Studies on the Related Factors of Non-suicidal Self-injury in Adolescent Patients with Depression
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摘要:
目的 探讨青少年抑郁症患者出现非自杀性自伤的影响因素。 方法 选取130例在昆明医科大学第二附属医院精神科门诊就诊的首发青少年抑郁症患者,分为伴非自杀性自伤行为组(n = 80)和不伴非自杀性自伤行为组(n = 50)。采用中文版儿童抑郁量表(CDI)、儿童焦虑和相关障碍筛查量表、中国青少年心理韧性量表、青少年生活事件量表来进行心理因素的调查评估,采用IITC电子Von Frey测痛仪器进行皮肤压痛阈值的测试。采用Logistic回归分析青少年抑郁症患者出现非自杀性自伤行为的影响因素,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),评估各危险因素对青少年抑郁症患者发生非自杀性自伤行为的预测价值。 结果 不伴非自杀性自伤行为组心理韧性量表总分高于伴非自杀性自伤行为组,CDI总分、皮肤压痛阈值均低于伴非自杀性自伤行为组(P均 < 0.05)。多因素二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,皮肤压痛阈值、CDI总分是青少年抑郁症患者出现非自杀性自伤行为的独立危险因素。以皮肤压痛阈值、CDI总分判别青少年抑郁症患者出现非自杀性自伤行为的AUC分别为0.724、0.618,两者联合检测后,对应的AUC为0.767。 结论 皮肤压痛阈值、CDI总分是青少年抑郁症患者出现非自杀性自伤行为的独立危险因素。 Abstract:Objective To explore the influencing factors of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescent patients with major depressive disorder. Methods 130 adolescent patients with the first-episode depression in the Psychiatry Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University were divided into two groups: NSSI group (n = 80) and non-NSSI group (n = 50). The Chinese version of Children’s Depression Inventory, Children’s Anxiety and Related Disorders Screening Scale, Chinese Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale and Adolescent Life Events Scale were used to investigate and evaluate the psychological factors. The pressure pain threshold was measured by IITC electronic Von Frey pain measuring instrument. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of NSSI in adolescents with depression, and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn to evaluate the predictive value of risk factors for NSSI in adolescents with depression. Results The total score of Psychological Resilience Scale in adolescents without NSSI was higher than that in the group with NSSI, and the total score of CDI and pressure pain threshold were lower than those in the group with NSSI (P < 0.05). Pressure pain threshold values and the total CDI score were independent risk factors for NSSI behavior in adolescents with depression. According to the pressure pain threshold and the total score of CDI, the AUC of non-suicidal self-injury behavior in adolescent patients with depression was 0.724 and 0.618, respectively. After the combined detection, the corresponding AUC was 0.767. Conclusion Skin pressure pain threshold and CDI total score are the independent risk factors for NSSI behavior in adolescent patients with depression. -
表 1 2组抑郁症患者的一般资料比较 [n(%)/M(P25,P75)]/(
$\bar x \pm s $ )Table 1. Comparison of general data between two groups of patients with depression [n(%)/M(P25,P75)]/(
