To Investigate the Application Effect of Dapagliflozin in Elderly Patients with HFpEF and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Effect on Inflammatory Factors
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摘要:
目的 探讨达格列净在老年射血分数保留心力衰竭(HFpEF)合并2型糖尿病患者中的应用效果及对炎性因子的影响。 方法 随机选取2021年3月至2022年9月昆明市第二人民医院老年HFpEF合并2型糖尿病患者64例,采用随机抽签法均分为2组,对照组应用二甲双胍治疗,研究组应用达格列净治疗。记录2组心脏超声相关指标及运动耐力变化、炎性因子、N端脑钠肽前体水平变化、不良反应情况。 结果 2组治疗3个月、半年时LVEF、6 min步行距离指标均大于治疗前,LVEDD、E/e′指标均小于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);研究组治疗3个月、半年时LVEF、6 min步行距离指标均大于对照组, LVEDD、E/e′指标均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);2组治疗3个月、半年时hs-CRP、TNF-α、NT-proBNP指标均小于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);研究组治疗3个月、半年时hs-CRP、TNF-α、NT-proBNP指标均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);2组治疗过程中均无发生过敏性皮疹、低血压、急性肾功能损伤、高钾血症不良反应,在胃肠道反应、泌尿系统感染、低血糖不良反应发生率对比显示,差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。 结论 达格列净治疗老年HFpEF合并2型糖尿病患者,相较于应用二甲双胍降糖药物,可以进一步改善患者心功能,提升运动耐力,且未明显增加不良反应,安全性较高。 -
关键词:
- 2型糖尿病 /
- 射血分数保留心力衰竭 /
- 运动耐力 /
- 左室射血分数
Abstract:Objective To investigate the efficacy of dapagliflozin in elderly heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its effect on inflammatory factors. Methods From March 2021 to September 2022, 64 patients with HFpEF and type 2 diabetes in the Second People’s Hospital of Kunming were randomly divided into two groups. The control group was treated with metformin, and the study group was treated with dapagliflozin. The indexes of cardiac ultrasound, changes in exercise endurance, inflammatory factors, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels, and adverse reactions were studied. Results After 3 months and 6 months of treatment, the LVEF and 6 min walking distance indexes of the two groups were significantly higher than those before treatment (P < 0.05), and the LVEDD and E/e′ indexes were significantly lower than those before treatment (P < 0.05). After 3 months and 6 months of treatment, LVEF and 6 min walking distance indexes of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05), LVEDD