Effect of Shen-ling-bai-zhu-san on Methamphetamine-Induced Gut Microbiota Change in Mice
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摘要:
目的 探究参苓白术散(SLBZS)干预甲基苯丙胺(METH)诱导小鼠肠道微生物种群的作用机制。 方法 SPF级C57BL/6J小鼠,分为生理盐水组、METH组、SLBZS+METH组,后两组使用METH注射3周,以及METH注射后参苓白术散灌胃给药1周,随后测定小鼠外周血免疫生化指标,收集小肠粪便样本开展16S rRNA测序。 结果 相比METH组,SLBZS+METH组的小鼠提高白细胞、淋巴细胞百分比及数量(P < 0.05),降低中性粒细胞的数量(P < 0.05),说明SLBZS增强METH组小鼠的免疫力,降低了炎症反应。16S rRNA测序结果显示METH组小鼠肠道菌群操作分类单元(OTU)的数量降低,METH处理的小鼠出现奇异变形杆菌、芽孢杆菌、乙酸钙不动杆菌等致病菌。SLBZS给药METH处理的小鼠使其肠道菌群OTU的数量增加,并提高碳水化合物、辅因子和维生素、氨基酸的代谢、细胞活性以及适应环境功能的丰度。 结论 SLBZS能够改善METH处理小鼠免疫反应,以及肠道微生物种群组成和功能。 Abstract:Objective To explore the effect and regulatory mechanism of Shen-ling-bai-zhu-san (SLBZS), a traditional Chinese medicine, on methamphetamine (METH)-induced gut microbiota change in mice. Methods SPF C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups: saline group, METH group, and SLBZS+METH group, the latter two groups of mice were intraperitoneal injected METH for three weeks and intragastric administration of SLBZS for one week after METH injection, the immunological and biochemical indexes of mice peripheral blood were examined, and intestinal fecal samples of mice were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing, and then subjected to bioinformatic analysis. Results Compared to METH group, the percentage and number of white blood cells and lymphocytes were significantly increased ( P < 0.05), while the number of neutrophils decreased in SLBZS+METH group (P < 0.05), which indicated that SLBZS can enhance immunity and reduce the inflammatory response of METH-treated mice. The data of 16S rRNA sequencing indicated that the number of Operational Taxonomic Unit (OTU) of gut microbiota decreased in the METH group, which was characterized by the presence of pathogenic bacteria including Proteus mirabilis, Bittarella_massiliensis, Acinetobacter calcoacetate, etc. SLBZS administration increased the OTU number of gut microbiota, functional abundance of metabolism related to carbohydrates, cofactors, vitamins, amino acids, cell activity, and environmental adaptation. Conclusion SLBZS improves the immune response and the composition and function of gut microbiota in METH-treated mice. -
Key words:
- Shen-ling-bai-zhu-san /
- Methamphetamine /
- Gut microbiota
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表 1 小鼠外周血免疫和生化指标的变化(中位数(范围),n = 5)
Table 1. The change of immune and biochemical indices in three mice groups (Medians with range,n = 5)
检测指标 saline组 METH组 SLBZS + METH组 P
(saline vs
METH)P
(saline vs
SLBZS+
METH)P
(METH vs
SLBZS+
