Advances in the Mechanism of Hepatotoxic Effects Induced by α-amanitin
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摘要: 鹅膏菌是一类可引起急性中毒的蘑菇种属,90%以上野生菌中毒死亡事件均由鹅膏毒肽引发,α-鹅膏毒肽(α-amanitin、α-AMA)是其中毒性最强的成分,肝脏是其毒性靶器官。RNA聚合酶Ⅱ(RNA pol Ⅱ)转录抑制是α-鹅膏毒肽导致肝细胞损伤的公认机制,但其他可能的毒理学机制尚待阐明。主要从α-鹅膏毒肽诱导肝细胞凋亡、自噬、炎症、氧化应激等毒性机制,中毒后临床治疗等方面进行综述,旨在为鹅膏毒肽中毒研究以及防治提供新的思路。Abstract: Amanita is a genus of mushrooms that can cause acute poisoning, and more than 90% of wild mushroom poisoning deaths are caused by its toxins. α-amanitin (α-AMA) is the most toxic component, and the liver is the major target of its toxicity. Transcriptional inhibition of RNA polymerase Ⅱ (RNA polⅡ) is a recognized mechanism of α-amanita toxin-induced hepatocyte injury, but other possible toxicological mechanisms are yet to be identified. The article reviews the toxic mechanisms of α-amanitin induced apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation and oxidative stress in hepatocytes, and the clinical treatment after poisoning, aiming to provide new directions for the research and prevention of Amanita poisoning.
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Key words:
- α-amanitin /
- Hepatotoxicity /
- Mechanism of action /
- Clinical treatment
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