Changes of Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Subsets of Population De-adaptated from High Altitude
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摘要:
目的 了解移居高原低氧环境人群返回中海拔地区后外周血淋巴细胞亚群的变化，探讨高原脱适应对健康人免疫功能的影响。 方法 采用流式细胞术检测47例高原人员返回中海拔地区15 d内淋巴细胞亚群的变化。 结果 高原居住时间≥1 a的人员在返回中海拔地区第1天比高原居住时间 < 1 a的人员CD3+T细胞更低、B细胞更高（P < 0.05）；高原居住时间≥1 a的人员在返回中海拔地区第15天比高原居住时间 < 1 a的人员B淋巴细胞更高（P < 0.01）。高原人群返回中海拔地区15 d外周血T淋巴细胞亚群中CD8+T细胞百分含量升高（P < 0.05），CD4+T细胞比CD8+T细胞比率下降（P < 0.05）；自然杀伤（natural killer，NK）细胞百分含量升高（P < 0.05）；细胞因子诱导的杀伤（cytokine-induced killer ，CIK）细胞百分含量升高（P < 0.01）；CD3+T细胞、CD4+T细胞和B细胞差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。 结论 高原脱适应人群外周血淋巴细胞亚群与年龄、海拔及高原居住时间的分析提示高原居住时长会影响机体脱适应期的细胞免疫和体液免疫。高原脱适应期人外周血CD8+T淋巴细胞、NK细胞及CIK细胞百分含量上升，提示高原脱适应主要通过作用细胞免疫和非特异性免疫过程影响机体免疫功能。 -
关键词:
- 高原脱适应 /
- T淋巴细胞 /
- B淋巴细胞 /
- 自然杀伤细胞 /
- 细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞
Abstract:Objective To understand the changes in peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in individuals who have migrated to high-altitude low-oxygen environments and returned to lower altitude areas, and to explore the impact of high-altitude deadaptation on the immune function of healthy individuals. Methods The changes of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in 47 migrants within 15 days de-adaptated from high altitude were measured by flow cytometry. Results People with a residence time of ≥1 year in high-altitude areas had lower CD3+ T cell levels and higher B cell levels on the first day of returning to low-altitude regions compared to those with a residence time of < 1 year （P < 0.05）. On the 15th day of returning to low-altitude regions, people with a residence time of ≥1 year in high-altitude areas had higher B lymphocyte levels compared to those with a residence time of < 1 year （P < 0.01）. In the peripheral blood T lymphocyte subgroups of high-altitude residents returning to low-altitude regions after 15 days, the percentage of CD8+ T cells increased （P < 0.05）, the ratio of CD4+ T cells to CD8+ T cells decreased （P < 0.05）, the percentage of natural killer （NK） cells increased （P < 0.05）, and the percentage of cytokine-induced killer （CIK） cells increased （P < 0.01）. There was no statistically significant difference in CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, and B cells （P > 0.05）. Conclusions Analysis of peripheral blood lymphocyte subgroups in populations adapted to high altitudes suggests that the duration of residence at high altitudes affects cellular and humoral immunity during the de-adaptation period. The percentage of CD8+ T lymphocytes, NK cells, and CIK cells in the peripheral blood of individuals during the de-adaptation period at high altitudes increases, indicating that the main effect of high-altitude de-adaptation is to affect the immune function of the body through cellular immunity and non-specific immune processes. -
