Effect of PTEN Gene Expression on Apoptosis of Thyroid Cancer Cells BCPAP and FTC133 and Expression of ERK and AKT
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摘要:
目的 探讨PTEN基因表达对甲状腺癌BCPAP细胞和FTC133细胞凋亡以及信号通路蛋白ERK和AKT表达的影响。 方法 BCPAP细胞和FTC133细胞经PTEN-pCMV6转染和si-PTEN RNA干扰后，光镜下观察细胞形态变化，MTT检测细胞活力，Annexin V-FITC和PI双染色流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率，Western blot检测Caspase 8、9、12、3、Bax、Bcl-2、ERK和AKT的表达水平，分析PTEN基因的不同表达与甲状腺癌BCPAP和FTC133细胞凋亡以及信号通路蛋白表达的关系。 结果 与对照组相比较，甲状腺癌BCPAP和FTC133细胞在PTEN基因过表达时，光镜下均出现细胞变形、体积缩小、核固缩等凋亡改变，细胞活力降低（P < 0.01），细胞凋亡率增加（P < 0.01），凋亡蛋白Caspase 8、9、12、3以及促凋亡蛋白Bax表达量增加（P < 0.01），抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2表达量减低（P < 0.01），ERK和AKT表达量均较对照组减低（P < 0.05），ERK的相对表达量在FTC133细胞的减低程度显著高于BCPAP细胞（P < 0.01），AKT的相对表达量减低程度在BCPAP和FTC133，差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）；PTEN基因干扰表达减低时，光镜下BCPAP和FTC133细胞数目、细胞形态、体积及细胞核形态变化、细胞活力和细胞凋亡率变化，差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）；凋亡蛋白Caspase 8、9、12、3以及促凋亡蛋白Bax表达量减低（P < 0.01），抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2表达量增加（P < 0.01），FTC133细胞ERK和AKT表达量分别较空白对照组均为增高（P < 0.01），BCPAP细胞ERK表达量较对照组增高（P < 0.01）。而AKT表达量与对照组比较，差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05），ERK的相对表达量增高程度在BCPAP和FTC133，差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05），AKT的相对表达量在FTC133细胞的增高程度显著高于BCPAP细胞（P < 0.05）。 结论 PTEN基因可促进BCPAP和FTC133细胞凋亡，线粒体途径、死亡受体途径和内质网激活通路均参与BCPAP和FTC133细胞凋亡的过程，ERK在PTEN基因调控BCPAP细胞凋亡发挥重要作用，而AKT和ERK均参与PTEN基因促进FTC133凋亡的过程。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the effect of PTEN gene expression on the apoptosis of BCPAP cells and FTC133 thyroid cancer cells and on the expression of signal pathway proteins ERK and AKT. Methods BCPAP cells and FTC133 cells were transfected with PTEN-pCMV6 and silenced si-PTEN RNA, before the cell microscopic morphology changes were observed. Cell viability was measured by MTT, and apoptosis rate was measured by Annexin V-FITC and PI double staining flow cytometer, respectively. Furthermore, the protein expression levels of ERK, AKT, Bax, Bcl-2, caspase 8, 9, 12 and 3 were detected by Western blot. The association between different expression of PTEN gene and the apoptosis of BCPAP and FTC133 thyroid cancer cells and the expression of signal pathway proteins were analyzed. Results Compared with control group, when the PTEN gene was overexpressed, BCPAP and FTC133 thyroid cancer cells showed microscopic apoptotic changes such as deformation, volume reduction and nuclear pyknosis. The cell viability was decreased （P < 0.01）, and the cell apoptosis rate was increased （P < 0.01）. The expression levels of the apoptotic proteins caspase 8, 9, 12, 3, and proapoptotic protein Bax were significantly increased （P < 0.01）, and the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was significantly decreased （P < 0.01）, the expression of ERK and AKT were decreased （P < 0.05）. The reduction degree of ERK relative expression in FTC133 cells was significantly higher than that in BCPAP cells （P < 0.01）, while the reduction degree of AKT relative expression in BCPAP and FTC133 cells was not statistically significant （P > 0.05）. After PTEN gene silencing, compared with the control group, the number, cell morphology, volume and nuclear morphology of BCPAP and FTC133 were not significantly different （P > 0.05）. The change