Correlation Analysis between Pathological Features of IgA Nephropathy and Dyslipidemia
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摘要:
目的 分析探讨IgA肾病患者血脂指标与其临床特征及肾脏病理特征的关系。 方法 选取150例IgA肾病患者,根据血脂水平分为血脂正常组和血脂异常组;根据血脂异常的类型,将血脂异常组进一步分为高胆固醇血症组、高甘油三脂血症组、混合性高脂血症组及低高密度脂蛋白血症组。分析比较各组的临床特征及肾脏病理特征。 结果 血脂异常组体质指数(BMI)、尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(SCr)、血尿酸(UA)、24 h尿蛋白定量(24h-UP)高于血脂正常组(P < 0.05),白蛋白(Alb)、肾小球滤过率(eGFR)低于血脂正常组(P < 0.05)。不同类型血脂异常各组间,高甘油三酯血症组UA高于其他血脂异常组(P < 0.05),混合性高脂血症组Alb低于其他血脂异常组(P < 0.05),24h-UP高于其他血脂异常组(P < 0.05)。病理分级中Lee分级为Ⅲ级至Ⅴ级在血脂异常组中的占比较血脂正常组高(P < 0.05),MEST-C评分中血脂异常组中T1、T2占比相较血脂正常组多(P < 0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,BMI是IgAN患者伴发血脂异常的高危因素。 结论 血脂异常对IgAN肾功能进展具有一定预测作用。血脂异常组具有更严重的肾脏病理分级,在肾小管萎缩/肾间质纤维化方面表现更为显著。BMI升高是IgAN患者伴发血脂异常的高危因素。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the relationship between dyslipidemia and its clinical features and renal pathological features in patients with IgA nephropathy. Methods 150 patients with lgA nephropathy were divided into dyslipidemia group and normal blood lipid group, according to the blood lipid level. The dyslipidemia group was further divided into hypercholesterolemia group, hypertriglyceridemia group, mixed hyperlipidemia group and low high density lipoproteinemia group according to the types of dyslipidemia. The clinical features and pathological characteristics of each group. Results Compared with normal blood lipid group, BMI, urea, creatinine, uric acid and 24h-UP of abnormal blood lipid group were significantly higher (P < 0.05), albumin, eGFR in dyslipidemia group were lower (P < 0.05). Between different types of dyslipidemia, serum uric acid in hypertriglyceridemia group was higher than that in other dyslipidemia groups (P < 0.05).The serum albumin in mixed hyperlipidemia group was lower than that in other dyslipidemia groups (P < 0.05), while the 24-hour urine protein content was higher than that in other dyslipidemia groups (P < 0.05). The proportion of Lee’s pathological grade Ⅲ-Ⅴ in dyslipidemia group was higher than that in normal blood lipid group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).The proportion of T1 and T2 in dyslipidemia group was higher than that in the normal blood lipid group (P < 0.05). Multivariatelogistic regression analysis showed that BMI was a high-risk factor for dyslipidemia in patients with IgA nephropathy. Conclusions Dyslipidemia can predict the disease and progression of IgAN. The dyslipidemia group has more severe renal clinical features and pathological grading, and is more pronounced in tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis.Elevated BMI is a highrisk factor for dyslipidemia in IgAN patients. -
Key words:
- IgA nephropathy /
