Differences of Placental Microbiota DNA between Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Normal Full-term Mothers
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摘要:
目的 探讨妊娠期糖尿病与正常足月儿母亲胎盘菌群DNA的差异，为今后深入研究提供参考数据。 方法 采集2018年2至9月在昆明医科大学第一附属医院产科分娩的足月儿母亲胎盘组织共30例，按是否伴有妊娠期糖尿病分为妊娠期糖尿病组（A组）与正常足月儿组（B组），通过Illumina MiSeq测序系统对胎盘组织中的细菌DNA进行测序后进行分析，比较2组胎盘菌群DNA的差异。 结果 所测定胎盘组织中都有以变形菌门、放线菌门、厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门等菌门为主的菌群DNA。采用LEfSe分析得出2组胎盘菌群DNA在门、纲水平上差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05），属水平上，丙酸杆菌属、栖热菌属、柯林斯菌属、梭状芽胞杆属IV、另枝菌属、厌氧菌属的相对丰度在妊娠期糖尿病组中显著升高（LDA > 2）。 结论 胎盘组织中可以检测到一定量的细菌DNA，母亲妊娠期糖尿病与正常足月儿其母亲胎盘菌群DNA的组成和丰度存在差异，这种差异可能影响妊娠期糖尿病的发生及预后，值得深入研究。 -
关键词:
- 胎盘菌群DNA /
- 16s rDNA高通量测序 /
- 妊娠期糖尿病 /
- 足月儿
Abstract:Objective To explore the differences of maternal placental microbiota DNA between gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） and normal full-term infants, and provide reference data for further research. Methods A total of 30 cases of full-term infants’ placental tissue were collected from February to September 2018 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University. The cases were divided into two groups: the gestational diabetes group （Group A） and the normal full-term infants group （Group B）, based on the presence or absence of gestational diabetes. The bacterial DNA in the placental tissue was sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq sequencing system, and the differences in placental microbiota DNA between the two groups were compared. Results The DNA of microbial communities in the placental tissue was mainly composed of phyla such as Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes. LEfSe analysis showed no statistically significant differences in the microbial communities at the phylum and class levels between the two groups （P > 0.05）. However, at the genus level, the relative abundance of Propionibacterium, Thermus, Collinsella, Clostridium IV, Alistipes and Anaerostipes was significantly higher in the gestational diabetes group （LDA > 2）. Conclusion The results of our study indicates that there are a rich microbiome DNA in the maternal placenta and that the composition and abundance of microbiome DNA are different between GDM and normal full-term infants, which may affect the occurrence and prognosis of GDM and deserves further study. -
图 1 细菌DNA的提取及illumina测序实验流程图
Figure 1. Experimental flow chart of bacterial DNA extraction and illumina sequencing
图 2 OTU数据统计图（a）和OTU Venn图（b）
A：妊娠期糖尿病组；B：正常足月儿组。
Figure 2. Statistical chart of otu data （a） and OTU Venn chart （b）
图 8 组间Alpha多样性指数差异图
A：妊娠期糖尿病组；B：正常足月儿组。
Figure 8. Difference diagram of Alpha diversity index between groups
图 9 Shepard图（a）；NMDS图（b）
A：妊娠期糖尿病组；B：正常足月儿组。
Figure 9. Shepard diagram （a）；NMDS diagram （b）
图 11 物种进化树图（a）；组间 LDA分值分布图（b）
A：妊娠期糖尿病组。
Figure 11. Phylogenetic tree diagram （a）；Distribution chart of LDA scores between groups （b）
表 1 A组与B组母婴一般情况比较（
$\bar x \pm s $ ）Table 1. Comparison of maternal and infant general conditions between group A and B （
$\bar x \pm s $ ）项目 妊娠期糖尿病组（A组，n = 4） 正常足月儿组（B组，n = 6） t P 性别
男/女（n）1/3 1/5 − 0.9991 出生方式
顺产/剖宫产（n）2/2 5/1 − 0.5001 脐动脉pH 7.230 ± 0.116 7.280 ± 0.036 0.834 0.459 脐动脉乳酸
（mmol/L）4.775 ± 3.398 4.550 ± 1.499 0.146 0.888 脐静脉pH 7.283 ± 0.079 7.358 ± 0.040 −1.770 0.151 脐静脉乳酸
（mmol/L）4.450 ± 3.440 4.733 ± 1.435 −0.183 0.859 母亲年龄（岁） 37.000 ± 5.888 28.330 ± 6.532 2.312 0.066 母亲孕前身体质量指数BMI（kg/m2） 25.519 ± 2.536 19.728 ± 1.429 4.671 0.002* 胎龄（d） 268.500 ± 9.256 273.000 ± 8.741 −0.780 0.458 出生体重（g） 2777.50 ± 634.27 3100.000 ± 337.460 −1.060 0.320 身长（cm） 47.500 ± 4.041 50.000 ± 1.789 −1.359 0.211 头围（cm） 32.750 ± 1.500 33.670 ± 1.211 −1.070 0.316 1为Fisher确切概率法计算的P值，*P < 0.05。 
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