Relationship between Mutations of KRAS,NRAS and BRAF Genes and Colorectal Liver Metastases
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摘要:
目的 探讨KRAS、NRAS和BRAF基因突变与结直肠癌肝转移的关系。 方法 收集川北医学院附属医院2019年1月至2021年10月结直肠癌组织标本246例,基于ARMS法和荧光PCR技术进行KRAS、NRAS和BRAF基因突变检测,收集患者临床资料并分析KRAS、NRAS和BRAF基因突变与肝转移的关系。 结果 在246例结直肠癌患者中,KRAS、NRAS和BRAF突变率分别为45.93%(113/246)、6.10%(15/246)和4.87%(12/246)。NRAS基因突变与同时性结直肠癌肝转移相关,在NRAS突变组结直肠癌确诊时出现肝转移的频率较高(P = 0.005),但随着病程时间延长,1 a内发生肝转移的频率在NRAS突变组和野生组无统计学意义(P = 0.155),多因素Logistic回归分析显示NRAS突变是同时性结直肠癌肝转移的独立危险因素(OR = 9.974,P = 0.008)。KRAS和BRAF突变与肝转移无明显相关性(P > 0.05)。 结论 NRAS基因突变的结直肠癌患者早期较易出现肝转移,对其进行检测不仅在靶向治疗中具有重要的指导作用,在早期肝转移评估中也具有重要的临床指导价值。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the relationship between KRAS, NRAS and BRAF gene mutations and liver metastasis in colorectal cancer. Methods A total of 246 colorectal cancer tissue specimens were collected from the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from January 2019 to October 2021. KRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA mutations analysis were performed with ARMS method and fluorescence PCR technology. Clinical data were collected and the relationship between KRAS, NRAS and BRAF gene mutations and liver metastasis were analyzed. Results The mutation rates of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF were 45.93% (113/246), 6.10% (15/246) and 4.87% (12/246) in 246 colorectal cancer cases, respectively. NRAS gene mutation was associated with synchronous colorectal liver metastasis. The frequency of liver metastasis was higher in the NRAS mutation group at the time of colorectal cancer diagnosis (P = 0.005), but there was no significant difference in the frequency of liver metastasis within 1a between the NRAS mutant group and the wild group as the disease progresses (P = 0.155). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that NRAS mutation was an independent risk factor for synchronous colorectal cancer liver metastasis (OR = 9.974, P = 0.008). KRAS and BRAF mutations had no significant correlation with liver metastasis (P > 0.05). Conclusion Colorectal cancer patients with NRAS gene mutation are prone to liver metastasis in the early stage. NRAS gene mutation detection not only plays an important role in targeted therapy, but also in the early evaluation of liver metastasis. -
Key words:
- Colorectal cancer /
- Liver metastasis /
- KRAS /
- NRAS /
- BRAF
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表 1 246例结直肠癌患者 KRAS、NRAS和BRAF基因突变分析