$\bar x \pm s $ )项目 不伴NSSI行为组(n = 50) 伴NSSI行为组(n = 80) t/z/χ2 P 性别 1.800 0.180 男 18(36.00) 20(25.00) 女 32(64.00) 60(75.00) 年龄 15.30±1.568 15.14±1.636 0.560 0.577 已休学或准备休学 0.502 0.479 否 36(72.00) 62(77.50) 是 14(28.00) 18(22.50) 是否有留守经历 0.034 0.983 无 34(68.00) 55(68.75) 一方常在外地工作 6(12.00) 10(12.50) 双方都在外地工作 10(20.00) 15(18.75) 是否受过校园欺凌 0.430 0.512 否 29(58.00) 51(63.75) 是 21(42.00) 29(36.25) 父母婚姻状况 0.796 0.672 离异或去世 11(22.00) 21(26.30) 健在但关系差 19(38.00) 33(41.20) 健在且关系好 20(40.00) 26(32.50) 是否有二胎政策开放以来出生的弟妹 0.030 0.863 无 32(64.00) 50(62.50) 有 18(36.00) 30(37.50) 是否伴焦虑 − 0.483▲ 否 4(8.00) 4(5.00) 是 46(92.00) 76(95.00) 每周使用手机时长(h) 42.00(21.00,70.00) 56.00(21.00,75.00) −1.240 0.215 注:▲ 表示使用Fisher精确检验。 表 2 2组患者各量表评分及皮肤压痛阈值比较 [n(%)/(
$ \bar x \pm s $ )/M(P25,P75)]Table 2. Comparison of each scale score and skin pressure pain threshold between the two groups [n(%)/(
$ \bar x \pm s $ )/M(P25,P75)]项目 不伴NSSI行为组(n = 50) 伴NSSI行为组(n = 80) t/z/χ2 P 皮肤压痛阈值 975.10 ± 473.59 1341.25 ± 277.85 −4.959 < 0.001* 目标专注 12.90 ± 3.58 11.54 ± 3.22 2.248 0.026* 情绪控制 11.74 ± 3.97 10.38 ± 2.99 2.228 0.028* 积极认知 11.70 ± 2.97 10.66 ± 3.14 1.870 0.064 家庭支持 17.36 ± 3.16 16.31 ± 3.49 1.726 0.087 人际协助 13.44 ± 5.25 11.89 ± 4.06 1.893 0.061 心理韧性量表总分 67.14 ± 12.34 60.78 ± 10.28 3.177 0.002* 人际关系因子 14.26 ± 5.13 15.53 ± 4.80 −1.425 0.157 学习压力因子 12.40 ± 4.66 11.74 ± 4.86 0.768 0.444 受惩罚因子 10.00(5.00,14.00) 12.00(6.00,17.00) −1.071 0.284 丧失因子 3.00(0.00,5.00) 3.00(1.00,6.00) −0.391 0.696 健康适应因子 7.00(4.00,10.00) 6.00(4.00,10.00) −0.401 0.688 其他 7.00(4.00,10.00) 9.00(5.00,12.00) −1.453 0.146 生活事件量表总分 38.00(29.00,51.00) 40.00(31.00,54.00) −0.888 0.375 躯体化/惊恐 15.00(9.00,20.00) 18.00(12.00,22.00) −1.150 0.250 广泛性焦虑 11.00(7.00,15.00) 13.00(9.00,15.00) −0.595 0.552 分离性焦虑 6.00(3.00,9.00) 6.00(3.00,9.00) −1.270 0.204 社交恐怖 8.00(7.00,12.00) 11.00(7.00,14.00) −0.499 0.618 学校恐怖 6.00(3.00,7.00) 5.00(3.00,7.00) 0.574 0.566 焦虑总分 47.52 ± 17.60 49.05 ± 14.46 −0.539 0.591 CDI总分 26.92 ± 8.73 30.76 ± 6.73 −2.658 0.009* CDI第9项 20.979 < 0.001* 无自杀想法无行动 14(28.00) 2(2.50) 有自杀想法无行动 23(46.00) 37(46.30) 有自杀想法及行动 13(26.00) 41(51.20) *P < 0.05。 表 3 Logistic回归分析抑郁症患者NSSI行为的影响因素
Table 3. Logistic regression analysis of influencing factors of NSSI behavior in patients with depression
影响因素 B SE Wald
X2P OR B的95%置信区间 下限 上限 皮肤压痛阈值 0.003 0.001 20.272 < 0.001 1.003 1.002 1.004 CDI总分 0.076 0.029 6.640 0.01 1.079 1.018 1.142 常量 −4.885 1.211 16.280 < 0.001 0.008 注:因为心理韧性量表总分计算中涉及各个子量表评分,考虑到多重共线性问题,回归模型中纳入目标专注、情绪控制两个子量表的同时就剔除心理韧性量表总分。 表 4 抑郁伴NSSI行为的ROC曲线分析
Table 4. ROC curve analysis of depression with NSSI behavior
检测指标 AUC 最佳临界值 敏感性(%) 特异性(%) 95%CI P 皮肤压痛阈值(g) 0.724 842.7 100 48 0.623~0.825 < 0.001 CDI总分 0.618 24 81.25 40 0.529~0.702 0.023 联合检测 0.767 − 95 54 0.685~0.837 < 0.001 注:联合预测用Logistic回归的概率值做预测。 -
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