An Investigative Study of Depression-Anxiety-Stress Situation and its Influencing Factors among Dental Interns
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摘要:
目的 了解口腔医学实习生实习期间抑郁-焦虑-压力的情况及其相关影响因素。 方法 使用DASS-21量表,对某高校120名口腔医学本科生,分别在实习前期、中期、后期采用匿名、在线、封闭式问卷调查的方法进行评估。 结果 实习的3个阶段,学生们实习后期的抑郁感得分与实习前期比较,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。女学生实习后期的焦虑、抑郁得分与实习前期比较,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。三级医院实习的学生和自愿填报志愿的学生,实习后期的抑郁感得分与实习前期比较,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05),且实习后期抑郁得分均高于实习前期。 结论 口腔医学生在实习期间的心理健康受到多种因素的影响,较为突出的是实习后期的心理负面得分偏高。其中女学生实习后期的焦虑、抑郁得分均高于实习前期,此外口腔医学实习生在3个实习阶段的抑郁-焦虑-压力情况因实习医院级别的不同而有所差异。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the occurrence and related factors of depression, anxiety, and stress among oral medicine interns during their internship. Methods Using the DASS-21 scale, a survey was conducted among 120 undergraduate oral medicine students of a university. Assessments were done at the beginning, middle, and end of their internship using anonymous, online, closed-questionnaire methods. Results During the three phases of the internship, there was a statistically significant difference between the students’ depression scores in the late internship compared to the early internship (P < 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in anxiety and depression scores of female students in the late internship compared to the pre-internship stage (P < 0.05). The difference in depression scores in the late internship period compared to the pre-internship period was statistically significant (P < 0.05) for students who interned in tertiary care hospitals and those who voluntarily chose their major, and the depression scores were higher in the late internship period than in the pre-internship period. Conclusion The psychological health of dental students during their internship is affected by a variety of factors, the more prominent of which is the high negative psychological scores in the late internship period. Among the female students, anxiety and depression scores were higher in the late internship period than in the early internship period. In addition, the depression-anxiety-stress profiles of dentistry interns in the three internship phases varied according to the level of the internship hospital. -
Key words:
- Dental interns /
- Depression /
- Anxiety /
- Stress
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表 1 不同实习阶段所有学生压力、焦虑、抑郁得分[M(P25,P75)]
Table 1. Stress,anxiety,and depression scores of all students at different stages of internships [M(P25,P75)]
量表维度 实习时期总得分 H P 实习前期 (n=103) 实习中期 (n=74) 实习后期 (n=73) 压力 10.00(8.00,13.00) 8.50(7.00,13.25) 11.00(7.50,14.00) 3.680 0.159 焦虑 9.00(7.00,10.00) 9.00(7.00,11.00) 10.00(7.00,12.00) 3.991 0.136 抑郁 8.00(7.00,11.00) 8.00(7.00,12.00) 10.00(7.50,13.00)△ 11.653 0.003* *P < 0.05;与实习前期比较,△P < 0.05。 表 2 实习期间学生压力的变化[M(P25,P75)]
Table 2. Changes in student stress during internship [M(P25,P75)]
变量 压力得分 H P 实习前期 (n=103) 实习中期 (n=74) 实习后期 (n=73) 性别 男 9.00(8.00,13.00) 8.00(7.00,14.00) 10.00(7.00,14.00) 0.671 0.715 女 10.00(8.00,13.00) 9.00(8.00,13.00) 11.00(9.00,14.00) 3.978 0.137 父母是否从事医学相关职业 是 10.00(8.00,13.00) 14.00(8.00,14.50) 14.00(11.00,15.50) 5.184 0.075 否 10.00(8.00,13.00) 8.00(7.00,12.00) 10.00(7.00,13.00) 3.094 0.213 实习医院级别 一级 8.00(7.00,12.25) 12.00(7.50,16.50) 11.00(8.50,16.00) 2.203 0.332 二级 12.00(10.25,13.00) 7.00(7.00,9.00) 12.00(11.00,13.00)△ 6.605 0.037* 三级 10.00(8.00,13.00) 9.00(8.00,13.75) 11.00(7.00,14.00) 1.982 0.371 口腔医学专业是否自愿填报 是 10.00(8.00,13.00) 8.00(7.00,12.00) 11.00(7.00,13.00) 2.088 0.352 否 13.50(7.75,14.00) 13.00(8.00,15.00) 15.50(13.25,24.75) 3.961 0.138 *P < 0.05;与实习中期比较,△P < 0.05。 表 3 实习期间学生焦虑的变化[M(P25,P75)]
Table 3. Changes in student anxiety during internship [M(P25,P75)]
变量 焦虑得分 H P 实习前期 (n=103) 实习中期 (n=74) 实习后期 (n=73) 性别 男 9.00(7.00,11.00) 8.00(7.00,10.00) 8.00(7.00,11.00) 2.346 0.309 女 9.00(7.00,10.00) 9.00(7.00,11.00) 10.00(8.00,12.75)△ 7.395 0.025* 父母是否从事医学相关职业 是 9.00(7.00,11.00) 10.00(7.00,13.00) 12.00(9.00,14.50) 5.024 0.081 否 9.00(7.00,10.00) 8.00(7.00,10.00) 9.00(7.00,12.00) 2.841 0.242 实习医院级别 一级 9.00(7.00,9.75) 9.00(7.00,13.00) 11.00(7.00,16.75) 1.228 0.541 二级 10.50(9.25,11.00) 7.00(7.00,7.50)△ 10.00(9.00,12.00)# 9.641 0.008* 三级 9.00(7.00,10.00) 9.00(7.00,11.00) 9.00(7.00,12.00) 1.299 0.522 口腔医学专业是否自愿填报 是 9.00(7.00,10.00) 8.00(7.00,10.00) 9.00(7.00,12.00) 2.701 0.259 否 11.50(7.25(14.75) 11.00(9.00,14.00) 15.00(11.50,24.75) 3.658 0.161 *P < 0.05;与实习前期比较,#P < 0.05;与实习中期比较,△P < 0.05。 表 4 实习期间学生抑郁的变化[M(P25,P75)]
Table 4. Changes in student depression during internship [M(P25,P75)]
变量 抑郁得分 H P 实习前期 (n=103) 实习中期 (n=74) 实习后期 (n=73) 性别 男 8.00(7.00,11.00) 8.00(7.00,13.00) 8.00(7.00,13.50) 1.476 0.478 女 8.00(7.00,10.25) 8.00(7.00,12.00) 10.00(8.00,12.00)△ 10.569 0.005* 父母是否从事医学相关职业 是 8.00(8.00,11.00) 12.00(8.00,14.00) 13.00(10.00,15.00)△ 8.148 0.017* 否 8.00(7.00,10.75) 8.00(7.00,11.00) 9.00(7.00,12.00) 7.103 0.029* 实习医院级别 一级 7.00(7.00,9.75) 8.00(7.50,13.50) 11.50(8.50,16.75) 5.998 0.050 二级 9.00(8.00,12.25) 7.00(7.00,11.00) 10.00(8.00,12.00) 1.981 0.371 三级 8.00(7.00,11.00) 8.50(7.00,12.00) 10.00(7.00,12.75)△ 7.163 0.028* 口腔医学专业是否自愿填报 是 8.00(7.00,10.00) 8.00(7.00,12.00) 10.00(7.00,12.00)△ 7.963 0.019* 否 10.00(7.25,13.25) 12.00(9.00,15.00) 14.50(10.75,24.50) 4.616 0.099 *P < 0.05;与实习前期比较,△P < 0.05。 -
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