of cell viability and apoptosis rate were not significantly different （P > 0.05）. The expression levels of apoptotic proteins caspase 8, 9, 12, 3, and proapoptotic protein Bax was significantly decreased （P < 0.01）, and the expression level of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 were significantly increased （P < 0.01）. The expression levels of ERK and AKT in FTC133 cells were higher than those in the control group （P < 0.01）, and the expression levels of ERK in BCPAP cells were higher than those in the control group （P < 0.01）. Compared with the control group, there was no statistically significant difference in the expression level of AKT （P > 0.05）. The relative expression level of ERK increased in BCPAP and FTC133, but there was no statistically significant difference （P > 0.05）. The relative expression level of AKT increased in FTC133 cells than that in BCPAP cells （P < 0.05）. Conclusion PTEN gene promotes the apoptosis of BCPAP and FTC133 cells. Mitochondrial pathway, death receptor pathway and endoplasmic reticulum activation pathway are all involved in the process of BCPAP and FTC133 cell apoptosis. ERK plays an important role in PTEN gene regulation of BCPAP cell apoptosis, while AKT and ERK both are involved in the process of PTEN gene promoting FTC133 apoptosis. -
Key words:
- PTEN /
- Thyroid cancer /
- Apoptosis /
- ERK /
- AKT
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图 1 PTEN基因表达变化BCPAP细胞凋亡的光镜下表现（× 200）
A：空白对照组；B：过表达组；C：干扰组。
Figure 1. The apoptosis of BCPAP with different PTEN expression levels （× 200）
图 2 PTEN基因表达变化FTC133细胞凋亡的光镜下表现（× 200）
A：空白对照组；B：过表达组；C：干扰组。
Figure 2. The apoptosis of FTC133 with different PTEN expression levels （× 200）
图 3 PTEN基因表达变化流式细胞仪检测BCPAP和FTC133细胞凋亡率
A：BCPAP细胞凋亡情况；B：BCPAP细胞凋亡率；C:FTC133细胞凋亡情况；D：FTC133细胞凋亡率。 与对照组比较，**P < 0.01。
Figure 3. The apoptosis rate of BCPAP and FTC133 by cytometer with different PTEN expression levels
图 4 PTEN基因表达变化Western blot检测BCPAP和FTC133细胞相关蛋白表达
A：BCPAP细胞各相关因子Western印迹蛋白表达；B：BCPAP细胞各相关因子相对表达水平；C：FTC133细胞各相关因子Western印迹蛋白表达；D：FTC133细胞各相关因子相对表达水平。 与对照组比较，*P < 0.05，**P < 0.01，***P < 0.001。
Figure 4. The protein’s expression of BCPAP and FTC133 by Western blot with different PTEN expression levels
表 1 PTEN基因表达变化MTT检测BCPAP和FTC133细胞OD值及细胞活力(
$\bar x \pm s$ ）Table 1. The OD and cell viability of BCPAP and FTC133 detected by MTT with different PTEN expression levels （
$\bar x \pm s$ ）组别 BCPAP FTC133 OD 细胞活力（%） OD 细胞活力（%） 空白对照组 1.506 ± 0.165 100.00 ± 10.97 0.813 ± 0.123 100.00 ± 15.20 PTEN过表达组 0.345 ± 0.117* 22.92 ± 7.76* 0.040 ± 0.008* 4.91 ± 0.95* P < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 PTEN干扰组 1.804 ± 0.086* 109.75 ± 8.17 0.943 ± 0.050* 112.66 ± 7.49 P < 0.001 0.082 0.032 0.051 与对照组比较，*P < 0.05。 
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表 2 PTEN基因表达变化Western blot检测BCPAP和FTC133细胞ERK和AKT表达（
$\bar x \pm s $ ）Table 2. The expression of ERK and AKT of BCPAP and FTC133 by Western blot with different PTEN expression levels （
$\bar x \pm s $ ）分组 BCPAP FTC133 ERK AKT ERK AKT 对照组 115.90 ± 4.41 140.04 ± 8.45 148.38 ± 5.39 126.76 ± 4.24 PTEN过表达组 95.02 ± 7.19* 112.45 ± 5.44* 101.43 ± 8.00* 82.76 ± 5.17* P 0.009 0.002 < 0.001 < 0.001 PTEN干扰组 156.47 ± 7.87* 147.49 ± 5.05 179.55 ± 6.59* 150.91 ± 6.63* P < 0.001 0.210 0.001 0.002 与对照组比较，*P < 0.05。
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