- Dyslipidemia /
- Pathological /
- Clinical features /
- Risk factors
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表 1 血脂正常组与血脂异常组的临床资料比较[
$\bar x \pm s $ /n(%)/M(Q1,Q3)]Table 1. Comparison of clinical indicators between normal blood lipid group and dyslipidemia group [
$\bar x \pm s $ /n(%)/M(Q1,Q3)]项目 总数 (n = 150) 血脂正常组(n = 64) 血脂异常组 (n = 86) t/χ2/Z P 性别 3.756 0.053 女 86 (57.3) 43 (67.2) 43 (50) 男 64 (42.7) 21 (32.8) 43 (50) 年龄(岁) 35 (30,43) 34 (27,38.5) 36.5 (31,43.8) 2299.5 0.086 BMI (kg/m2) 23.1 ± 3.3 21.7 ± 2.9 24.2 ± 3.3 −4.991 < 0.001* 高血压(n) 0.299 0.584 无 113 (76.4) 50 (79.4) 63 (74.1) 有 35 (23.6) 13 (20.6) 22 (25.9) 病程(月) 6 (1,24) 12 (1,24) 6 (1.2,24) 2963 0.422 RBC(×1012/L) 4.6 (4.1,5) 4.5 (4,4.9) 4.7 (4.2,5.1) 2323 0.103 Hb(g/L) 141 (124.2,154) 137.5 (124,151.2) 144 (125.5,155) 2330.5 0.11 Alb(g/L) 38.6 ± 5.5 39.9 ± 5 37.7 ± 5.7 2.536 0.012* BUN(mmol/L) 5.6 (4.4,7.2) 5.2 (4,6.3) 5.8 (4.5,8) 2207 0.039* Scr(μmol/L) 100.6 (74.2,134.5) 87.7 (68.9,107) 116 (85.2,150.3) 1834.5 < 0.001* eGFR
[ml/min−1·(1.73 m2]75 ± 29.7 81.3 ± 27.8 70.2 ± 30.3 2.327 0.021* CKD分期 4.479 0.034* CKD1~2期(n) 102(68) 50(78.1) 52(60.5) CKD3~5期(n) 48(32) 14(21.9) 34(39.5) UA(mmol/L) 380.1 (306,438.7) 329.4 (281.5,407.5) 402.4 (328.7,457.2) 1951 0.002* TC(mmol/L) 4.5 (3.9,5.5) 4.5 (3.9,5) 4.4 (3.9,6) 2531.5 0.403 TG(mmol/L) 1.5 (1.1,2.2) 1.1 (0.9,1.3) 2 (1.4,3.4) 859.5 < 0.001* HDL-C(mmol/L) 1.1 (0.9,1.4) 1.4 (1.2,1.6) 0.9 (0.8,1.1) 4836.5 < 0.001* LDL-C(mmol/L) 2.8 (2.2,3.5) 2.8 (2.3,3.1) 2.8 (2.2,3.8) 2564.5 0.477 24h-UP(g/24 h) 1 (0.5,2) 0.9 (0.3,1.6) 1.1 (0.6,2.2) 2154 0.023* *P < 0.05。 表 2 血脂正常组与血脂异常组的病理特征比较[n(%)]
Table 2. Comparison of pathological data between normal blood lipid group and dyslipidemia group [n(%)]
项目 总数 (n= 150) 血脂正常组(n= 64) 血脂异常组(n= 86) χ2 P Lee分级 4.951 0.026* Ⅰ-Ⅱ级 41 (27.3) 24 (37.5) 17 (19.8) Ⅲ-Ⅴ级 109 (72.7) 40 (62.5) 69 (80.2) 牛津病理分级 M 0.089 0.765 M0 14 (9.3) 7 (10.9) 7 (8.1) M1 136 (90.7) 57 (89.1) 79 (91.9) E 0.545 0.46 E0 109 (72.7) 49 (76.6) 60 (69.8) E1 41 (27.3) 15 (23.4) 26 (30.2) S 3.691 0.055 S0 65 (43.3) 34 (53.1) 31 (36) S1 85 (56.7) 30 (46.9) 55 (64) T 4.099 0.043* T0 113 (75.3) 54 (84.4) 59 (68.6) T1+T2 37 (24.7) 10 (15.6) 27 (31.4) C 0.001 0.981 C0 74 (49.3) 31 (48.4) 43 (50) C1+C2 76 (50.7) 33 (51.6) 43 (50) *P < 0.05。 表 3 不同类型血脂异常组临床资料比较[
$\bar x \pm s $ /n(%)/M(Q1,Q3)]Table 3. Comparison of clinical indicators between different types of dyslipidemia groups[
$\bar x \pm s $ /n(%)/M(Q1,Q3)]项目 高TC血症组
(n = 14)高TG血症组
(n = 28)低HDL-C血症组 (n = 38) 混合性高脂血症组