Table 1. Analysis of KRAS,NRAS and BRAF gene mutations in 246 CRC patients
基因名称 检测区域 突变类型 n(%) KRAS 113(45.93) Exon2 G12S、G12D 46(18.70) G12C、G12R、G12V、G12A、G13C 27(10.98) G13D 26(10.57) Exon3 Q61L、Q61R、Q61H 6(2.44) Exon4 K117N、A146T、A146V、A146P 10(4.07) NRAS 15(6.10) Exon2 G12D、G12S 7(2.85) G13R、G12C、G12V、G12A、G13V 3(1.22) Exon3 Q61R、Q61K、Q61L、Q61H 5(2.03) Exon4 A146T 0(0.00) BRAF 12(4.87) Exon15 V600E、V600K、V600R、V600D 12(4.87) 表 2 KRAS、NRAS和BRAF基因突变与结直肠癌TNM分期的关系[n(%)]
Table 2. Relationship between TNM staging and KRAS,NRAS and BRAF gene mutations in CRC [n(%)]
临床参数 n KRAS突变 χ2 P NRAS突变 χ2 P BRAF突变 χ2 P T 1~2 10 6(60.00) 1.825 0.401 1(10.00) 5.755 0.056 0(0.00) 0.945 0.623 3 47 26(55.32) 0(0.00) 1(2.13) 4 106 48(45.28) 7(6.60) 4(3.77) N 0 39 20(51.28) 1.022 0.600 1(2.56) 1.325 0.516 0(0.00) 5.815 0.055 1 71 37(52.11) 5(7.04) 1(1.41) 2 53 23(43.40) 2(3.77) 4(7.55) M 0 117 57(48.72) 0.022 0.883 1(0.85) 11.679 0.001* 3(2.56) 0.008 0.928 1 46 23(50.00) 7(15.22) 2(4.35) TNM分期 Ⅰ 2 2(100.00) 2.955 0.399 0(0.00) 13.077 0.004* 0(0.00) 2.103 0.551 Ⅱ 28 13(46.43) 0(0.00) 0(0.00) Ⅲ 85 42(49.41) 1(1.17) 3(3.53) Ⅳ 48 23(47.92) 7(14.58) 2(4.17) TNM分期病例资料存在缺失,共163例CRC患者纳入统计。*P < 0.05。 表 3 结直肠癌肝转移相关影响因素[n(%)]
Table 3. Related influencing factors of colorectal liver metastases [n(%)]
临床参数 同时性结直肠癌肝脏转移 χ2 P 1a内结直肠癌肝转移 χ2 P KRAS基因 野生型 37(27.82) 0.489 0.484 47(41.96) 1.669 0.196 突变型 27(23.89) 45(51.14) NRAS基因 野生型 55(23.81) 7.797 0.005* 83(44.62) 2.026 0.155 突变型 9(60.00) 9(64.29) BRAF基因 野生型 59(25.21) 0.864 0.353 85(44.73) 1.530 0.216 突变型 5(41.67) 7(70.00) 性别 男 40(27.03) 0.197 0.657 59(49.17) 1.211 0.271 女 24(24.49) 33(41.25) 年龄(岁) ≤57 35(28.23) 0.634 0.426 46(45.54) 0.017 0.896 >57 29(23.77) 46(46.46) 原发部位 右半结肠 4(13.33) 6.017 0.111 8(33.33) 3.849 0.278 左半结肠 12(20.69) 24(52.17) 直肠 48(30.57) 59(45.74) 同时多源性大肠癌 0(0.00) 1(0.00) 乙肝感染 现症感染 10(25.64) 0.579 0.749 12(38.71) 0.944 0.624 既往感染 5(19.23) 8(40.00) 未感染 44(26.19) 65(47.10) 分化程度 高分化 1(71.43) 3.589 0.166 2(20.00) 2.945 0.229 中分化 29(23.38) 45(46.88) 低分化/未分化 8(32.00) 10(47.62) 组织学类型 腺癌 35(25.00) 2.288 0.319 54(48.21) 4.675 0.097 粘液腺癌 2(10.52) 2(18.18) 鳞癌/神经内分泌癌 1(25.00) 1(25.00) 大体类型 溃疡型 25(21.56) 9.046 0.011* 40(42.11) 1.715 0.424 隆起型 4(13.33) 8(47.06) 浸润型 9(52.94) 9(60.00) 肿瘤直径 < 5 cm 16(19.51) 1.333 0.248 24(3.75) 2.842 0.092 ≥ 5 cm 22(27.16) 33(52.38) 注:分化程度、组织学类型、大体类型、肿瘤大小直径资料存在缺失,共163例CRC患者纳入同时性结直肠癌肝脏转移统计,共127例CRC患者纳入1 a内结直肠癌肝转移统计;乙肝感染资料存在缺失,共233例患者纳入同时性结直肠癌肝脏转移统计,共189例患者纳入1 a内结直肠癌肝转移统计。*P < 0.05。 -
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