Association between Calcitonin Receptor Gene Polymorphism and Type 2 Diabetes with Osteoporosis in Kunming
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摘要:
目的 研究降钙素受体(CTR)基因多态性与昆明地区2型糖尿病(T2DM)伴骨质疏松症的相关性,探讨T2DM伴骨质疏松症发病的遗传性易感因素。 方法 收集2017年6月至2019年1月在昆明市第一人民医院甘美医院内分泌科住院的T2DM患者237例,按骨密度结果分为T2DM无骨质疏松组(A组)61例,T2DM合并骨量减少组(B组)111例,T2DM伴骨质疏松组(C组)65例,采用聚合酶链反应(PCR-RFLP),限制性片段长度多态性技术,对3组人群的CTR基因进行多态性分析;比较3组患者性别、年龄、糖尿病病程、血压、身高、体重、体重指数(BMI)、空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、血钙、血脂、血尿酸(UA)、维生素D浓度、雌激素、睾酮水平,超敏C-反应蛋白(Hs-CRP)、纤维蛋白原(FIB),口服葡萄糖耐量(OGTT)-0 h、2 h血糖,0 h、2 h胰岛素(INS)水平,胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)临床指标;同时比较237例T2DM及65例T2DM伴骨质疏松患者CTR基因型中不同部位的骨密度;将CTR基因型及3组间具有统计学差异的临床等指标进行多因素Logistic回归分析。 结果 (1)昆明地区T2DM和T2DM伴骨质疏松症患者,CTR基因型以CC型为主;(2)A、B、C3组,CTR基因型分布频率差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05),3组CTR等位基因C、T的分布频率差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05);(3)3组患者年龄、身高、体重、BMI比较,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05),且两两比较,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.017);(4)T2DM及T2DM伴骨质疏松症患者中,CTR不同基因型在各部位的骨密度差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05);(5)多因素Logistic回归分析显示:年龄是昆明地区T2DM伴骨质疏松症的独立危险因素。 结论 (1)昆明地区T2DM和T2DM伴骨质疏松症患者CTR基因分布以CC型为主;(2)T2DM骨量正常组,T2DM骨量减少组,T2DM伴骨质疏松症患者中,CTR基因型分布频率,等位基因分布频率无显著差异;T2DM及T2DM伴骨质疏松患者中,CTR不同基因型在各部位的骨密度无差异,CTR基因型可能与昆明地区T2DM及T2DM伴骨质疏松症的遗传易感性无关;(3)BMI是昆明地区T2DM无骨质疏松症的保护性因素,适当增加体重对防治T2DM并发骨质疏松有积极的意义;(4)年龄是昆明地区T2DM伴骨质疏松症的独立危险因素。 -
关键词:
- 降钙素受体基因多态性 /
- 2型糖尿病 /
- 骨质疏松症
Abstract:Objective To study the relationship between calcitonin receptor (CTR) gene polymorphism and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with osteoporosis in Kunming area, and to explore the genetic predisposing factors of T2DM with osteoporosis. Methods A total of 237 T2DM patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology, Ganmei Hospital, the First People’ s Hospital of Kunming from June 2017 to January 2019 were collected. According to the results of bone mineral density, they were divided into T2DM without osteoporosis (group A), 61 cases, and T2DM combined with osteopenia (Group B), 111 cases, T2DM with osteoporosis group (Group C) 65 cases. By using polymerase chain reaction (PCR-RFLP) and restriction fragment length polymorphism technology, we analyzed the CTR gene polymorphism of the three groups of people, and compared the three groups of patients with gender, age, diabetes course, blood pressure, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood calcium, blood lipids, blood uric acid (UA), vitamins D concentration, estrogen, testosterone levels, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP), fibrinogen (FIB), oral glucose tolerance (OGTT) -0 h, 2 h blood glucose, 0 h, 2 h insulin (INS) levels, insulin Resistance index(HOMA-IR)clinical indicators. We also compared the bone mineral density of different parts of the CTR genotype in 237 cases of T2DM and 65 cases of T2DM with osteoporosis, and compared the CTR genotype and the clinical indicators with statistical differences between the three groups Multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results (1) In patients with T2DM and T2DM with osteoporosis in Kunming area. The CTR genotype was mainly type CC. (2) There was no significant difference in the distribution frequency of CTR genotype between the three groups A, B and C (P > 0.05)). The distribution frequencies of CTR alleles C and T in the three groups were not statistically different (P > 0.05). (3) There was a statistically significant difference in the age, height, weight, and BMI of the three groups of patients (P < 0.05). And pairwise comparison, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.017). (4) In patients with T2DM and T2DM with osteoporosis, the difference in bone mineral density of different CTR genotypes at each site was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). (5) Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age was an independent risk factor for T2DM with osteoporosis in Kunming. Conclusions (1) In patients with T2DM and T2DM with osteoporosis in Kunming, the CTR gene distribution is mainly of type CC. (2) In patients with T2DM with normal bone mass, T2DM with osteopenia, and T2DM with osteoporosis, CTR has no significant difference in the frequency of genotype distribution and allele distribution frequency; In patients with T2DM and T2DM with osteoporosis, the bone density of different CTR genotypes did not differ at each site. The CTR genotype may have nothing with genetic susceptibility in T2DM and T2DM with bone in Kunming. (3) BMI is a protective factor for T2DM without osteoporosis in Kunming, and proper weight gain has a positive significance in preventing and treating T2DM with osteoporosis. (4) Age is an independent risk factors for T2DM with osteoporosis in Kunming. -
Key words:
- Calcitonin receptor gene polymorphism /
- Type 2 diabetes /
- Osteoporosis
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表 1 DNA提取所需试剂及仪器
Table 1. Reagents and instruments required for DNA extraction
试剂及仪器 来源 DNA提取试剂盒 AXYGEN公司 DNA聚合酶(2 × Taq Master Mix) Bioteke公司 引物 昆明硕擎公司合成 普通PCR仪 美国应用生物系统公司:ABI2720 各种规格的离心管、枪尖、PCR管、一次性乳胶手套和口罩 NSET公司 表 2 研究对象的一般资料比较[(
$\bar x \pm s$ ),M(P25,P75)]Table 2. Comparison of general data of study subjects [(
$\bar x \pm s$ ),M(P25,P75)]指标/分组 A组(61例) B组(111例) C组(65例) χ2/F/Z P 性别(男/女)) 46/15 61/50 # 15/50* # & 18.286 0.000 年龄(岁) 61.65 ± 8.16 64.79 ± 10.15# 66.33 ± 6.77* # & 4.573 0.011 吸烟(是/否) 24/37 32/79 11/54* # 7.833 0.020 饮酒(是/否) 17/44 29/82 6/59* # & 8.518 0.014 绝经年龄(女,岁) 50(48,54) 50(48,52) 50(48,51) −0.744 0.457 糖尿病病程(a) 9.18 ± 7.34 10.11 ± 7.46 8.69 ± 7.36 0.805 0.449 收缩压(mmHg) 126.77 ± 22.50 129.07 ± 19.73 125.77 ± 22.54 0.543 0.582 舒张压(mmHg) 80.77 ± 11.51 78.64 ± 10.27 74.97 ± 12.30*# 4.364 0.014 身高(m) 167.64 ± 7.32 164.12 ± 8.04 # 158.13 ± 7.21* # & 24.880 0.000 体重(kg) 71.02 ± 11.16 65.85 ± 9.94 # 59.07 ± 10.45* # & 20.955 0.000 体重指数(kg/m2) 25.26 ± 2.77 24.29 ± 2.75 # 23.40 ± 3.21* # 6.369 0.002 TC(mmol/L) 4.94 ± 1.59 4.57 ± 1.22 4.90 ± 1.02 2.122 0.122 TG(mmol/L) 2.13(1.32,3.25) 1.65(1.19,2.26) 1.79(1.30,2.41) −2.163 0.051 HDLC(mmol/L) 1.09 ± 0.34 1.15 ± 0.28 1.23 ± 0.31* # 3.410 