(n = 6)F/χ2/H P 性别 2.574 0.468 女 9 (64.3) 11 (39.3) 20 (52.6) 3 (50) 男 5 (35.7) 17 (60.7) 18 (47.4) 3 (50) 年龄(岁) 36.9 ± 11 40.4 ± 8.9 36 ± 10.6 33.2 ± 11.3 1.42 0.243 BMI(kg/m2) 23.3 ± 3 24.4 ± 3 24.4 ± 3.7 24.3 ± 1.3 0.398 0.755 高血压 2.925 0.403 无 12 (85.7) 18 (64.3) 29 (78.4) 4 (66.7) 有 2 (14.3) 10 (35.7) 8 (21.6) 2 (33.3) 病程(月) 4.5 (2,33) 8 (2.5,15) 6 (1.2,12) 3 (1.1,11.2) 0.751 0.861 RBC(×1012/L) 4.7 (4.5,5) 4.9 (4.4,5.2) 4.4 (4,4.8) 5.3 (5,5.4) 11.564 0.009* Hb(g/L) 144 (142.2,150.8) 149.5 (133.8,157) 131 (116,148.8) 163.5 (152.5,164.8) 14.263 0.003* Alb(g/L) 36.3 ± 6 39.8 ± 4.6 37.7 ± 5.2 31.1 ± 7.7 4.795 0.004* BUN(mmol/L) 5.4 (5,7.3) 6.2 (5.7,8.5) 4.9 (3.9,8.5) 5.3 (4.5,7) 3.66 0.301 Scr(mmol/L) 113 (78.5,131) 130.8 (86.1,156.4) 106.7 (74.7,156.4) 114 (93.8,127.5) 1.206 0.752 eGFR[ml/min·(1.73 m2)] 73.4 ± 30 66.5 ± 28.3 71 ± 33.3 75.1 ± 24.5 0.248 0.862 以CKD分组 1.933 0.610 CKD1~2期 8 (57.1) 15 (53.6) 24 (63.2) 5 (83.3) CKD3~5期 6 (42.9) 13 (46.4) 14 (36.8) 1 (16.7) UA(mmol/L) 383.5 (311.3,419.3) 439.5(381.3,491.7) 382.2 (306.1,429.7) 386 (347.8,405.5) 7.87 0.049* TC(mmol/L) 6.6 (6.4,6.7) 4.5 (4.2,5.2) 3.8 (3.5,4.3) 8 (7.4,9.7) 55.267 < 0.001* TG(mmol/L) 1.8 (1.4,2) 3.5 (2.9,3.8) 1.5 (1.1,2) 4 (3.6,5) 60.463 < 0.001* HDL-C(mmol/L) 1.2 (1.2,1.5) 0.9 (0.7,1) 0.9 (0.8,1) 1 (0.9,1.2) 26.202 < 0.001* LDL-C(mmol/L) 4.6 (4.1,4.9) 2.6 (2,3) 2.4 (2.2,3) 4.8 (4.3,6.7) 35.842 < 0.001* 24h-UP(g/24h) 1.6 (1,2.6) 1.2 (0.7,1.9) 0.9 (0.4,1.8) 4 (3.3,4.1) 9.767 0.021* *P < 0.05。 表 4 不同类型血脂异常组病理特征比较[n(%)]
Table 4. Comparison of pathological data between different types of dyslipidemia groups [n(%)]
项目 高TC血症(n = 14) 高TG血症(n = 28) 低HDL-C血症(n = 38) 混合性高脂血症 (n = 6) χ2 P Lee分级 0.420 0.948 Ⅰ-Ⅱ级 2 (14.3) 6 (21.4) 8 (21.1) 1 (16.7) Ⅲ-Ⅴ级 12 (85.7) 22 (78.6) 30 (78.9) 5 (83.3) 牛津病理分级 M 1.522 0.751 M0 0 (0) 3 (10.7) 4 (10.5) 0 (0) M1 14 (100) 25 (89.3) 34 (89.5) 6 (100) E 4.334 0.209 E0 9 (64.3) 21 (75) 28 (73.7) 2 (33.3) E1 5 (35.7) 7 (25) 10 (26.3) 4 (66.7) S 3.306 0.367 S0 3 (21.4) 13 (46.4) 14 (36.8) 1 (16.7) S1 11 (78.6) 15 (53.6) 24 (63.2) 5 (83.3) T 1.613 0.659 T0 11 (78.6) 17 (60.7) 27 (71.1) 4 (66.7) T1+T2 3 (21.4) 11 (39.3) 11 (28.9) 2 (33.3) C 6.866 0.076 C0 3 (21.4) 18 (64.3) 19 (50) 3 (50) C1+C2 11 (78.6) 10 (35.7) 19 (50) 3 (50) 表 5 血脂异常的影响因素分析(Logistic回归分析)
Table 5. Analysis of influencing factors of dyslipidemia
影响因素 单因素分析 多因素分析 OR 95%CI P OR 95%CI P BMI(kg/m2) 1.309 1.157~1.48 < 0.001* 1.254 1.077~1.485 0.005* Alb(g/L) 0.924 0.866~0.986 0.016* 0.925 0.838~1.016 0.110 eGFR[ml/min·(1.73 m2)] 0.987 0.976~0.998 0.025* 0.996 0.970~1.023 0.760 CKD3-5期(以CKD1-2期为参照) 2.335 1.121~4.863 0.023* 1.258 0.306~5.261 0.750 UA(mmol/L) 1.005 1.002~1.008 0.004* 1.001 0.996~1.006 0.749 24h-UP(g/24h) 1.409 1.079~1.841 0.012* 1.019 0.722~1.490 0.917 Lee分级为Ⅲ至Ⅴ级(以Lee分级Ⅰ-Ⅱ级为参照) 2.435 1.17~5.07 0.017* 1.096 0.419~2.862 0.851 T1+T2(以T0为参照) 2.471 1.095~5.578 0.029* 1.007 0.288~3.560 0.991 *P < 0.05。 -
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