A Clinical Analysis of BFMCs Vertebroplasty vs PKP in Treating Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures
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摘要:
目的 探讨BFMCs椎体成形术与PKP治疗OVCF的临床疗效。 方法 选取2022年9月至2023年11月在昆明医科大学第一附属医院诊断为OVCF的患者共290例,其中PKP组216例,BFMCs组74例,所有患者均规律抗骨质疏松治疗。对比基线数据,手术指标,随访及影像学资料。 结果 2组患者在年龄、性别、T值及骨折椎体分布比较,差异无统计学意义 (P > 0. 05) 。290名患者都成功地完成手术。与BFMCs组相比,PKP组在手术持续时间和骨水泥注入量方面比较差异无统计学意义(P > 0. 05)。BFMCs组骨水泥渗漏明显低于PKP组(P < 0.05),其中BFMCs组骨水泥渗漏7例(9.50%) ,渗漏至椎前3例,椎间隙4例; PKP 组骨水泥渗漏85例(39.40%) ,渗漏至椎前16例,椎间隙44例,椎体旁16例,椎管渗漏9例(沿后纵韧带分布) ,均无神经脊髓症状。2组患者术后骨水泥块分布类型差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。290名患者术后进行6个月的随访。2组间患者术后第1个月随访时BFMCs组VAS评分明显优于PKP组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。在术后第1个月及末次随访时,BFMCs组的ODI评分明显优于PKP组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。2 组患者术后第1日、术后第1月及末次随访时VAS评分和ODI评分都明显低于手术前,差异有统计学意义(P < 0. 05)。影像学方面,2 组间患者在手术前伤椎前缘高度、椎体复高率及脊柱后凸Cobb角差异无统计学意义(P > 0. 05),但患者术后末次随访时伤椎前缘高度、椎体复高率及脊柱后凸Cobb角较术前改善(P < 0. 05)。 结论 BFMCs与PKP在治疗OVCF的临床疗效相似,它们都能有效缓解患者临床症状并恢复椎体高度,然而,BFMCs能够显著降低骨水泥渗漏,是1种即安全又有效的方法。 -
关键词:
- 骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折 /
- 骨填充网袋 /
- 脊柱后凸成形术 /
- 骨水泥渗漏 /
- 椎体再骨折
Abstract:Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of BFMC vertebroplasty versus PKP in treating OVCF. Methods A total of 290 patients diagnosed with OVCF at the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from September 2022 to November 2023 were selected, including 216 in the PKP group and 74 in the BFMCs group. All patients received regular osteoporosis treatment. Baseline data, surgical indexes, follow-up and imaging data were compared. Results There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding age, gender, T-values, and the distribution of fractured vertebrae (P > 0.05). All 290 patients successfully completed the surgery. Compared to the BFMCs group, there was no significant difference in operation durationand the amount of bone cement injected in the PKP group (P > 0.05). The incidence of bone cement leakage in the BFMCs group was significantly lower than that in the PKP group (P < 0.05), with 7 cases (9.50%) of leakage in the BFMCs group—3 cases in the anterior vertebral body and 4 cases in the intervertebral space; the PKP group had 85 cases (39.40%) of leakage, with 16 cases in the anterior vertebral body, 44 cases in the intervertebral space, 16 cases adjacent to the vertebral body, and 9 cases in the spinal canal (along the posterior longitudinal ligament), all without neurological spine and cord symptoms. There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution type of the bone cement blocks post-surgery between the two groups (P <0.05). All 290 patients were followed up for 6 months post-surgery. At the 1-month follow-up, the VAS scores of the BFMCs group were significantly better than those of the PKP group, with a statistically significant difference(P < 0.05). At both the 1-month follow-up and the final follow-up, the ODI scores of the BFMCs group were significantly better than those of the PKP group, with statistically significant differences(P < 0.05).VAS and ODI scores for both groups on the first day post-surgery, at 1 month post-surgery, and at the last follow-up were all significantly lower than pre-surgery, with statistically significant differences (P < 0. 