and E/e′ indexes were significantly lower than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The hs-CRP, TNF-α and NT-proBNP of the two groups at 3 months and 6 months after treatment significantly were lower than those before treatment (P < 0.05). The hs-CRP, TNF-α and NT-proBNP in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group at 3 months and 6 months after treatment (P < 0.05). There were no adverse reactions such as allergic rash, hypotension, acute renal injury, and hyperkalemia in two groups during treatment, and there were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of adverse reactions such as gastrointestinal reaction, urinary system infection, and hypoglycemia between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion In the treatment of elderly HFpEF patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, compared with metformin dapagliflozin can improve cardiac function and exercise endurance , without significant adverse reactions. -
杜鹃兰 [Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino] 为兰科杜鹃兰属植物,该属植物仅有2种,另一种为斑叶杜鹃兰[Cremastra unguiculata (Finet) Finet in Bull ]。杜鹃兰生于林下湿地或沟边湿地上,海拔500~2900 m。分布于中国、尼泊尔、不丹、锡金、印度、越南、泰国和日本[1]。国内外学者从该药用植物分离得到菲类、二氢菲类、联苄类、二聚菲、菲醌等结构类型的化合物,药理研究表明所得化合物具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗肿瘤活性[2]。为发现新的活性化合物,笔者对其进行了化合物的分离、结构鉴定和化合物生物活性筛选。
1. 材料与方法
1.1 研究材料
核磁共振仪: Bruker ASENDAVIIIHD 600 MHz (TMS为内标),N-1100旋转蒸发仪,葡聚糖凝胶Sephadex LH-20 (20~80 μm,Pharmacia Uppsala),柱层析硅胶(80~100目,200~300目,青岛海洋化工厂),高效薄层层析硅胶G板,HPLC (RP-18)半制备柱(10 min×250 mm,YMC-Pack ODS),有机溶剂均为工业纯,重蒸后使用;显色剂为10%硫酸乙醇溶液。三种肿瘤细胞株A549、MCF-7/S、SKOV-3由昆明医科大学药学院提供,SKOV-3培养于McCoy’s 5A Medium Modified含10% Fetal Bovine Serum FBS (premium grade,USA),A549、MCF-7/S均培养于ATCC-formulated RPMI-1640 Medium含10% Fetal Bovine Serum FBS (premium grade,USA)。
1.2 植物来源
杜鹃兰药材于2019年5月由昆明植分公司娄安瑞先生采自四川乐山,植物学名经昆明医科大学药学院陆露研究员鉴定。标本(编号:20190525)保存在昆明医科大学药学院。
1.3 研究方法
1.3.1 提取与分离方法
