Association between Unmet Needs and Dyadic Coping of Breast Cancer Patients and Spouses after Radical Mastectomy
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摘要:
目的 调查乳腺癌根治性手术后患者及其配偶未满足需求与二元应对水平之间的交互关系,为医护人员制订干预方案以帮助乳腺癌患者及配偶改善其生活质量提供参考。 方法 采用便利抽样法选取2021年6月至2022年1月在云南省肿瘤医院住院的110对乳腺癌根治性手术后患者及其配偶,采用乳腺癌患者需求量表、乳腺癌患者配偶需求量表、二元应对量表进行调查,通过主客体互倚模型(APIM)分析患者及配偶的未满足需求与二元应对的关系。 结果 共发放问卷110份,回收有效问卷104份,问卷有效回收率为94.5%。患者及其配偶的未满足需求及二元应对水平总体处于中等偏上水平。患者的压力沟通得分高于配偶(P < 0.001),配偶的消极应对得分高于患者(P < 0.05)。患者的二元应对与配偶的未满足需求呈正相关(r = 0.239,P < 0.05),与配偶的二元应对呈正相关(r = 0.542,P < 0.001);配偶的二元应对与自身的未满足需求呈正相关(r = 0.378,P < 0.001);患者的未满足需求与配偶的未满足需求呈正相关(r = 0.197,P < 0.05)。主客体互依模型结果显示,在主体效应中,配偶未满足需求可以正向预测自身的二元应对(β = 0.350,P < 0.05);在客体效应中,配偶未满足需求可以正向预测患者的二元应对(β = 0.464,P < 0.001)。 结论 患者的二元应对水平受配偶未满足需求的影响,且与配偶的二元应对紧密相关;而配偶二元应对水平受自身未满足需求的影响,且患者的未满足需求与配偶的未满足需求紧密相关。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the interaction between the level of unmet needs and dyadic coping of breast cancer patients and their spouses after radical mastectomy, and to provide reference for health care workers to develop intervention programs to help breast cancer patients and their spouses improve their quality of life. Methods 110 patients who were hospitalized in Yunnan Cancer Hospital from June 2021 to January 2022 after radical mastectomy and their spouses were selected by convenience sampling method. The Chinese Version of Need for Breast Cancer Patients and Spouse Scale, and Dyadic Coping Inventory were used to measure the level of unmet needs and dyadic coping of participants respectively. The relationship between the level of unmet needs and dyadic coping of breast cancer patients and their spouses was analyzed by the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM). Results In this study, a total of 110 questionnaires were distributed, and 104 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 94.5%. The unmet needs and dyadic coping levels of patients and their spouses were generally above the medium level. The stress communication score of patients was higher than that of spouses (P < 0.001), and the negative coping score of spouses was higher than that of patients (P < 0.05). The level of dyadic coping of breast cancer patients was positively correlated with the level of unmet needs of their spouses (r = 0.239, P < 0.05), and positively correlated with the level of dyadic coping of their spouses (r = 0.542, P < 0.001). The level of dyadic coping of spouses was positively correlated with their unmet needs (r = 0.378, P < 0.001). The level of unmet needs of breast cancer patients was positively correlated with that of their spouses (r = 0.197, P < 0.05). The results of the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model showed that in the subjective effect, the level of unmet needs of spouses could positively predict their own level of dyadic coping (β = 0.350, P < 0.05). In the object effect, the level of unmet needs of spouses could positively predict the level of dyadic coping of breast cancer patients (β = 0.464, P < 0.001). Conclusion The level of dyadic coping of breast cancer patients is influenced by the level of unmet needs of their spouses, and is closely related to the level of the dyadic coping of their spouses. The level of dyadic coping of spouses is influenced by their own unmet needs, and the level of unmet needs of breast cancer patients are closely related to the level of unmet needs of their spouses. -
Key words:
- Breast cancer patient /
- Spouse /
- Unmet needs /
- Dyadic coping
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表 1 研究对象的一般人口学特征
Table 1. General demographic characteristics of the study subjects
项目 分类 患者 配偶 数量(n) 构成比(%) 数量(n) 构成比(%) 年龄(岁) 20~ 4 3.8 2 1.9 30~ 20 19.2 22 21.2 40~ 40 38.5 38 36.5 50~ 31 29.8 34 32.7 60 9 8.7 8 7.7 婚龄(a) <10 11 10.6 - - 10~ 24 23.1 - - 20~ 35 33.6 - - ≥30 34 32.7 - - 职业 企/事业单位 45 43.3 41 39.4 离/退休 14 13.5 7 6.7 农民 35 33.6 37 35.6 其它 10 9.6 19 18.3 文化程度 大专、本科、研究生 41 39.4 42 40.4 高中、中专 24 23.1 23 22.1 初中 23 22.1 22 21.2 小学 16 15.4 17 16.3 家庭月收入(元) ≤3000 42 40.4 - - 3001~ 25 24.0 - - 5001~ 31 29.8 - - ≥10000 6 5.8 - - 医疗付费方式 职工医保 57 54.8 - - 城镇医保 11 10.6 - - 新农合医保 36 34.6 - - 测评时间点(d) 术后3~ 37 35.6 - - 7~ 35 33.7 - - 14~ 10 9.6 - - 30 22 21.1 - - 居住地 城市 65 62.5 - - 农村 39 37.5 - - 疾病分期 Ⅰ期 2 1.9 - - Ⅱ期 97 93.3 - - Ⅲ期 5 4.8 - - 表 2 乳腺癌根治性手术后患者及其配偶的二元应对与未满足需求得分比较[(
$\bar x \pm s $ ),分]Table 2. Comparison of scores of dyadic coping and unmet needs of patients after Radical Mastectomy and their spouses[(
$\bar x \pm s $ ),score]项目 患者(分)(n = 104) 配偶(分) (n = 104) t P 二元应对总分 123.15 ± 15.41 124.71 ± 13.80 −1.130 0.261 压力沟通 15.16 ± 2.17 14.05 ± 2.16 4.471 < 0.001** 支持应对 34.61 ± 5.20 33.63 ± 4.76 1.685 0.095 授权应对 13.86 ± 2.76 14.03 ± 2.54 −0.570 0.570 共同应对 18.58 ± 2.85 18.79 ± 2.56 −0.736 0.464 积极二元应对 67.04 ± 8.71 66.45 ± 8.26 0.660 0.510 消极应对 33.29 ± 5.69 35.39 ± 4.84 −3.585 0.001* 未满足需求总分 122.63 ± 14.02 96.89 ± 11.61 − − 生理需求 23.07 ± 3.33 8.09 ± 1.33 − − 安全需求 39.03 ± 5.10 30.83 ± 4.08 − − 爱与归属需求 16.83 ± 2.24 23.60 ± 3.99 − − 尊重需求 31.57 ± 4.04 21.93 ± 2.29 − − 自我实现需求 12.14 ± 1.66 12.45 ± 1.87 − − *P < 0.05,**P < 0.001。 表 3 乳腺癌根治性手术后患者及其配偶二元应对与未满足需求的相关性分析(r,P)
Table 3. Correlation between the level of dyadic coping and unmet needs of patients and their spouses after Radical Mastectomy (r,P)
项目 P二元应对 P未满足需求 S二元应对 S未满足需求 P二元应对 1 − − − P未满足需求 −0.075 1 − − S二元应对 0.542** 0.015 1 − S未满足需求 0.239* 0.197* 0.378** 1 P代表患者(n = 104),S代表配偶(n = 104)。*P < 0.05,**P < 0.001。 -
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