Advances on Smad4 on Olfactory System Function and Disease
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摘要: Smad4蛋白可与转化生长因子β(TGF-β) 上的 TGF-β I 型受体(TβR I)相结合,并将其激活。目前已知TGF-β/Smads 信号通路在犁鼻感觉神经元(vomeronasal sensory neurons,VSN)的成熟、功能和精确连通性方面起着关键作用,Smad4的突变会导致后部副嗅球形成的异常,导致嗅觉传导异常。Smad4是公认的抑癌基因,其在癌细胞中的表达与正常组织具有显著差异。转化生长因子-β 通过其信号传导通路及其作用底物Smads 蛋白将生物信号由胞膜传至胞核激活相应核酸转录从而调控细胞的分化、增殖、粘附、迁移、凋亡,血管生成,免疫反应等。Abstract: Smad4 protein binds to the TGF-β type I receptor(TβR I) on transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) and activates it. The TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway is known to play a key role in the maturation, function, and precise connectivity of vomeronasal sensory neurons(VSNs). Mutations in Smad4 lead to abnormal formation of the posterior paraolfactory bulb, resulting in abnormal olfactory conduction. Smad4 is a recognized tumor suppressor gene, and its expression in malignant tumors is significantly different from normal tissues. TGF-β transmits biological signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus through its signal transduction pathway and its substrate Smads protein to activate transcription of nucleic acid; consequently, to regulate cell differentiation, proliferation, adhesion, migration, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and immune response.
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Key words:
- Smad4 /
- Olfactory system /
- Nasal tumor /
- Pheromones
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