Application of Myocardial Ischemia Preconditioning in Paclitaxel-Eluting Coronary Balloon Dilatation Coronary Angioplasty Catheterization
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摘要:
目的 评价心肌缺血预适应在紫杉醇释放冠脉球囊导管术中应用价值。 方法 纳入行紫杉醇释放冠脉球囊导管患者210名,随机分为3组,一组为对照组,术中依据手术常规行药物球囊扩张术;二组为半分钟预适应组,在药物球囊扩张前,间隔3 min 2次应用非顺应性球囊扩张狭窄部位30 s;三组为1 min适应组,在药物球囊扩张前,间隔3 min 2次应用非顺应性球囊扩张狭窄部位60 s。所有患者行冠脉SYNTAX II评分,记录经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术(percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty,PTCA)术前及术后24 h肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、心肌肌钙蛋白 I(cTnI)数值,记录术中发生心绞痛、快速型心律失常、缓慢型心律失常的情况,并随访所有患者术后180 d内发生 MACE事件(包括包括心脏死亡、心肌梗死、心力衰竭、心脏原因再次入院、靶血管再次血运重建)及临床症状改善的情况。 结果 (1) 3组患者PTCA术前CK、CK-MB、cTnI,以及术中发生心绞痛、快速型心律失常、缓慢型心律失常的情况,差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05),1 min适应组患者在PTCA术后24 h的CK、CK-MB、cTnI显著低于对照组及半分钟预适应组(P < 0.05);(2) 1 min适应组患者在PTCA术后180 d内 MACE事件发生率及临床症状改善情况显著优于对照组及半分钟预适应组(P < 0.05)。 结论 (1) 心肌缺血预适应在紫杉醇释放冠脉球囊导管术中应用可减少心肌坏死;(2)心肌缺血预适应在紫杉醇释放冠脉球囊导管术中应用可改善PTCA术预后及临床症状。 -
关键词:
- 缺血预适应 /
- 紫杉醇释放冠脉球囊导管 /
- 药物涂层球囊 /
- 冠脉SYNTAX II评分 /
- 经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术 /
- 主要不良心血管事件
Abstract:Objective To evaluate the efficacy of myocardial ischemic preconditioning in paclitaxel eluting PTCA balloon catheter. Methods A total of 210 patients who underwent paclitaxel eluting PTCA balloon catheter were randomly divided into 3 groups. The control group received percutaneous paclitaxel eluting coronary balloon dilatation coronary angioplasty was performed according to the routine operation; The second group, half minute ischemic preconditioning group, received non compliant balloon dilation twice for 30 seconds interval 3 minutes. The third group, minute ischemic preconditioning group, received non compliant balloon dilation was applied twice for 60 seconds interval 3 minutes. Coronary SYNTAX II scores were recorded for all patients, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), the values of creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) were recorded before and 24 hours after operation. All patients were followed up for MACE events (including cardiac death, myocardial infarction, heart failure, cardiac readmission, target vessel re-vascularization) and improvement of clinical symptoms within 180 days after surgery. Results (1) There was no significant difference in myocardial injury markers before PTCA, occurrence of angina pectoris, tachyarrhythmia and bradyarrhythmia during PTCA among the three groups (P>0.05), but the myocardial injury markers 24 hours after PTCA in 1 minute ischemic preconditioning group was significantly lower than that in the control group and half minute preconditioning group (P < 0.05); (2) The incidence of MACE events and the improvement of clinical symptoms within 180 days after PTCA in 1 minute ischemic preconditioning group were significantly better than those in the control group and half minute preconditioning group (P < 0.05). Conclusion (1) Myocardial ischemic preconditioning in paclitaxel eluting coronary balloon catheter can reduce myocardial injury; (2) Myocardial ischemic preconditioning in paclitaxel eluting coronary balloon catheter can improve the prognosis and clinical symptoms of PTCA. -