杜鹃兰假鳞茎,切片、阴干 (7.53 kg),经95%的乙醇提取3次。将提取液在减压下浓缩,得到褐色浸膏,加水溶解,经石油醚、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取,得到乙酸乙酯萃取部分为 (165.71 g)。将该部分浸膏以80~100目硅胶拌样,样品经硅胶柱层析,混合溶剂体系石油醚/ 乙酸乙酯 (100∶0、90∶10、80∶20、70∶30、60∶40、50∶50、0∶1) 洗脱,薄层检测合并为7个部分 (Fr.1~7)。
Fr.2 (5.90 g) 经硅胶柱层析,石油醚/EtOAc (25∶1、15∶1、10∶1、5∶1、0∶1) 梯度洗脱,薄层检测合并为5个部分(Fr.2.1~2.5),Fr.2.1 (1.1g) 经凝胶柱层析(CHCl3/CH3OH 10:90) 得到3个化合物2 (15.0 mg),3 (7.3 mg);Fr.2.2 (0.5 g) 经制备薄层层析得到化合物4 (7.6 mg);Fr.2.3 (0.7 g)经半制备HPLC得到化合物5 (11.5 mg),6 (6.5 mg);Fr.2.5 (0.3g) 经凝胶柱层析 (CH3OH/ H2O,90∶10)得到化合物1 (10.5 mg)。
Fr.3 (16.52 g) 经RP-18柱色谱 (CH3OH/H2O 7∶3),硅胶柱层析CHCl3 / EtOAc (25∶1、20∶1、15∶1、10∶1、5∶1、1∶1、0∶1),薄层检测合并为3个部分 (Fr.3.1~3.3),Fr.3.1 (2.3 g) 经硅胶柱层析CHCl3 / 丙酮 (15∶1)得到化合物7 (25.7 mg) 和化合物37 (31.3 mg);Fr.3.2 (0.52 g) 经HPLC (CH3OH/H2O,65∶35),得到化合物8 (39.8 mg); Fr.3.3 (8.2 g) 经硅胶柱层析 (氯仿/丙酮10∶1) 洗脱,经Sephadex LH-20 (CH3OH/CHCl3,10∶1) 进行纯化,得到化合物9 (9.2 mg),10 (8.5 mg),11 (9.3 mg),12 (30.1 mg)。
1.3.2 抗肿瘤活性筛选方法
A549、MCF-7/S细胞接种于含10%FBS的RPMI-1640培养液中,SKOV-3细胞接种于含10%FBS的McCoy’s 5A 培养液中,均在37 ℃,95%湿度,5%CO2培养箱中培养,1~2 d传代1次,调整细胞浓度不超过6×104/mL,取指数生长期细胞进行实验。用MTT法检测化合物对A549、MCF-7/S、SKOV-3细胞增殖的抑制作用。取对数生长期的A549、MCF-7/S、SKOV-3细胞,调整细胞浓度为6×104/mL,加入96孔培养板(使其终浓度为6×103/100 μL),接种细胞之后静置1 h再放入细胞培养箱 (避免96孔板的边缘效应)。24 h细胞贴壁之后再加化合物7~12使其终浓度为200,100,50,25,12.5,6.25 μmol/L,每个浓度设5个平行孔,并设阳性、阴性、空白及DMSO对照孔,在37 ℃,95%湿度,5%CO2培养箱中孵育48 h后加入MTT 20 μL,继续孵育4 h后,以570 nm、630 nm双波长检测OD值。按公式计算不同浓度的OD值均数及标准差,再计算细胞增殖抑制率,实验重复3次,减少误差。
2. 结果
2.1 化合物波谱数据
化合物1 bisbenzopyran:白色晶体,MF: C14H10O2,MW:210;1HNMR (CD3OD, 600 MHz): δ 4.23 (2H,dd,J = 9.0,6.8 Hz,H-2a,H- 2a′),3.84 (2H,dd,J= 9.0,6.5 Hz,H-2e,H- 2e′),3.04 (2H,m,H-3,H- 3′),4.70 (2H,d,J = 4.2 Hz,H-4,H-4′),6.95 (2H,d,J = 1.8Hz,H-5,H-5′),6.80 (2H ,dd,J = 8.0,1.8 Hz,H-7,H-7′),6.82 (2H,dd,J = 8.0 Hz,H-8,H-8′),3.86 (6H,s,-OCH3). 13C NMR (CD3OD, 150 MHz):δC 71.2 (t,C-2,C-2′),53.9 (d,C-3,C-3′), 86.1 (d,C-4,C-4′),114.4 (d,C-5,C-5′),147.7 (s,C-6,C-6′) ,118.6 (d,C-7,C-7′),109.6 (d,C-8,C-8′),145.9 (s,C-9,C-9′),132.4 (s,C-10,C-10′),55.0 (q,6,6′-OCH3),其波谱数据与文献报道基本一致。
