Efficacy Analysis of Complete Pelvic Floor Peritoneal Reconstruction Technique in Orthotopic Neobladder Surgery after Total Cystectomy
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摘要:
目的 探讨完全性盆底腹膜重建技术在降低腹腔镜下膀胱全切原位新膀胱术术后肠梗阻发生率及加速患者术后恢复的应用效果。 方法 通过回顾性研究,选取2017年1月至2024年9月在昆明医科大学附属曲靖医院接受该术式的62例患者,根据术中是否进行完全性盆底腹膜重建分为常规组(n = 25)和重建组(n = 37),分析两组患者术后肠梗阻发生率及术后病情恢复情况,评估完全性盆底腹膜重建技术在腹腔镜下膀胱全切原位新膀胱术中的应用价值。 结果 重建组术后恢复情况均优于常规组:胃肠功能恢复时间[3(2,4)d vs 4(3,5)d,P = 0.032]、腹腔引流时间[12(10,13.5)d vs 14(12,15)d,P = 0.006]、盆腔引流时间[12(9,13.5)d vs 14(11,16)d,P = 0.015]、术后住院时间[18(15.5,26)d vs 25(17,30.5)d,P = 0.016],住院费用[( 53695.67 ±10182.43 )元 vs (60803.73 ±14449.24 )元,P = 0.027];术后营养指标:重建组总蛋白[(64.49±6.82) g/L vs (61.56±4.03) g/L,P = 0.038]和白蛋白[(36.08±5.29) g/L vs (33.40±3.57) g/L,P = 0.020]水平较常规组更高。术后肠梗阻发生率:常规组44.00% vs 重建组32.43%(P = 0.355),差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。两组其余资料:一般资料指标、术后球蛋白和前白蛋白、是否留置胃管、输尿管支架拔除时间、尿管拔出时间、吻合口瘘、尿瘘、切口感染发生情况等差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。结论 完全性盆底腹膜重建技术在腹腔镜下膀胱全切原位新膀胱术中的应用,为肠道提供了更好的保护,减少了术区粘连,能有效促进胃肠道功能恢复,缩短腹腔及盆腔引流时间,加速患者康复,缩短住院时间,减少住院费用,但其能否有效降低术后肠梗阻的发生率,仍需更多数据及实验来验证。 -
关键词:
- 膀胱癌 /
- 膀胱全切原位新膀胱术 /
- 完全性盆底腹膜重建技术 /
- 术后肠梗阻
Abstract:Objective To evaluate the efficacy of complete pelvic floor peritoneal reconstruction in reducing postoperative ileus incidence and accelerating recovery following laparoscopic radical cystectomy with orthotopic neobladder construction. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to select 62 patients who underwent the operation in Qujing Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University from January 2017 to September 2024. According to whether complete pelvic floor peritoneal reconstruction was performed during the operation, they were divided into the conventional group (n = 25) and the reconstruction group (n = 37). Postoperative ileus rates and recovery parameters were compared to assess the clinical value of complete pelvic floor peritoneal reconstruction. Results The reconstruction group showed better postoperative recovery compared to the routine group: gastrointestinal function recovery time [3(2, 4) d vs 4(3, 5) d, P = 0.032], abdominal drainage time [12(10, 13.5) d vs 14(12, 15) d, P = 0.006], pelvic drainage time [12(9, 13.5) d vs 14(11, 16) d, P = 0.015], postoperative hospital stay [18(15.5, 26) d vs 25(17, 30.5) d, P = 0.016], and hospital expenses [(53, 695.67±10, 182.43) yuan vs (60, 803.73±14, 449.24) yuan, P = 0.027]. Postoperative nutritional markers, including total protein [(64.49 ± 6.82) g/L vs. (61.56 ± 4.03) g/L, P = 0.038] and albumin [(36.08 ± 5.29) g/L vs. (33.40 ± 3.57) g/L, P = 0.020], were higher in the reconstruction group. No significant difference was found in ileus incidence (44.00% vs. 32.43%, P =0.355). Other parameters—baseline characteristics, postoperative globulin and prealbumin levels, gastric tube retention, stent/catheter removal time, and complications (anastomotic