05). In terms of imaging, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding pre-surgery anterior edge height of the injured vertebrae, the vertebral body height recovery rate, and the Cobb angle of spinal kyphosis (P > 0.05), but the anterior edge height of the injured vertebrae, the vertebral body height recovery rate, and the Cobb angle of spinal kyphosis showed improvement at the final follow-up compared to pre-surgery (P < 0.05). Conclusion BFMCs and PKP have similar clinical efficacy in treating OVCFs; both effectively relieve patients’ symptoms and restore vertebral height. However, BFMCs significantly reduce cement leakage, making it a safe and effective option. -
表 1 2组患者基线数据比较($\bar x \pm s $)
Table 1. Comparison of baseline data between the two groups of patients ($\bar x \pm s $)
指标 BFMCs组 PKP 组 z P 年龄[(M,Q),岁] 69,15 70,16 −0.678 0.498 性别[n(%)] 男 20(27.00) 66(30.60) 0.329 0.566 女 54(73.00) 150(69.40) BMI(kg/m2) 3.03±0.61 2.96±0.60 0.837 0.403 骨折椎体分布[n(%)] T10 7(9.50) 21(9.70) 0.901 0.989 T11 14(18.90) 44(20.40) T12 14(18.90) 43(19.90) L1 14(18.90) 31(14.40) L2 13(17.60) 39(18.10) L3 8(10.80) 25(11.60) L4 4(5.40) 13(6.00) 表 2 2组患者围术期资料比较[($\bar x \pm s $)/n(%)]
Table 2. Comparison of perioperative data between the two groups of patients[($\bar x \pm s $)/n(%)]
指标 BFMCs组 PKP 组 t P 手术时间(min) 35.20±4.68 36.01±4.24 −1.390 0.166 骨水泥注入量(mL) 3.23±0.65 3.29±0.81 −0.076 0.940 骨水泥渗漏 是 7(9.50) 85(39.40) 22.738 <0.001* 否 67(90.50) 131(60.6) 骨水泥渗漏部位 椎体前缘 3(4.10) 16(7.40) 24.182 <0.001* 椎间隙 4(5.40) 44(20.40) 椎体旁 0(0.00) 16(7.40) 椎管内渗漏 0(0.00) 9(4.20) 术后骨水泥块类型 93.178 <0.001* 团块型 14(18.90) 137(63.40) 骨小梁型 0(0.00) 37(17.10) 混合型 60(81.10) 42(19.40) 邻近椎体骨折 是 8(10.80) 38(17.60) 1.899 0.168 否 66(89.20) 178(82.4) 椎体复高率(%) 0.26±0.15 0.25±0.18 0.275 0.784 *P < 0.05。 表 3 2组患者术前,术后1 d,1月及末次随访时VAS评分变化($\bar x \pm s $)
Table 3. Changes in VAS scores before surgery,1 day after surgery,1 month,and at the last follow-up for the two groups of patients ($\bar x \pm s $)
指标 BFMCs组 PKP 组 t P VAS评分 术前 7.14±1.37 6.77±1.61 1.914 0.058 术后1日 3.04±1.43 3.28±1.79 −1.197 0.233 术后1月 1.13±1.18 1.67±1.43 −3.152 0.002* 末次随访 0.74±1.17 0.75±1.01 −0.047 0.962 F 545.439 1441.249 P <0.001* <0.001* 时间 F= 1583.294 ,P < 0.001*组别 F=0.464,P=0.497 时间 vs 组别 F=7.426,P < 0.001* *P < 0.05。 表 4 2组患者术前,术后1 d,1月及末次随访时ODI评分变化($\bar x \pm s $)
Table 4. Changes in ODI scores for the two groups of patients before surgery,1 day after surgery,1 month later,and at the last follow-up ($\bar x \pm s $)
指标 BFMCs组 PKP 组 t P ODI 术前 50.60±4.67 51.43±4.75 −1.284 0.200 术后1日 25.34±4.39 25.06±5.23 0.417 0.677 术后1月 18.66±3.80 16.92±3.24 3.809 <0.001* 末次随访 12.20±3.33 11.00±2.46 2.854 0.005* F 1326.480 4194.639 P <0.001* 0.000* 时间 F= 4077.121 ,P=0.000组别 F=4.489,P=0.035 时间 vs 组别 F=4.274,P=0.008 *P < 0.05。 表 5 2组患者手术前后椎体前缘高度变化($\bar x \pm s $)
Table 5. Changes in anterior vertebral height before and after surgery in 2 groups of patients ($\bar x \pm s $)
指标 BFMCs组 PKP 组 t P 伤椎前缘高(mm) 术前 20.51±3.42 20.81±9.78 −0.713 0.476 末次随访 25.63±3.34 25.84±2.79 −0.525 0.600 t −17.508 −24.222 P <0.001* <0.001* *P < 0.05。 表 6 2组患者术前与术后伤椎后凸Cobb角变化($\bar x \pm s $)
Table 6. Changes in the Cobb angle of postoperative kyphosis in two groups of patients before and after surgery ($\bar x \pm s $)
指标 BFMCs组 PKP 组 t P 后凸Cobb(°) 术前 21.47±3.16 20.48±4.27 1.821 0.070 末次随访 11.81±3.18 11.82±3.65 −0.015 0.988 t 21.653 24.257 P <0.001* <0.001* *P < 0.05。 -
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