Research on Socioeconomic Impact of Self-management in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
-
摘要:
目的 了解慢性心衰(chronic heart failure,CHF)患者的自我管理及社会经济影响。 方法 2019年9月至2023年5月采用方便抽样方法调查分析云南省 1762 名18~89岁CHF患者出院1个月后的自我管理情况。运用主成分分析方法构建综合性社会经济地位,运用二分类Logistic 回归分析方法探讨CHF患者自我管理的社会经济影响。结果 CHF患者的运动管理、监测症状/体重、遵医嘱用药、低钠饮食、控制液体或水摄入及定期随访的比例分别是29.2%、37.7%、80.9%、58.0%、3.3%和45.5%;不同性别患者的运动管理和低钠饮食的比例不同(P < 0.05);与年龄较小的患者相比,年龄较大的患者遵医嘱用药、监测症状/体重及低钠饮食的比例更高(P < 0.05);而受教育程度及收入越高的患者,遵医嘱用药、运动管理、监测症状/体重及定期随访的比例也较高(P < 0.01);非务农的患者在遵医嘱用药、运动管理、监测症状/体重及定期随访的比例高于务农患者(P < 0.01)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,遵医嘱服药、监测症状/体重、运动管理和定期随访都是社会经济地位越高,自我管理越好(P < 0.05)。 结论 云南省CHF患者的自我管理水平总体较低,且存在社会经济影响,改善CHF患者的自我管理水平,应重点关注低社会经济地位患者。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the socioeconomic impact of self-management in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF) . Methods Convenient sampling method was used to investigated and analyzed the self-management of 1762 CHF patients aged 18~89 one month after discharge in Yunnan Province from September 2019 to May 2023. Principal component analysis method was used to construct comprehensive socioeconomic status (SES), and binary Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the socioeconomic impact of self-management in patients with CHF. Results The proportions of exercise management, monitoring symptom/weight, medication as prescribed, low sodium diet, fluid or water intake control and regular follow-up were 29.2%, 37.7%, 80.9%, 58.0%, 3.3% and 45.5% in patients with CHF, respectively. The proportion of exercise management and low sodium diet was different in different gender patients (P < 0.01). Compared with young patients, older ones were more likely to follow prescribed medication, monitor symptoms or weight, and eat a low-sodium diet. Patients with higher education and income were also more likely to follow prescribed medication, exercise management, monitoring symptoms or weight, and regularly follow-up. Non-farmer patients had higher rates of prescribed medication, exercise management, monitoring of symptoms or weight, and regular follow-up than farmer patients. The binary logistic regression analysis results showed that a higher proportion of prescribed medication, monitoring of symptoms/weight, exercise management, and regular follow-up was found in the higher SES(P < 0.05). Conclusion The self-management of CHF patients is generally low, and there are socioeconomic effects. Improving self-management in patients with CHF should focus on patients with low socioeconomic status. -
Key words:
- Chronic heart failure /
- Self-management /
- Socioeconomic status
-
表 1 不同特征CHF患者的自我管理行为[n(%)]
Table 1. Self-management behaviors of CHF patients with different characteristics[n(%)]
指标 遵医嘱用药 运动管理 监测症状/体重 低钠饮食 控制液体 定期复诊 性别 男 802(81.6) 323(32.9) 384(39.1) 513(52.2) 32(3.3) 467(47.5) 女 624(80.1) 191(24.5) 280(35.9) 509(65.3) 26(3.3) 335(43) χ2 0.62 14.6 1.80 30.9 0.009 3.56 P 0.43 < 0.001* 0.18 < 0.001* 0.92 0.06 年龄(岁) 18~49 127(76.5) 38(22.9) 46(27.7) 54(32.5) 4(2.4) 82(49.4) 50~59 217(81.6) 74(27.8) 101(38) 119(44.7) 11(4.1) 119(44.7) 60~69 327(80.1) 159(39) 154(37.7) 226(55.4) 9(2.2) 194(47.5) 70~79 438(78.8) 182(32.7) 198(35.6) 352(63.3) 16(2.9) 222(39.9) 80~89 317(86.6) 61(16.7) 165(45.1) 271(74.0) 18(4.9) 185(50.5) χ2 11.7 53.5 16.6 109.7 5.85 12.5 P 0.02* < 0.001* 0.002* < 0.001* 0.21 0.01* 民族 汉族 1044 (81.6)375(29.3) 494(38.6) 