Analysis of HPV Detection in 18 449 Hospital Patients in Kunming and HPV Vaccination Recommendations
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摘要:
目的 分析医院门诊首诊患者生殖道人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)检出情况及亚型分布特征,为昆明地区HPV的预防和疫苗接种提供参考。 方法 以2018年1月至2020年12月就诊于昆明市延安医院首诊女性患者18 449例作为研究对象,收集临床资料,应用回顾性研究方法,分析HPV总检出情况,比较不同年龄组、不同年份HPV检出率,分析高危型HPV(HR-HPV)和低危型HPV(IR-HPV)的流行情况。 结果 18 449例患者中HPV阳性共2520例,HPV总检出率为13.7%。2018年至2020年间HPV检出率呈下降趋势(趋势χ2 = 14.95,P < 0.001)。按年龄分组,HPV检出呈“V”型分布,小于20岁组检出率最高,为42.4%;其次是 ≥60岁组,为19.7%;30~岁组检出率最低,仅为12.0%,差异有统计学意义( χ2 = 57.080,P < 0.001)。最小感染年龄仅为15岁,并且为多重感染。多重感染者共973例,占全部患者5.3%,占阳性患者38.6%。 < 20岁和≥60岁组均以多重感染为主,20~59岁组则以单一高危型感染最多。感染排在前5位的HR-HPV依次为HPV52、53、58、16、51型;IR-HPV依次为HPV81、42、43、6、11型。在HR-HPV中,优势感染型别由2018年的HPV52、16及58转变为2019年和2020年的HPV52、53及58型。 结论 HPV感染呈低龄化趋势,不同年龄组HPV优势感染型别不同,昆明地区应重视HPV52、53和58型感染的防治。 Abstract:Objective To analyze the detection and subtype distribution characteristics of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the genital tract of the first outpatient in the hospital, and to provide reference for the prevention and vaccination of HPV in the region. Methods A total of 18449 first-diagnosed female patients in Yan 'an Hospital of Kunming City from January 2018 to December 2020 were selected as the research objects. Clinical data were collected and a retrospective study was used to analyze the total HPV infection and compare the HPV detection rates in different age groups and years. To analyze the prevalence of high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) and low-risk HPV (IR-HPV). Results Among 18449 patients, 2520 were HPV positive, and the total detection rate of HPV was 13.7%. HPV infection showed a downward trend from 2018 to 2020 (trend χ2 = 4.95, P < 0.001). According to age group, HPV detection showed a "V" type distribution, with the highest detection rate of 42.4% in the group less than 20 years old. The second group was ≥60 years old (19.7%). The detection rate in 30-year old group was the lowest, only 12.0%, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 7.080, P < 0.001). The minimum age of infection was only 15 years and there were multiple infections. There were 973 cases of multiple infection, accounting for 5.3% of all patients and 38.6% of positive patients. Multiple infection was the main infection in < 20 years old group and ≥60 years old group, and single high-risk infection was the most common infection in 20-59 years old group. The top five detected HR-HPV types were HPV52, 53, 58, 16 and 51. The IR-HPV types were HPV81, 42, 43, 6 and 11. In HR-HPV, the dominant detected types changed from HPV52, 16 and 58 in 2018 to HPV52, 53 and 58 in 2019 and 2020. Conclusions HPV infection shows a trend of younger age, and the dominant types of HPV infection are different in different age groups. Attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of HPV52, 53 and 58 infections in this region. -
Key words:
- HPV /
- Infection status /
- Vaccine /
- Vaccination recommendations
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表 1 HPV检出情况及年龄、年份分布(n)
Table 1. HPV detection status and age and year distribution (n)
特征 检查
例数阳性
例数感染率
(%)趋势χ2 P 年份 14.95 < 0.001 * 2018年 6 239 951 15.2 2019年 6 344 815 12.8 2020年 5 866 754 12.9 合计 18 449 2520 13.7 年龄(岁) 119.14 < 0.001 * < 20 66 28 42.4 20~ 2 441 391 16.0 30~ 5 679 680 12.0 40~ 5 568 692 12.4 50~ 3 384 471 13.9 ≥60 1 311 258 19.7 合计 18 449 2 520 13.7 感染类型 多重感染 973 38.6 单一感染 1 547 61.4 *P < 0.05。 表 2 HPV各亚型的分布情况
Table 2. Distribution of HPV subtypes
顺位 高危型(n = 2683) 低危型(n = 922) 基因亚型 检出例次 检出率(%) 基因亚型 检出例次 检出率(%) 1 HPV52 558 20.8 HPV81 310 33.6 2 HPV53 305 11.4 HPV42 208 22.6 3 HPV58 280 10.4 HPV43 179 19.4 4 HPV16 251 9.4 HPV6 134 14.5 5 HPV51 202 7.5 HPV11 91 9.9 6 HPV68 193 7.2 − − − 7 HPV56 139 5.2 − − − 8 HPV59 132 4.9 − − − 9 HPV66 126 4.7 − − − 10 HPV18 108 4.0 − − − 11 HPV33 104 3.9 − − − 12 HPV39 111 4.1 − − − 13 HPV31 59 2.2 − − − 14 HPV45 32 1.2 − − − 15 HPV35 23 0.9 − − − 16 HPV82 25 0.9 − − − 17 HPV73 17 0.6 − − − 18 HPV83 18 0.7 − − − 表 3 HPV多重感染情况及年龄分布[n(%)]
Table 3. HPV multiple infection and age distribution [n(%)]
年龄(岁) 阳性例数(n) 单一感染 多重感染 高危型 低危型 高低危混合型 多种高危型 多种低危型 < 20 28 5(17.9) 0(0.0) 17(60.7) 6(21.4) 0(0.0) 20~ < 30 391 178(45.5) 60(15.3) 83(21.2) 58(14.8) 12(3.1) 30~ < 40 680 333(49.0) 104(15.3) 82(12.1) 138(20.3) 23(3.4) 40~ < 50 692 364(52.6) 94(13.6) 72(10.4) 143(20.7) 19(2.7) 50~ < 60 471 254(54.0) 36(7.6) 53(11.3) 113(24.0) 15(3.2) ≥60 258 75(29.1) 44(17.1) 40(15.5) 68(26.4) 31(12.0) 表 4 HPV亚型不同年份分布情况
Table 4. Distribution of HPV subtypes in different years
顺位 2018年(n = 1320) 2019年(n = 1136) 2020年(n = 1046) 基因亚型 检出例次 检出率(%) 基因亚型 检出例次 检出率(%) 基因亚型 检出数量 检出率(%) 高危型 1 HPV52 206 21.7 HPV52 165 20.2 HPV52 187 24.8 2 HPV16 110 11.6 HPV53 110 13.5 HPV53 99 13.1 3 HPV58 97 10.2 HPV58 90 11.0 HPV58 93 12.3 4 HPV53 96 10.1 HPV16 84 10.3 HPV16 57 7.6 5 HPV68 82 8.6 HPV51 73 9.0 HPV68 55 7.3 6 HPV51 75 7.9 HPV68 56 6.9 HPV51 54 7.2 低危型 1 HPV81 118 12.4 HPV81 109 13.4 HPV81 83 11.0 2 HPV42 70 7.4 HPV43 62 7.6 HPV42 79 10.5 3 HPV43 69 7.3 HPV42 59 7.2 HPV43 48 6.4 4 HPV6 66 6.9 HPV6 38 4.7 HPV6 30 4.0 5 HPV11 38 4.0 HPV11 32 3.9 HPV11 21 2.8 -
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