leakage, urinary fistula, wound infection)—showed no intergroup differences (P > 0.05). Conclusion The application of complete pelvic floor peritoneal reconstruction technique in laparoscopic radical cystectomy with orthotonic neobladder provides better protection for the intestine, reduces surgical area adhesions, promotes gastrointestinal function recovery, shortens abdominal and pelvic drainage times, accelerates patient rehabilitation, reduces hospital stay and expenses. However, whether it can effectively reduce postoperative intestinal obstruction rates still requires more data and experimental verification. -
表 1 两组患者一般资料比较[n(%)/($\bar x \pm s $)]
Table 1. Comparison of general data between the two groups [n(%)/($\bar x \pm s $)]
一般资料 类别 常规组(n=25) 重建组(n=37) t/χ2/Z P 性别 男 23(92.00) 33(89.20) 0.000 1.000 女 2 (8.00) 4 (10.80) 年龄(岁) 63.52±10.88 64.70±8.58 −0.478 0.635 BMI(kg/m2) 21.02±1.21 21.20±1.30 −0.558 0.579 肿瘤分期 T2 9(36.00) 15(40.54) −0.575 0.565 T3 14(56.00) 21(56.76) T4 2(8.00) 1 (2.70) 肌酐(μmol/L) 75.92±16.81 77.08±14.37 −0.291 0.772 基础疾病 高血压 6(24.00) 10(27.00) 0.071 0.789 糖尿病 3(12.00) 6(16.20) 0.009 0.924 冠心病 3(12.00) 4(10.80) 0.000 1.000 脑梗塞 2(8.00) 3(8.10) 0.000 1.000 ASA分级 I级 10(40.00) 15(40.54) −0.510 0.610 II级 9(36.00) 16(43.24) III级 6(24.00) 6(16.22) 表 2 两组患者术中、术后观察指标比较[n(%)/($\bar x \pm s $)/M(P25,P75)]
Table 2. Comparison of intraoperative and postoperative observation indexes between the two groups [n(%)/($\bar x \pm s $)/M(P25,P75)]
观察指标 类别 常规组(n=25) 重建组(n=37) t/χ2/Z P 手术时间(min) 506.68±27.17 513.41±39.10 −0.746 0.459 术中失血量(mL) 300(200,600) 300(200,500) −0.190 0.850 留置胃管情况 是 12(48.00) 14(37.84) 0.633 0.426 否 13 (52.00) 23(62.16) 通气排便时间(d) 4 (3,5) 3 (2,4) −2.141 0.032* 腹腔引流时间(d) 14(12,15) 12(10,13.5) −2.747 0.006* 盆腔引流时间(d) 14(11,16) 12(9,13.5) −2.438 0.015* 输尿管支架拔出时间(d) 30(23,30.5) 28(18,32) −0.437 0.662 尿管拔出时间(d) 30(20,30) 28 (20,30) −0.389 0.697 术后住院天数(d) 25(18.25,30.75) 18(16,26) −2.405 0.016* 住院费用(元) 60803.73 ±14449.24 53695.67 ±10182.43 2.274 0.027* *P < 0.05。 表 3 两组患者蛋白水平变化情况比较($\bar x \pm s $)
Table 3. Comparison of the changes of protein levels between the two groups($\bar x \pm s $)
观察指标 类别 常规组 (n=25) 重建组 (n=37) t P 总蛋白(g/L) 术前 65.20±4.70 66.03±8.37 −0.496 0.622 术后 61.56±4.03 64.49±6.82 −2.119 0.038* 白蛋白(g/L) 术前 37.44±4.10 37.65±5.13 −0.170 0.866 术后 33.40±3.57 36.08±5.29 −2.383 0.020* 球蛋白(g/L) 术前 27.80±1.98 28.49±4.57 −0.808 0.423 术后 28.16±2.49 28.27±4.95 −0.116 0.908 前白蛋白(g/L) 术前 239.80±68.35 240.78±71.70 −0.054 0.957 术后 166.48±44.43 179.84±60.27 −0.947 0.347 *P < 0.05。 表 4 两组患者术后并发症发生情况比较[n(%)]
Table 4. Comparison of postoperative complications between the two groups [ n(%)]
观察指标 类别 常规组(n=25) 重建组(n=37) χ2 P 肠梗阻 是 11(44.00) 12(32.43) 0.856 0.355 否 14(56.00) 25(67.57) 吻合口瘘 是 1(4.00) 2(5.41) 0.000 1.000 否 24(96.00) 35(94.59) 尿瘘 是 2(8.00) 2(5.41) 0.000 1.000 否 23(92.00) 35(94.59) 切口感染 是 8(32.00) 6(16.22) 2.126 0.145 否 17(68.00) 31(83.78) -
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