Epidemiological Characteristics Among Emergency Triage Patients in a Comprehensive Tertiary Hospital in Kunming in 2020
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摘要:
目的 研究云南省第一人民医院2020年新冠肺炎（COVID-19）疫情下急诊分诊患者流行病学特征，为进一步优化COVID-19疫情形势下急诊科的诊疗服务、应对措施及管理策略提供参考依据。 方法 回顾性收集2020年1月1日至12月31日至云南省第一人民医院就诊的44 739例急诊患者预检分诊记录，并建立数据库，分析就诊患者的性别、年龄、就诊时间、就诊季节、病情分级、来院方式等流行病学特征。 结果 44 739例急诊患者中，男性20 923例（47%），女性23 816（53%），年龄分布在0.2～110岁，以45～59岁年龄组为主，为25 828例（58%）。夏季最多12 449例（28%），秋季次之，11 558例（26%）；每日就诊高峰时间主要为上午9:00～12:00和下午15:00～21:00；77%的患者打车和步行前来，12%的患者乘坐救护车；患者的病情分级比例为Ⅰ级（12%）、Ⅱ级（10%）、Ⅲ级（58%）、Ⅳ级（21%）。 结论 昆明市某综合性三甲医院急诊患者女性多于男性，年龄主要集中在45～59岁，夏季是就诊高峰季节，每日就诊高峰主要集中在上午9:00～12:00和下午15:00～21:00。急诊科应结合当前COVID-19疫情的防控要求，合理地配置急诊医疗资源。 Abstract:Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of patients triaged in the emergency department during COVID-19 pandemic in our hospital in 2020 to provide a reference basis for further optimizing the diagnosis and treatment services, response measures, and management strategies in the emergency department. Methods The triage registration records of 44, 739 emergency patients who visited the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province from January 1 to December 31, 2020, were retrospectively collected, and a database was established. Epidemiological characteristics were analyzed based on age, sex, visiting season, disease grading, and way of visiting the hospital. Results Among the 44, 739 emergency patients, 20, 923 （47%） were male and 23, 816 （53%） were female. The age ranged from 0.2 to 110 years old, with 25, 828 cases （58%） mainly among 45 to 59 years old. The maximum number of patients visited in summer was 12, 449 （28%）, followed by 11, 558 （26%） in autumn; the peak hours of visits were mainly from 9:00 am to 12:00 am and from 3:00 to 9:00 pm; 77% of the patients came to the clinic by taxi and by foot, and 12% by ambulance; The proportion of patients with disease grading was grade I （12%）, grade II （10%）, grade III （58%）, and grade IV （21%）. Conclusion A comprehensive tertiary hospital in Kunming has more female than male emergency patients, and their ages are mainly between 45 and 59 years old; the summer is the peak season for consultation, and the daily consultation peaks are mainly on 9:00-12:00 a.m and 15:00-21:00 p.m.The emergency department should combine the current COVID-19 epidemic control requirements with reasonable allocation of emergency medical resources. -
Key words:
- Emergency /
- Epidemiology /
- Triage /
- COVID-19
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图 1 不同年龄组患者的性别分布特征
*P < 0.05；**P < 0.01；***P < 0.001。
Figure 1. Sex distribution characteristics of patients in different age groups
图 2 不同年龄组患者季节分布特征
*P < 0.05；**P < 0.01；***P < 0.001。
Figure 2. Seasonal distribution characteristics of emergency patients in different age groups
图 3 不同时间段急诊患者的分布特征
Figure 3. Characteristics of the distribution of emergency patients in different time periods
表 1 急诊患者基线特征[n（%）]
Table 1. Baseline characteristics of emergency patients [n（%）]
指标 n（%） 性别 男性 20 923（47） 女性 23 816（53） 男女比例 20 923∶23 816（1∶1.14） 年龄组 儿童组 1 033（2） 青壮年组 6 928（15） 中年组 25 828（58） 年轻老年组 6 072（14） 老年组 4 347（10） 长寿老年组 531（1） 
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表 2 不同季节的患者分布特征[n（%）]
Table 2. Seasonal distribution characteristics of emergency patients [n（%）]
季节 n（%） 春季 9 819（22.0） 夏季 12 449（28.0） 秋季 11 558（26.0） 冬季 10 913（24.0）
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表 3 不同时段的患者分布特征[n（%）]
Table 3. Characteristics of the distribution of emergency patients in different time periods [n（%）]
时段 n （%） 00:00～03:00 3 823（9.0） 03:00～06:00 2 336（5.0） 06:00～09:00 3 217（7.0） 09:00～12:00 7 876（18.0） 12:00～15:00 6 360（14.0） 15:00～18:00 7 470（17.0） 18:00～21:00 7 326（16.0） 21:00～24:00 6 331（14.0）
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表 4 急诊患者病情分级特征[n（%）]
Table 4. The triage situation of emergency patients [n（%）]
病情分级 n（%） Ⅰ级 5 162（12.0） Ⅱ级 4 275（10.0） Ⅲ级 23 801（58.0） Ⅳ级 9 501（20.0）
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