化合物2 (22E)-ergosta-6,22-dien-3β,5α,8α-triol:黄色固体,MF:C28H46O3,ESI-MS m/z:431 [M+H]+. 1HNMR (CDCl3):δ 6.61 (1H,d ,J = 8.3 Hz,H-7),6.25 (1H,d,J = 8.3 Hz,H-6),5.20 (1H,m,H-23),5.18 (1H,m,H-22),2.10 and 1.91 (2H,m,CH2-4),2.04 (1H,m,H-24),2.03 (1H,m,H-2β),1.94 (1H,m,H-2α),1.86 (1H,m,H-20),1.76 and 1.58 (2H,m,CH2-12),1.68 (1H,m,H-1β),1.61 (2H,m,CH2-11),1.58 (1H,m,H-9),1.48 (1H,m,H-25),1.34 (1H,m,CH2-16),1.25 (1H,m,H-2α),1.22 (2H,m,CH2-15),1.21 (1H,m,H-14),1.09 (3H,d,J = 6.3 Hz,CH3-28),0.92 (3H,d,J = 6.1 Hz,CH3-21),0.90 (3H,s,CH3-19),0.84 (3H,d,J = 6.5 Hz,CH3-26),0.82 (3H,s,CH3-18),0.81 (3H,d,J = 6.5 Hz,CH3-27). 13CNMR (CDCl3):δ 33.4 (t,C-1),30.5 (t,C-2),66.8 (d,C-3),39.7 (t,C-4),82.5 (s,C-5),135.8 (d,C-6),131.1 (d,C-7),79.8 (s,C-8),51.5 (d,C-9),37.3 (s,C-10),20.3 (t,C-11),37.3 (t,C-12),44.9 (s,C-13),51.5 (d,C-14),23.8 (t,C-15),29.0 (t,C-16),56.7 (d,C-17),13.2 (q,C-18),18.5 (q,C-19),40.0 (d,C-20),20.3 (q,C-21),135.6 (d,C-22),131.1 (d,C-23),43.2 (d,C-24),33.4 (d,C-25),20.0 (q,C-26),21.0 (q,C-27),17.9 (q,C-28)。
化合物3 3β-hydroxy-cholesta-5-ene:白色晶体,MF:C27H46O,ESI-MS m/z:389 [M+H]+. 1HNMR (CDCl3):δ 5.35 (1H,s ,H-6),3.54 (1H,m,H-3),1.01 (3H,s,H-19),0.81~0.92 (9H,m,3×CH3),0.68 (3H,s,18-CH3). 13CNMR (CDCl3):δ 37.3 (t,C-1),31.7 (t,C-2),71.8 (d,C-3),42.3 (t,C-4),140.8 (s,C-5),121.7 (d,C-6),31.9 (t,C-7),31.9 (s,C-8),50.2 (d,C-9),36.5 (s,C-10),21.1 (t,C-11),39.8 (t,C-12),42.3 (s,C-13),56.8 (d,C-14),24.3 (t,C-15),28.2 (t,C-16),56.1 (d,C-17),12.0 (q,C-18),19.1 (q,C-19),36.2 (d,C-20),18.8 (q,C-21),29.2 (t,C-22),23.1 (t,C-23),39.8 (t,C-24),28.2 (d,C-25),23.1 (q,C-26),23.1 (q,C-27)。
化合物4:β-sistosterol 白色针状晶体,易溶于氯仿。与标准品β-sistosterol共薄层层析,在三种溶剂系统均显一个点,Rf与β-谷甾醇基本一致。
化合物5 Pinoresinol :白色固体,C20H22O6, 1HNMR (CD3OD, 600 MHz): δ 6.95 (2H,s,H-2′,H- 2′′),6.81 (2H,d,J = 8.0 Hz,H-6′,H- 6′′),6.77 (2H,d,J = 8.0 Hz,H-5′,H-H-5′′),4.70 (2H,d,J = 4.2 Hz,H-2,H-6),4.22 (2H ,dd,J = 9.0,6.8 Hz,Hb-4,H-8),3.87 (6H,s,-OCH3),3.86 (2H,dd,J= 9.3,3.7 Hz,Ha-4,H-8),3.03 (2H,m,H-1,H-5). 13CNMR (CD3OD, 150 MHz): δ 147.7 (s,C-3′,C-3′′),145.9 (s,C-4′,C-4′′), 132.4 (s,C-1′,C-1′′),118.6 (d,C-6′,C-6′′) ,114.4 (d,C-5′,C-5′′),109.6 (d,C-2′,C-2′′),86.1 (d,C-2,C-6),71.2 (t,C-4,C-8),55.0 (d,C-3′,C-3′′)。
