464 59 15 96 女 68.04 ± 9.723 69 36 94 表 6 手术情况构成与住院费用比较
Table 6. Comparison of surgical composition and hospitalization costs
手术情况 成立前 成立后 合计 2010~2014年 2015~2019年 2010~2019年 构成比(%) 住院费用(元) 构成比(%) 住院费用(元) 构成比(%) 住院费用(元) 无手术 9.2 9 576 6 8 932 6.6 9 138.5 冠状动脉造影术 46.8 39 551 27.5 35 145 31.2 36 376 植入血管支架 = 1 24.9 47 116.5 40.6 35 597.5 37.6 37 991.5 植入血管支架 = 2 15.7 52 598 20 46 109.5 19.2 47 363 植入血管支架 = 3 3.2 64 577 5.8 56 534 5.3 57 366.5 植入血管支架≥4 0.2 8 8074.5 0.2 79 315 0.2 79 315 合计 100.0 46 204.5 100.0 38 389.0 100.0 39 836.0 表 7 成立前后住院费用(元)
Table 7. Hospitalization expenses before and after establishment (yuan)
费用 成立前 成立后 2010~2019年 P值 2010~2014年 2015~2019年 最小值 最大值 床位费 327.5 300.0 0 12 470 < 0.001 药费 6 351.5 6 305.0 91 88 081 0.187 检验费 1 406.5 1 858.0 0 29 493 < 0.001 检查费 1 917.5 1 769.0 0 13 156 < 0.001 治疗费 34 270.0 26 291.0 28 114 876 < 0.001 护理费 748.5 618.0 0 8 905 < 0.001 总费用 46 204.5 38 389.0 667 233 263 < 0.001 -
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