表 1 3组患者的临床特征(
$\bar x \pm s $ )Table 1. Clinical features of patients in 3 groups (
$\bar x \pm s $ )临床特征 对照组(n=70) 半分钟预适应组(n=70) 1min预适应组(n =70) t/χ2 P 年龄(岁) 44.74 ± 7.69 43.63 ± 8.41 44.59 ± 7.56 1.941 0.410 男性[n(%)] 45(64.2) 43(61.4) 48(68.5) 1.972 0.782 糖尿病[n(%)] 21(30.0) 23(32.8) 19(27.1) 1.444 0.187 高血压[n(%)] 15(21.4) 14(20.0) 16(22.8) 1.593 0.213 吸烟[n(%)] 32(45.7) 29(41.4) 35(50.0) 2.474 0.254 心脑血管病家族史[n(%)] 33(47.1) 32(45.7) 36(51.4) 2.200 0.292 ALT(U) 35.7 ± 16.59 33.2 ± 14.12 34.6 ± 12.15 1.731 0.597 AST(U) 31.2 ± 12.24 31.6 ± 11.23 31.9 ± 12.73 1.752 0.713 Scr(μmol/L) 75.4 ± 23.05 74.9 ± 17.05 75.1 ± 16.05 1.809 0.672 TC(mmol/L) 4.76 ± 0.85 4.78 ± 0.97 4.72 ± 0.96 1.904 0.704 TG(mmol/L) 1.90 ± 0.97 1.95 ± 1.07 1.89 ± 1.79 1.778 0.623 LDL-C(mmol/L) 3.55 ± 1.01 3.73 ± 0.92 3.47 ± 0.77 1.807 0.674 HDL-C(mmol/L) 1.26 ± 0.28 1.29 ± 0.31 1.27 ± 0.63 1.884 0.790 左心室射血分数(%) 42.42 ± 12.24 44.12 ± 10.29 43.19 ± 11.27 1.771 0.761 左心室舒张末期内径(mm) 49.31 ± 10.34 50.33 ± 8.36 51.27 ± 9.29 1.750 0.797 表 2 3组患者的合并用药情况[n(%)]
Table 2. Medication combination in 3 groups [n(%)]
合并用药 对照组 (n = 70) 半分钟预适应组 (n = 70) 1min预适应组(n = 70) χ2 P 阿斯匹林 54(77.1) 50(71.4) 52(74.2) 1.812 0.217 吲哚布芬 16(22.9) 20(28.6) 18(25.8) 1.772 0.245 氯吡格雷 61(84.7) 63(90.0) 60(83.3) 1.583 0.216 替格瑞洛 9(15.3) 7(10.0) 10(16.7) 1.907 0.254 低分子肝素 12(17.1) 15(21.4) 13(18.5) 1.885 0.218 β-受体阻滞剂 34(48.5) 37(52.8) 36(51.4) 1.930 0.253 Ⅱb/Ⅲa 5(7.1) 5(7.1) 6(8.2) 1.837 0.257 比伐芦丁 6(8.2) 6(8.2) 7(10.0) 2.013 0.271 降糖药物 20(28.5) 21(30.0) 19(27.1) 1.834 0.200 ACEI/ARB/ARNI 14(20.0) 13(18.5) 14(20.0) 1.887 0.255 表 3 3组患者的冠脉SYNTAX II评分及PTCA治疗情况(
$\bar x \pm s $ )Table 3. Coronary SYNTAX II score and PTCA treatment in 3 groups (
$\bar x \pm s $ )冠脉SYNTAX II评分PTCA情况 对照组 (n = 70) 半分钟预适应组 (n = 70) 1min预适应组(n = 70) t P SYNTAX II评分(分) 22.86 ± 8.59 21.63 ± 9.42 21.1 ± 7.42 2.881 0.224 平均靶血管狭窄程度(%) 87.4 ± 11.3 87.3 ± 12.6 88.3 ± 11.6 1.857 0.216 平均球囊直径(mm) 3.37 ± 0.81 3.40 ± 0.42 3.46 ± 0.32 1.752 0.257 平均球囊长度(mm) 23.1 ± 4.40 24.6 ± 3.84 24.1 ± 7.55 1.790 0.291 表 4 心肌坏死标志物变化及心律失常、心绞痛情况(
$\bar x \pm s $ )Table 4. Changes of myocardial injury markers and symptoms of arrhythmia and angina pectoris (
$\bar x \pm s $ )心肌损伤标志物变化术中症状 对照组
(n = 70)半分钟预适应组
(n = 70)1 min预适应组
(n = 70)t/χ2 P 术前 CK(U/L) 623.3 ± 506.1 609.3 ± 595.4 618.3 ± 574.3 2.854 0.290 CK-MB(U/L) 60.7 ± 39.9 60.7 ± 39.9 60.7 ± 39.9 1.852 0.214 cTnI(ng/mL) 2.3 ± 1.32 2.3 ± 1.32 2.3 ± 1.32 1.754 0.256 术后24h CK(U/L) 867.5 ± 437.3 855.5 ± 438.3 659.5 ± 448.3 4.631 0.023 CK-MB(U/L) 77.1 ± 36.5 73.1 ± 39.5 63.1 ± 26.2 4.616 0.021 cTnI(ng/mL) 3.3 ± 1.67 3.1 ± 1.59 2.2 ± 1.26 3.983 0.032 术中 心绞痛[n(%)] 12(17.1) 11(15.7) 9(12.8) 1.882 0.210 快速型心律失常[n(%)] 9(12.8) 10(14.2) 10(14.2) 1.897 0.224 缓慢型心律失常[n(%)] 13(18.5) 10(14.2) 9(12.8) 1.850 0.206 表 5 PTCA术后180 d内MACE[n(%)]
Table 5. SSS score and MACE within 180 days after PTCA [n(%)]
MACE事件 对照组 (n = 70) 半分钟预适应组 (n = 70) 1 min预适应组(n = 70) t/χ2 P 心脏死亡 1(1.4) 0(0) 0(0) 2.130 0.241 心肌梗死 2(2.8) 1(1.4) 0(0) 2.461 0.155 心力衰竭 2(2.8) 1(1.4) 1(1.4) 2.462 0.154 心脏原因再次入院 2(2.8) 2(2.8) 0(0) 2.555 0.102 靶血管再次血运重建 2(2.8) 2(2.8) 1(1.4) 2.434 0.171 总MACE事件 9(12.8) 6(8.3) 2(2.7) 4.746 0.028 SSS评分(分) 40.41 ± 18.6 39.46 ± 11.6 27.44 ± 15.3 4.517 0.037 -
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