化合物6 5,4′-dihydroxy-7-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-3′-methoxyflavone:黄色粉末,MF:C23H16O8,MW:420;EI-MS,420 [M]+;1HNMR [CD3OD,500 MHz]:δ 6.90 (2H,d,J = 8.6,H-3′′,5′′),7.82 (2H,d,J = 8.6,H-2′′,6′′),6.57 (1H,s,H-3),6.19 (1H,s,H-6),6.44 (1H,s,H-8),7.45 (1H,s,H-2′),6.92 (2H,d,J = 8.0,H-5′),7.47 (1H,d,J = 8.0,H-6′),3.95(3H,s,3′-OCH3); 13CNMR [CD3OD,125 MHz]: δ 166.3 (s,C-2),103.8 (s,C-3),183.9 (s,C-4),100.1 (d,C-4a),163.2 (s,C-5),100.1 (s,C-6),166.6 (s,C-7),95.0 (d,C-8),159.4 (s,C-8a),123.2 (s,C-1′),107.0 (d,C-2′),149.1(s,C-3′),152.5 (s,C-4′),117.0 (d,C-5′),121.7 (d,C-6′),117.5 (s,C-1′′),129.4 (d,C-2′′,6′′),117.0 (d,C-3′′,5′′),162.8 (s,C-4′′),166.3 (s,C-7′′),64.1 (q,3′-OCH3),其波谱数据与文献报道基本一致。
化合物7 4-methoxy-2,3,7-trihydroxyphenanthrene:白色粉末,MF:C15H12O4,MW:256;ESI-MS:m/z 257[M+H]+,1HNMR [(CD3)2CO,600 MHz]:δ 7.12 (1H,s,H-1),9.38 (1H,d,J = 9.3,H-5),7.20 (1H,d,J = 9.3,2.8,H-6),7.29 (1H,d,J = 2.8,H-8),7.98 (1H,d,J = 8.7,H-9),7.29 (1H,d,J = 8.7,H-10),4.07 (3H,s,4-OCH3);13CNMR [(CD3)2CO,125MHz]:δ 107.9 (d,C-1),155.2 (s,C-2),153.2 (s,C-3),156.7 (s,C-4),121.0 (s,C-4a),124.4 (s,C-4b),129.1 (d,C-5),115.8 (d,C-6),159.2 (s,C-7),115.9 (d,C-8),133.2 (s,C-8a),127.3 (d,C-9),125.1 (d,C-10),125.1 (s,C-10a),54.2 (q,3-OCH3)。
化合物8 2-hydroxy-4,7-dimethoxyphenanthrene:紫色固体,MF:C16H14O3,MW:254;ESI-MS:m/z 255[M+H]+,1HNMR [(CD3)2CO,600 MHz]:δ 9.44 (1H,d,J = 9.4,H-5),7.64 (1H,d,J = 8.7,H-9),7.57 (1H,d,J = 8.7,H-10),7.32 (1H,d,J = 2.8,H-8),7.19 (1H,d,J = 9.4,2.8,H-6),6.94 (1H,d,J = 1.9,H-1),6.85 (1H,d,J = 1.9,H-3),4.11 (3H,s,4-OCH3),3.95 (3H,s,7-OCH3);13CNMR [(CD3)2CO,125MHz]:δ 159.5 (s,C-4),156.7 (s,C-2),155.5 (s,C-7),134.8 (s,C-10a),133.1 (s,C-8a),129.0 (d,C-5),127.7 (d,C-9),127.1 (d,C-10),125.0 (s,C-4b),116.2 (d,C-6),114.7 (s,C-4a),108.7 (d,C-8),104.6 (d,C-1),99.5 (d,C-3),55.1 (q,4-OCH3),54.6 (q,7-OCH3),其波谱数据与文献报道基本一致。
化合物9 4,4′-dimethoxy-[1,1′-biphenanthrene] 2,2′,7,7′-tetrol:红色油状物,MF:C30H22O6,MW: 478; ESI-MS:m/z 479 [M+H]+,1HNMR [CD3OD,600 MHz]: δ 9.49 (2H,d,J = 9.30,H-5,5′),7.14 (2H,dd,J = 9.30,2.7,H-6,6′),7.33 (2H,d,J = 9.2,H-9,9′),7.03 (1H,d,J = 9.2,H-10,10′),7.01 (2H,s,H-3,3′),7.09 (2H,d,J = 2.7,H-8,8′),4.18 (6H,s,4,4′-OCH3); 