753(58.9) 40(3.1) 569(44.5) 少数民族 382(79.1) 139(28.8) 170(35.2) 269(55.7) 18(3.7) 233(48.2) χ2 1.46 0.05 1.76 1.46 0.40 1.99 P 0.23 0.82 0.19 0.23 0.53 0.16 受教育程度 文盲 449(74.1) 148(24.4) 135(22.3) 393(64.9) 20(3.3) 183(30.2) 小学 555(82.2) 195(28.9) 266(39.4) 372(55.1) 18(2.7) 334(49.5) 初中 231(86.2) 85(31.7) 144(53.7) 132(49.3) 11(4.1) 154(57.5) 中专或高中 130(90.3) 59(41) 73(50.7) 89(61.8) 7(4.9) 89(61.8) 本科及以上 61(88.4) 27(39.1) 46(66.7) 36(52.2) 2(2.9) 42(60.9) χ2 34.6 20.5 126.6 24.2 2.53 99.0 P < 0.001* < 0.001* < 0.001* < 0.001* 0.64 < 0.001* 月均收入(元) < 1000 406(70) 140(24.1) 119(20.5) 373(64.3) 19(3.3) 158(27.2) 1000 ~2999 349(81.2) 128(29.8) 152(35.3) 220(51.2) 11(2.6) 194(45.1) 3000 ~4999 278(86.3) 89(27.6) 147(45.7) 175(54.3) 16(5) 191(59.3) ≥ 5000 393(91.4) 157(36.5) 246(57.2) 254(59.1) 12(2.8) 259(60.2) χ2 81.6 18.8 152.3 19.7 3.91 140.4 P < 0.001* < 0.001* < 0.001* < 0.001* 0.27 < 0.001* 职业 务农 767(75.2) 264(25.9) 270(26.5) 586(57.5) 33(3.2) 375(36.8) 非务农 659(88.8) 250(33.7) 394(53.1) 436(58.8) 25(3.4) 427(57.5) χ2 51.6 12.7 129.7 0.30 0.02 74.8 P < 0.001* < 0.001* < 0.001* 0.58 0.88 < 0.001* 合计 1426 (80.9)514(29.2) 664(37.7) 1022 (58)58(3.3) 802(45.5) *P < 0.05。 表 2 不同SES患者自我管理行为的Logistic 回归分析
Table 2. Logistic regression analysis of self-management behavior in patients with different SES
自我管理行为 β 标准误S.E Wald值 P OR 95%CI下限 95%CI上限 监测症状 SES低 SES中 0.74 0.13 32.16 < 0.001* 2.09 1.62 2.70 SES高 1.54 0.13 132.4 < 0.001* 4.68 3.60 6.08 遵医嘱用药 SES低 SES中 0.40 0.14 8.50 0.004* 1.49 1.14 1.95 SES高 1.16 0.17 45.62 < 0.001* 3.17 2.27 4.44 运动管理 SES低 SES中 0.13 0.13 0.97 0.32 1.14 0.88 1.47 SES高 0.52 0.13 15.63 < 0.001* 1.69 1.30 2.19 低钠饮食 SES低 SES中 −0.58 0.12 24.44 < 0.001* 0.56 0.44 0.70 SES高 −0.33 0.12 7.20 0.007* 0.72 0.56 0.91 定期随访 SES低 SES中 0.79 0.12 43.12 < 0.001* 2.21 1.74 2.80 SES高 1.29 0.13 101.8 < 0.001* 3.62 2.82 4.65 控制液体 SES低 SES中 0.01 0.33 0.001 0.97 1.01 0.53 1.92 SES高 0.12 0.34 0.13 0.72 1.13 0.59 2.18 *P < 0. 05。 -
[1] Savarese G,Becher P M,Lund L H,et al. Global burden of heart failure: A comprehensive and updated review of epidemiology[J]. Cardiovasc Res,2023,118(17):3272-3287. doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvac013 [2] Hua Wang,Wang H,Chai K,et al. Prevalence and incidence of heart failure among urban patients in China: A national population-based analysis[J]. Circ Heart Fail,2021,14(10):e008406. doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.121.008406 [3] Khan,M S,Sreenivasan,J,Lateef N,et al. Trends in 30- and 90-day readmission rates for heart failure[J]. Circulation Heart Failure,2021,14(4):1-9. [4] Vaughan A S,George M G,Jackson S L,et al. Changing spatiotemporal trends in county-level heart failure death rates in the United States,1999 to 2018[J]. J Am Heart Assoc,2021,10(4):e018125. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.018125 [5] Kwok C S,Abramov D,Parwani P,et al. Cost of inpatient heart failure care and 30-day readmissions in the United States[J]. Int J Cardiol,2021,329(15):115-122. [6] Zhao Q,Chen C,Zhang J,et al. Effects of self-management interventions on heart failure: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials[J]. Int J Nurs Stud,2020,110(56):103689. [7] 中华医学会心血管病学分会心力衰竭学组,中国医师协会心力衰竭专业委员会,中华心血管病杂志编辑委员会. 中国心力衰竭诊断和治疗指南2018[J]. 中华心血管病杂志,2018,46(10):760-789. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2018.10.004 [8] McDonagh T A,Metra M,Adamo M,et al. 2021 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure[J]. Eur Heart J,2021,42(36):3599-3726. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab368 [9] Ladwig K H,Baghai T C,Doyle F,et al. Mental health-related risk factors and interventions in patients with heart failure: A position paper endorsed by the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC)[J]. Eur J Prev Cardiol,2022,29(7):1124-1141. doi: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac006 [10] 李涤凡,尹德荣,黄文伶,等. 老年慢性心力衰竭患者自我管理现况调查和影响因素的研究[J]. 中国护理管理,2020,20(3):360-366. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-1756.2020.03.010 [11] Chew H S J,Sim K L D,Choi K C,et al. Effectiveness of a nurse-led temporal self-regulation theory-based program on heart failure self-care: A randomized controlled trial[J]. Int J Nurs Stud,2021,115(72):103872. [12] Lin C C,Hwang S J. Patient-centered self-management in patients with chronic kidney disease: Challenges and implications[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health,2020,17(24):9443. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17249443 [13] He J ,Zhu Z,Bundy J D,et al. Trends in cardiovascular risk factors in US adults by race and ethnicity and socioeconomic status,1999-2018[J]. JAMA,2021,326(13): 1286-1298. [14] Zhu Y, Wang Y, Shrikant B, et al. Socioeconomic disparity in mortality and the burden of cardiovascular disease: analysis of the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE)-China cohort study[J]. Lancet Public Health,2023,8(12):e968-e977. [15] Li J,Feng L,Shui X,et al. Relationship between symptom burden and self-management among patients with chronic heart failure: A cross-sectional study[J]. Patient Prefer Adherence,2023,17(10):1909-1921. [16] Kim D Y,Son Y J. Longitudinal patterns and predictors of self-care behavior trajectories among Korean patients with heart failure: A 6-month prospective study[J]. J NursScholarsh.,2023,55(2):429-438. [17] Pandey A,Segar M W,Singh S,et al. Frailty status modifies the efficacy of exercise training among patients with chronic heart failure and reduced ejection fraction: An analysis from the HF-ACTION Trial[J]. Circulation,2022,146(2):80-90. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.059983 [18] Taylor JL, Myers J, Bonikowske AR. Practical guidelines for exercise prescription in patients with chronic heart failure[J]. Heart Fail Rev,2023,28(6):1285-1296. [19] Colin-Ramirez E, Sepehrvand N, Rathwell S, et al. Sodium Restriction in Patients With Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials[J]. Circ Heart Fail,2023,16(1):e009879. [20] Hahad O, Gilan DA, Chalabi J, et al. Cumulative social disadvantage and cardiovascular disease burden and mortality[J]. Eur J Prev Cardiol,2024,31(1):40-48. [21] Zhang Y B,Chen C,Pan X F,et al. Associations of healthy lifestyle and socioeconomic status with mortality and incident cardiovascular disease: Two prospective cohort studies. BMJ,2021,373(14): n604. [22] Wang Z,Chen Z,Zhang L,et al. Status of hypertension in China: Results from the China hypertension survey 2012-2015[J]. Circulation,2018,137(22):2344-2356. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032380 [23] Biswas S,Andrianopoulos N,Duffy S J,et al. Impact of socioeconomic status on clinical outcomes in patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction[J]. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes,2019,12(1):e004979. doi: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.118.004979