METH)白细胞 (×109/L) 6.22 (5.73~8.57) 3.31 (2.42~5.29) 6.82 (4.76~7.50) 0.004** 0.728 0.015* 中性粒细胞 (%) 5.50 (5.20~7.10) 10.30 (8.10~15.00) 9.30 (2.10~15.10) 0.024 0.467 0.340 中性粒细胞 (×109/L) 0.25 (0.16~0.32) 0.67 (0.44~0.92) 0.40 (0.10~0.64) 0.021* 0.380 0.008** 淋巴细胞 (%) 94.50 (92.90~94.80) 89.60 (85.00~90.90) 90.70 (84.60~97.50) 0.012* 0.457 0.546 淋巴细胞 (×109/L) 5.86 (5.24~8.11) 3.01 (2.22~4.88) 4.77 (3.32~6.80) 0.020* 0.310 0.161 红细胞 (×1012/L) 12.34 (11.21~12.67) 11.85 (11.78~12.10) 12.13 (11.70~13.07) 0.580 0.783 0.332 血红蛋白浓度 (g/L) 177 (173~188) 175 (169~177) 180 (170~187) 0.368 0.998 0.515 红细胞比容 (L/L) 0.69 (0.62~0.73) 0.67 (0.63~0.68) 0.66 (0.65~0.70) 0.571 0.876 0.625 红细胞压积 (Fl) 55.70 (55.20~57.50) 56.00 (53.20~56.50) 64.60 (53.60~55.70) 0.656 0.117 0.317 平均血红蛋白量 (pg) 14.40 (14.30~14.80) 14.50 (14.30~14.80) 14.50 (14.30~14.80) 0.987 0.615 0.989 红细胞血红蛋白浓度 (g/L) 259 (253~263) 258 (257~268) 264 (261~272) 0.887 0.062 0.445 红细胞体积分布宽度 (CV %) 21 (20~21) 21 (21~22) 21 (21~23) 0.334 0.178 0.382 红细胞体积分布宽度 (SD %) 25 (23~27) 27 (25~29) 25 (24~27) 0.264 0.966 0.303 血小板 (×109/L) 1217 (1073-1640) 1270 (1126-1412) 1222 (950-1386) 0.996 0.602 0.589 降钙素原 (%) 0.90 (0.62~1.15) 0.85 (0.78~1.00) 0.76 (0.62~0.82) 0.998 0.331 0.175 血小板平均容积 (fL) 6.70 (6.70~7.50) 6.90 (6.70~7.10) 6.50 (5.50~6.80) 0.959 0.243 0.147 血小板体积分布宽度 (fL) 7.20 (7.10~8.60) 7.30 (7.20~7.70) 7.10 (6.80~7.10) 0.769 0.208 0.143 大型血小板比率 (%) 4.70 (3.90~5.80) 5.10 (4.00~6.40) 3.80 (3.10~4.40) 0.911 0.010* 0.140 *P < 0.05,**P < 0.01。 表 2 小鼠共有和独有的肠道微生物物种的注释
Table 2. The annotation of common and exclusive species of gut microflora in three mice groups
范围 物种(Species) saline、SLBZS + METH共有 葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus_sp),耐盐咸海鲜球菌(Jeotgalicoccus_sp_M3T9B12),乳杆菌(Lactobacillus_sp_C4I9),消化乳杆菌(Lactobacillus_alimentarius),多形拟杆菌(Bacteroides_thetaiotaomicron),普通拟杆菌(Bacteroides_vulgatus),瘤胃梭菌(Ruminiclostridium_sp_KB18) METH仅有 奇异变形杆菌(Proteus mirabilis),另枝菌(Alistipes_indistinctus_YIT_12060),乙酸钙不动杆菌(Acinetobacter calcoaceticus),芽孢杆菌(Bittarella_massiliensis),沙克乳酸杆菌(Lactobacillus sakei),动物双叉乳酸杆菌(Bifidobacterium animalis),詹氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus jensenii) METH、SLBZS + METH共有 谷氨酸棒状杆菌(Corynebacterium_glutamicum),豚双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium_choerinum),嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus_acidophilus),乳酪棒杆菌(Corynebacterium_casei),放线菌(Enteractinococcus_viverrae),乳酸乳球菌(Lactococcus_lactis),黄色瘤胃球菌(Ruminococcus_flavefaciens),表皮短杆菌(Brevibacterium_epidermidis),双岐杆菌(Bifidobacterium_sp_MC_8),另枝菌(Alistipes_obesi),耳蜗形梭菌(Clostridium_cocleatum),同型产乙酸菌(Blautia_coccoides),分节丝状菌(Candidatus_Arthromitus_sp_SFB-mouse-Japan),沙氏别样杆菌(Alistipes_shahii_WAL_8301) 表 3 小鼠肠道微生物的α多样性(
$\bar x \pm s $ )Table 3. The alpha diversity of intestinal microflora in mice (
$\bar x \pm s $ )参数 saline METH SLBZS ± METH 多样性指数(sobs) 2863.17 ± 128.79 2776.50 ± 211.26 2830.67 ± 94.37 香农指数(shannon) 9.13 ± 0.20 8.92 ± 0.32 8.96 ± 0.11 辛普森指数(simpson) 0.99 ± 0.00 0.99 ± 0.00 0.99 ± 0.00 Chao1指数 2863.17 ± 128.79 2776.50 ± 211.26 2830.67 ± 94.37 基于丰度的覆盖估计值(ACE) 2863.17 ± 128.79 2776.50 ± 211.26 2830.67 ± 94.37 覆盖率(coverage) 1.00 ± 0.00 1.00 ± 0.00 1.00 ± 0.00 -
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