13CNMR [(CD3)2CO,125MHz]: δ 110.1 (d,C-1,1′),159.2 (s,C-2,2′),99.0 (d,C-3,3′),153.2 (s,C-4,4′),115.6 (s,C-4a,4a′),124.4 (s,C-4b,4b′),129.1 (d,C-5,5′),110.7 (d,C-6,6′),154.0 (s,C-7,7′),115.9 (d,C-8,8′),133.2 (s,C-8a,8a′),127.1 (d,C-9,9′),124.6 (d,C-10,10′),134.1 (s,C-10a,10a′),54.7 (q,4,4′-OCH3),其波谱数据与文献报道基本一致。
化合物10 4,7,4′,9′-tetramethoxy-[1,1′-biphenanthrene]2,2′,7,7′-tetrol :红色油状物,MF: C32H26O8,ESI-MS: m/z 537[M-H]+; 1HNMR [(CD3)2CO,600 MHz]: δ 6.95 (1H,s,H-3),9.32 (1H,d,J = 9.4,H-5),7.20 (1H,dd,J = 9.4,2.4,H-6),7.76 (1H,d,J = 2.4,H-8),6.94 (1H,s,H-10),4.15 (3H,s,4-OCH3),3.84 (3H,s,9-OCH3),7.03 (1H,s,H-3′),9.25 (1H,s,H-5′),7.24 (1H,s,H-8′),7.39 (1H,d,J = 8.6,H-9′),7.01 (1H,d,J = 8.6,H-10′),4.24 (3H,s,4′-OCH3),4.07 (3H,s,6′-OCH3); 13CNMR [(CD3)2CO,150 MHz]: δ 109.3 (s,C-1),159.4 (s,C-2),99.2 (d,C-3),159.5 (s,C-4),115.5 (s,C-4a),125.4 (s,C-4b),127.2 (d,C-5),122.4 (d,C-6),159.4 (s,C-7),109.0 (d,C-8),127.1 (s,C-8a),154.2 (s,C-9),101.0 (d,C-10),134.6 (s,C-10a),55.2 (q,4-OCH3),55.1 (q,9-OCH3),111.3 (s,C-1′),150.0 (s,C-2′),99.7 (d,C-3′),159.4 (s,C-4′),120.7 (s,C-4a′),124.9 (s,C-4b′),109.3 (d,C-5′),147.7 (s,C-6′),145.2 (s,C-7′),111.3 (d,C-8′),127.1 (s,C-8a′),126.7 (d,C-9′),124.5 (d,C-10′),134.2 (s,C-10a′),60.5 (q,4′-OCH3) ,55.3 (q,6′-OCH3)。
化合物11 Bavachinine:黄色粉末,MF: C21H22O4,MW: 338; ESI-MS,361 [M+Na]+; 1HNMR [CDCl3,500 MHz]: δ 7.30 (2H,d,J = 8.0,H-3′,5′),6.91 (2H,d,J = 8.0,H-2′,6′),7.67 (1H,s,H-5),6.43 (1H,s,H-8),5.36 (1H,dd,J = 13.0,3.0,H-2),5.27 (1H,m,H-12),3.23 (2H,d,J = 7.5,H-11),3.03 (1H,dd,J = 17.0,,13.5,H-3a),2.78 (1H,d,J = 17.0,3.0,H-3b),1.72 (3H,s,H-14),1.68 (1H,s,H-15),3.85(3H,s,7-OCH3); 13CNMR [CDCl3,125 MHz]: δ 80.2 (d,C-2),44.3 (t,C-3),192.6 (s,C-4),127.5 (d,C-5),125.5 (s,C-6),164.9 (s,C-7),99.3 (d,C-8),163.1 (s,C-9),114.2 (s,C-10),28.2 (t,C-11),122.1 (d,C-12),133.5 (s,C-13),18.1 (q,C-14),26.2 (q,C-15),130.8 (s,C-1′),128.3 (d,C-2′,6′),116.2 (d,C-3′,5′),157.2 (s,C-4′),其波谱数据与文献报道基本一致。