图 1 不同高原居住时间的人员返回亚高原地区第1天外周血淋巴细胞亚群百分比
A：淋巴细胞百分比；B：CD4+/CD8+；*P < 0.05。
Figure 1. The percentages of different resident duration of immigrant’s peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets within first day de-adaptated from high altitude
图 2 不同高原居住时间的人员返回亚高原地区第15天外周血淋巴细胞亚群百分比
A：淋巴细胞百分比；B：CD4+/CD8+；*P < 0.05。
Figure 2. The percentages of different resident duration of immigrant’s peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets within last day de-adaptated from high altitude
图 3 高原脱适应人群免疫功能状态的分布分析
Figure 3. The analysis of immune function status of immigrants de-adaptated from high altitude
表 1 高原脱适应期第1天外周血淋巴细胞亚群百分比与其基本特征的相关性（
$\bar x \pm s $ ）Table 1. The percentages of migrant’s peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and its basic characteristics within first day de-adaptated from high altitude （
$\bar x \pm s $ ）淋巴细胞 年龄（岁） 海拔（m） < 30 ≥30 ≤4500 > 4500 n 27 20 13 34 CD3+ 68.17 ± 8.02 68.48 ± 7.73 67.89 ± 10.33 68.46 ± 6.80 CD3+CD4+ 36.27 ± 7.44 36.14 ± 6.85 35.75 ± 7.53 36.39 ± 7.06 CD3+CD8+ 26.11 ± 5.22 26.42 ± 9.85 26.20 ± 10.07 26.26 ± 6.36 CD4+/CD8+ 1.50 ± 0.51 1.58 ± 0.63 1.54 ± 0.52 1.53 ± 0.58 NK 14.34 ± 6.93 14.02 ± 6.66 14.30 ± 7.67 14.17 ± 6.48 CIK 12.55 ± 12.33 11.02 ± 11.95 14.30 ± 13.19 10.99 ± 11.68 CD19+ 10.15 ± 3.63 11.75 ± 3.73 10.67 ± 1.84 10.89 ± 4.24 
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表 2 高原脱适应期第15天外周血淋巴细胞亚群百分比与其基本特征的相关性（
$\bar x \pm s $ ）Table 2. Percentages of immigrant’s peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and its basic characteristics within last day de-adaptated from high altitude （
$\bar x \pm s $ ）淋巴细胞 年龄（岁） 海拔（m） < 30 ≥30 ≤4500 > 4500 n 27 20 13 34 CD3+ 71.20 ± 5.88 68.40 ± 9.29 69.65 ± 10.35 70.15 ± 6.37 CD3+CD4+ 37.82 ± 6.87 35.47 ± 7.43 34.65 ± 7.79 37.65 ± 6.80 CD3+CD8+ 28.21 ± 5.91 25.57 ± 9.64 28.05 ± 9.71 26.72 ± 6.97 CD4+/CD8+ 1.42 ± 0.45 1.51 ± 0.72 1.29 ± 0.41 1.52 ± 0.62 NK 14.27 ± 6.80 19.29 ± 9.71 19.25 ± 9.77 15.32 ± 7.77 CIK 20.63 ± 12.85 21.26 ± 13.36 23.06 ± 13.59 20.07 ± 12.78 CD19+ 10.21 ± 3.99 10.51 ± 4.05 10.07 ± 2.56 10.44 ± 4.43
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表 3 高原脱适应期人外周血淋巴细胞亚群百分比变化（
$\bar x \pm s $ ）Table 3. The changes of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets of immigrants de-adaptated from high altitude （
$\bar x \pm s $ ）淋巴细胞 高原脱适应期第1天 高原脱适应期第15天 t P n 47 47 CD3+ 68.30 ± 7.81 70.01 ± 7.56 −1.847 0.065 CD3+CD4+ 36.21 ± 7.12 36.82 ± 7.13 −0.849 0.400 CD3+CD8+ 26.24 ± 7.45 27.08 ± 7.74 −2.191 0.028* CD4+/CD8+ 1.52 ± 0.56 1.46 ± 0.57 −2.322 0.020* NK 14.20 ± 6.74 16.40 ± 8.45 −2.199 0.033* CIK 11.90 ± 12.06 20.90 ± 12.93 −3.985 < 0.001** CD19+ 10.83 ± 3.72 10.34 ± 3.97 1.261 0.214 *P < 0.05；** P < 0.01。
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