0.035 LDLC(mmol/L) 2.79 ± 1.14 2.82 ± 0.99 3.15 ± 1.01 2.389 0.094 FPG(mmol/L) 8.63(7.31,12.29) 8.55(6.85,11.19) 8.13(6.58,10.97) −1.297 0.195 HBA1c(%) 8.60 ± 1.91 8.32 ± 2.04 8.06 ± 1.76 1.199 0.303 OGTT-0 h(mmol/L) 8.09 ± 2.29 8.25 ± 2.06 8.13 ± 2.71 0.093 0.911 OGTT-2 h(mmol/L) 17.86 ± 3.19 18.29 ± 4.60 17.81 ± 4.73 0.223 0.800 INS-0 h(mIU/L) 15.36(9.50,21.35) 15.64(7.83,32.75) 15.23(8.23,25.83) −0.426 0.670 INS-2 h(mIU/L) 34.79(23.12,58.31) 41.12(25.93,67.58) 52.49(35.09,81.46) −1.300 0.194 HOMR-IR 4.77(2.69,9.08) 5.23(2.65,11.2) 4.98(2.37,8.86) −0.492 0.623 UA(μmol/L) 354.05 ± 86.92 342.32 ± 99.48 314.82 ± 92.09 2.909 0.057 血钙(mmol/L) 2.33 ± 0.11 2.31 ± 0.12 2.32 ± 0.12 0.722 0.487 雌激素
(pmol/L)116.90(80.73,152.44,) 90.42(60.97,140.19) 81.12(58.63,98.22)* # −1.949 0.041 睾酮(nmol/L) 9.13(1.94,14.85) 5.17(1.32,12.09) 1.57(1.17,2.38)* # & −2.281 0.023 维生素D(ng/ml) 18.15 ± 9.72 16.78 ± 6.16 16.00 ± 5.71 1.403 0.248 Hs-CRP(mg/L) 1.72(0.61,3.02) 1.70(0.50,2.69) 1.06(0.50,3.16) −0.368 0.713 FIB(g/L) 2.89 ± 0.70 2.77 ± 0.64 2.80 ± 0.72 0.599 0.550 总体比较:*P < 0.05;两两比较:与A组比较,#P < 0.05;与B组比较,&P < 0.05。 表 3 CTR基因型分布频率比较[n(%)]
Table 3. Comparison of CTR genotypes distribution frequency [n(%)]
组别/基因型 CC CT 合计 A组 49(80.3) 12(19.7) 61 B组 83(74.8) 28(25.2) 111 C组 49(75.4) 16(24.6) 65 合计n 181 56 237 注:χ2 = 0.721,P = 0.697。 表 4 CTR等位基因分布频率
Table 4. CTR allele frequency distribution
组别/基因型 频数 C T A组 122 110 12 B组 222 194 28 C组 130 114 16 注:χ2 = 0.624,P = 0.732。 表 5 CTR基因多态性与T2DM患者BMD的关系[(g/cm2),(
$\bar x \pm s $ )]Table 5. The relationship between the CTR gene polymorphism and BMD of T2DM patients [(g/cm2),(
$\bar x \pm s $ )]指标/分组 CC组(181例) CT组(56例) F/Z P 腰1 0.936 ± 0.165 0.943 ± 0.157 −0.232 0.817 腰2 1.013 ± 0.197 1.006 ± 0.187 0.182 0.856 腰3 1.053 ± 0.199 1.066 ± 0.196 −0.347 0.730 腰4 1.082 ± 0.202 1.078 ± 0.200 0.105 0.916 左股骨颈 0.863 ± 0.197 0.874 ± 0.162 −0.302 0.763 左全髋 0.918(0.821,1.055) 0.983(0.849,1.033) −0.643 0.520 右股骨颈 0.823(0.731,0.960) 0.870(0.753,1.002) −0.699 0.485 右全髋 0.915 ± 0.195 0.929 ± 0.135 −0.378 0.706 表 6 CTR基因多态性与T2DM伴骨质疏松症患者BMD的关系[(g/cm2),(
$\bar x \pm s $ )]Table 6. The relationship between the CTR gene polymorphism and BMD of T2DM patients with osteoporosis [(g/cm2),(
$\bar x \pm s $ )]指标/分组 CC组(49例) CT组(16例) F/Z P 腰1 0.811 ± 0.114 0.753 ± 0.100 1.420 0.162 腰2 0.858 ± 0.115 0.786 ± 0.085 1.759 0.085 腰3 0.899 ± 0.135 0.844 ± 0.096 1.167 0.249 腰4 0.930 ± 0.171 0.846 ± 0.106 1.416 0.163 左股骨颈 0.714(0.623,0.755) 0.673(0.646,0.702) −1.303 0.196 左全髋 0.751(0.687,0.837) 0.740(0.685,0.819) −0.416 0.694 右股骨颈 0.712(0.655,0.747) 0.692(0.645,0.755) −0.437 0.676 右全髋 0.744 ± 0.107 0.757 ± 0.090 −0.301 0.765 表 7 Logistic回归分析结果
Table 7. Logistic analysis results
因素 B P OR值 95%CI CTR −0.254 0.646 0.776 0.262~2.295 性别 0.570 0.563 1.768 0.256~12.206 年龄 0.106 0.004 1.112 1.034~1.196 DBP 0.006 0.787 1.006 0.963~1.051 身高 −0.091 0.241 0.913 0.785~1.063 体重 −0.021 0.780 0.979 0.843~1.137 BMI −0.066 0.763 0.937 0.612~1.434 HDL-C 0.350 0.698 1.419 0.242~8.320 雌激素 0.000 0.975 1.000 0.994~1.006 睾酮 −0.137 0.050 0.872 0.760~1.000 -
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