化合物12 3-hydroxy-phenpropionic acid-(2′-methoxy-4′-carboxy-phenol) ester :红色晶体,MF: C17H16O6,MW: 316; ESI-MS: m/z 317[M+H]+; 1HNMR [(CD3)2CO,600 MHz]: δ 6.69 (1H,M,H-2),6.61 (1H,dd,J = 7.9,1.9,H-4),6.93 (1H,t,J = 7.9,H-5),6.91 (2H,m,H-6),2.79 (2H,t,J = 8.0,H-7),2.06 (2H,t,J = 8.0,H-8),7.60 (1H,s,H-3′),7.57 (1H,d,J = 8.0,H-5′),6.92 (1H,d,J = 8.0,H-6′),3.93 (3H,s,2′-OCH3); 13CNMR [(CD3)2CO,125MHz]: δ 143.2 (s,C-1),115.1 (d,C-2),161.7 (s,C-3),112.6 (d,C-4),130.0 (d,C-5),119.5 (d,C-6),29.3 (t,C-7),37.7 (t,C-8),170.0 (s,C-9),151.2 (s,C-1′),147.2 (d,C-2′),114.6 (d,C-3′),122.0 (s,C-4′),124.0 (d,C-5′),115.1 (d,C-6′),54.4 (q,2′-OCH3),166.7 (s,-COOH)。
2.2 化合物7~12抗肿瘤活性筛选结果
对化合物7~12进行了人体肺癌细胞株 (A549)、人体乳腺癌药物敏感细胞株 (MCF-7/S)、人体卵巢癌细胞株 (SKOV-3) 抑制活性,见表1。
表 1 化合物7~12对3种细胞株的细胞毒活性IC50 (μmol/L)Table 1. Cytotoxic activities of compounds 7~12 on three cell lines IC50 (μmol/L)化合物 A549 MCF-7/S SKOV-3 7 41.33 43.30 41.57 8 87.08 92.87 40.59 9 51.69 2.16 56.05 10 23.33 5.09 23.08 11 44.34 40.47 20.11 12 15.73 12.30 22.95 DDP 22.02 10.02 14.15 研究结果如上表,研究发现化合物9和10对MCF-7/S细胞株显示了很好的抑制活性,其IC50分别为2.16,5.09 μmol/L,以上作用强于阳性对照品DDP。
3. 讨论
药用植物杜鹃兰分离鉴定化合物结构类型为:化合物1为吡喃酮类二聚体[3],化合物3~4为甾体化合物[4-8],化合物5为木脂素类化合物[9],化合物6为黄酮类化合物[10],化合物7~10为菲类化合物[7-15],化合物11为二氢黄酮类化合物[16-17],化合物12为酯类化合物[16-17]。 抗肿瘤活性测试结果表明化合物9和10对MCF-7/S细胞株显示了很好的抑制活性。该研究为杜鹃兰的开发和利用提供了基础研究。
近年来,国内学者Wang Y等 [18]从杜鹃兰中分离得到化合物Blestriarene A,Blestriarene B,使用 MTT 方法评估化合物对 A549 和 Bel7402 细胞系的细胞毒性,以bufalin作为阳性对照。在检测的化合物中,两个化合物对A549细胞株表现出较弱的细胞毒活性(IC50分别为47.5、48.2 l M)。刘量等[19] 从杜鹃兰分离出5种新的双菲cremaphenanthrenes A-E 以及6个已知的双菲,对所获得的化合物都在体外测试了对结肠 (HCT-116)、宫颈 (Hela) 和乳腺癌 (MDA-MB-231) 癌细胞系的细胞毒性活性,所得二聚菲化合物均对三种细胞株表现出中等或弱的细胞毒性。《中国药典》中收载的中药材山慈菇,为兰科植物杜鹃兰、独蒜兰或云南独蒜兰的干燥假鳞茎。随着对山慈菇及其提取物生物活性研究的不断深入,其抗肿瘤、抗氧化、神经保护、抗菌、抗痛风、降脂降糖、提高造血功能及增强免疫等药理作用受到广泛关注;山慈菇还常与其他中药组成复方,在呼吸系统、消化系统、内分泌代谢系统等疾病的治疗方面疗效确切,具有很好的临床应用前景[20~22]。
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表 1 2组患者一般资料比较(
$ \bar x \pm s$ )Table 1. Comparison of general data between the two groups (
$ \bar x \pm s$ )组别 n 性别(n) 平均年龄(岁) 入院收缩压(mmHg) 糖尿病病程(a) 体重指数(kg/m2) HYNA心功能分级 男/女 Ⅱ级/Ⅲ级/Ⅳ级 对照组 32 18/14 74.6 ± 19.1 128.4 ± 7.7 5.88 ± 1.19 23.0 ± 1.2 10/16/6 研究组 32 19/13 74.8 ± 19.0 128.7 ± 8.8 5.87 ± 1.18 22.8 ± 1.1 9/17/6 χ2/t − 0.064 0.042 0.145 0.034 0.695 0.075 P − 0.800 0.967 0.885 0.973 0.490 0.784 表 2 2组治疗前、治疗3个月及治疗半年LVEF、LVEDD指标情况比较(
