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摘要: 软骨的生长发育及骨关节炎进程十分复杂,同时受到多种生长因子、细胞因子、内外环境等因素影响,并由多条生物信号分子通路交叉调控,因此,其分子作用机制对于软骨发育和骨关节炎的诊治至关重要。长链非编码RNA(Long non-coding RNAs,LncRNAs)是一类转录本长度超过200个核苷酸的非编码RNA,在生物发育、基因表达以及表观遗传中发挥着复杂精确的调控作用,与人类疾病的发生、发展和防治具有密切关系。近年来,许多与软骨生长发育和炎症相关的lncRNAs被相继发现。通过对lncRNAs的分类、功能及其在软骨发育和炎症中的作用进行系统综述,发现多种lncRNAs参与了软骨生长发育和骨关节炎的发生与发展,调控相关lncRNAs的表达可减轻软骨炎症,减缓疾病进展。旨在为lncRNAs与软骨生长发育及骨关节炎的基础研究及临床应用提供科学的参考依据。Abstract: The growth and disease progression of cartilage are highly complex, influenced by various growth factors, cytokines, and both internal and external environmental factors. This process is regulated by multiple intersecting biological signaling pathways. Consequently, the study of its molecular mechanisms is crucial for the development and treatment of cartilage-related diseases. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of regulatory non-coding RNAs with transcript lengths exceeding 200 nucleotides. They play a complex and precise role in biological development, gene expression and epigenetics, and are closely associated with the onset, progression and prevention of human diseases. In recent years, numerous lncRNAs related to cartilage growth and disease have been discovered. This article systematically reviews the classification, function and mechanisms of action of lncRNAs in cartilage development and disease. It reveals that various lncRNAs are involved in the onset and progression of cartilage growth and diseases. Regulating the expression of relevant lncRNAs can alleviate cartilage inflammation and slow disease progression. This paper aims to provide a scientific basis for basic research and clinical application of lncRNAs in cartilage growth and disease.
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