$ \bar x \pm s$ )Table 2. The LVEF and LVEDD indexes of the two groups before treatment,3 months and 6 months after treatment were compared (
$ \bar x \pm s$ )组别 n LVEF(%) LVEDD(mm) 治疗前 治疗3个月 治疗半年 治疗前 治疗3个月 治疗半年 对照组 32 41.2 ± 2.0 53.5 ± 1.8 54.4 ± 2.4 63.4 ± 5.0 58.4 ± 2.0 57.1 ± 1.0 研究组 32 41.9 ± 1.9 63.8 ± 3.5 64.9 ± 4.5 63.5 ± 5.1 54.2 ± 2.9 51.0 ± 1.9 t − 1.435 14.804 11.646 0.079 6.744 16.071 P − 0.156 0.001*# 0.001*# 0.937 0.001*# 0.001*# 与治疗前比较,*P < 0.05;与对照组比较,#P < 0.05。 表 3 2组治疗前、治疗3个月及治疗半年E/e′、6 min步行距离指标情况比较(
$ \bar x \pm s$ )Table 3. Comparison of E/e′ and 6 min walking distance indexes between the two groups before treatment,3 months and 6 months of treatment (
$ \bar x \pm s$ )组别 n E/e′ 6 min步行距离(m) 治疗前 治疗3个月 治疗半年 治疗前 治疗3个月 治疗半年 对照组 32 12.2 ± 2.7 10.0 ± 2.0 8.9 ± 1.7 302.3 ± 13.0 317.2 ± 14.0 387.1 ± 20.5 研究组 32 12.5 ± 2.8 8.1 ± 1.6 6.8 ± 1.2 306.7 ± 14.8 446.8 ± 18.7 472.6 ± 22.3 t − 0.436 4.196 5.709 1.264 31.384 15.967 P − 0.664 0.001*# 0.001*# 0.211 0.001*# 0.001*# 与治疗前比较,*P < 0.05;与对照组比较,#P < 0.05。 表 4 2组炎性因子、N端脑钠肽前体水平变化情况对比(
$ \bar x \pm s$ )Table 4. Comparison of changes in inflammatory factors and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels between the two groups (
$ \bar x \pm s$ )组别 n hs-CRP(mg/L) TNF-α(ng/L) NT-proBNP(ng/L) 治疗前 治疗3个月 治疗半年 治疗前 治疗3个月 治疗半年 治疗前 治疗3个月 治疗半年 对照组 32 9.7 ± 1.1 7.3 ± 1.3 6.6 ± 0.9 82.6 ± 15.1 53.0 ± 10.5 40.9 ± 13.0 3084.6 ± 224.1 2166.4 ± 110.6 989.4 ± 28.8 研究组 32 9.9 ± 1.3 5.5 ± 1.2 4.7 ± 0.4 84.5 ± 13.1 34.5 ± 6.2 23.2 ± 1.6 3075.7 ± 219.8 1274.3 ± 119.4 622.6 ± 20.0 t − 0.664 5.755 10.913 0.538 8.582 7.644 0.160 31.007 59.177 P − 0.509 0.001*# 0.001*# 0.592 0.001*# 0.001*# 0.873 0.001*# 0.001*# 与治疗前比较,*P < 0.05;与对照组比较,#P < 0.05。 表 5 2组不良反应情况对比(n)
Table 5. Comparison of adverse reactions between the two groups (n)
组别 n 胃肠道
反应泌尿系统
感染低血糖 发生率
[n(%)]对照组 32 2 1 1 4(12.5) 研究组 32 1 1 1 3(9.4) χ2 − − − − 0.156 P − − − − 0.692 -
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