The Relationship between Plasma ADAMTS13 Levels and Clinical Prognosis in Heart Failure Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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摘要:
目的 探讨血浆金属肽酶含血小板反应蛋白13(a disintegrin-like and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 repeats-13,ADAMTS13)水平对心力衰竭合并2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者的预后价值。 方法 收集2019年1月至2020年12月在榆林市第二医院住院的急性失代偿性心力衰竭成年患者临床资料,共纳入278例。采用ELISA试剂盒测定ADAMTS13水平,并基于ADAMTS13三分位数将患者分为T1 < 9.9 μg/L组(n = 92),T2 ≥10.0~18.5 μg/L组 (n = 93)和T3 ≥18.5 μg/L组(n = 93)。主要结局定义为全因死亡率或心力衰竭再住院的复合终点。次要结局包括全因死亡率和心力衰竭再住院。 结果 与ADAMTS13最高三分位数的患者相比,ADAMTS13最低三分位数的患者中T2DM例数、身体质量指数、尿酸、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白(glycated hemoglobin,HbA1c)和超敏C反应蛋白(high sensitivity C-reactive protein,hs-CRP)水平均显著增加(P < 0.05)。T2DM患者的主要结局、全因死亡和心力衰竭住院的绝对风险高于非T2DM患者(χ2 = 12.028、8.725、9.023,均P = 0.000)。不同ADAMTS13水平患者心力衰竭率的差异有统计学意义(χ2 = 9.384,P = 0.002)。ADAMTS13每增加一倍与合并T2DM的HF患者的主要结局(HR=0.69,95%CI=0.61~0.79)、全因死亡率(HR=0.59,95%CI=0.47-0.74)和心衰再住院(HR=0.75,95%CI=0.65~0.87)下降相关。 结论 ADAMTS13是HF危险分层的一个独立的生物标志物,特别是在合并T2DM的患者中。 -
关键词:
- 金属肽酶含血小板反应蛋白13 /
- 心力衰竭 /
- 2型糖尿病 /
- 预后
Abstract:objective To investigate the prognostic value of plasma ADAMTS13 in patients with heart failure complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods Clinical data were collected from adult patients with acute decompensated heart failure admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Yulin City from January 2019 to December 2020, with a total of 278 cases included. The level of ADAMTS13 was measured using an ELISA kit, and patients were divided into three groups based on the third quartile of ADAMTS13 : T1<9.9 μg/L group (n = 92), T2 ≥ 10.0-18.5 μg/L group (n = 93), and T3 ≥ 18.5 μg/L group (n = 93). The primary outcome was defined as the composite end point of all-cause mortality's or heart failure readmission. Secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality and heart failure readmission. Results Compared with the patients in the highest third quartile of ADAMTS13, the number of T2DM cases, body mass index, uric acid, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c and hs-CRP levels in the patients with the lowest third quartile of ADAMTS13 increased significantly (P < 0.05). The absolute risks of main outcome, all-cause death and hospitalization of heart failure were higher in T2DM patients than in non-T2DM patients (χ2 = 12.028, 8.725, 9.023, all P = 0.000). The differences in heart failure rate among patients with different ADAMTS13 levels were statistically significant (χ2 = 9.384, P = 0.002). Every doubling of ADAMTS13 was related to a decreased risk of the main outcomes in HF patients with T2DM (HR=0.69, 95%CI=0.61~0.79), all-cause mortality (HR=0.59, 95%CI=0.47~0.74) and heart failure readmission (HR=0.75, 95%CI=0.65~0.87). Conclusion ADAMTS13 is an independent biomarker for risk stratification in HF, especially in patients with T2DM. -
表 1 合并和不合并T2DM的HF患者的基线因素[($\bar x \pm s $)/M(P25,P75)/n(%)]
Table 1. Baseline factors of HF patients with and without T2DM[($\bar x \pm s $)/M(P25,P75)/n(%)]
因素 合并T2DM (n=104) 不合并T2DM (n=174) t/χ2/Z P 年龄(岁) 66.5 ± 9.6 65.6 ± 9.2 1.50 0.18 男性 64 (61.5) 95 (54.6) 4.60 0.06 缺血性心力衰竭 75 (72.1) 112 (64.4) 1.28 0.26 吸烟 24 (23.1) 47 (27.0) 0.53 0.47 高血压 68 (65.4) 94 (54.0) 3.46 0.063 心房纤维性颤动 32 (30.8) 49 (28.2) 0.21 0.64 纽约心脏协会心功能分级 0.69 0.71 Ⅱ 20 (19.2) 35 (20.1) Ⅲ 37 (35.6) 69 (39.7) Ⅳ 47 (45.2) 70 (40.2) LVEF 48.0 ± 12.0 49.1 ± 11.7 1.45 0.19 心力衰竭的类型 1.25 0.54 HFrEF 29 (27.9) 39 (22.4) HFmrEF 25 (24.0) 41 (23.6) HFpEF 50 (48.1) 94 (54.0) 当前药物 ACEI/ARBs 75 (72.1) 130 (74.7) 0.87 0.35 钙通道阻滞剂 30 (28.8) 54 (31.0) 0.15 0.70 β受体阻滞剂 42 (40.4) 91 (52.3) 3.70 0.05 袢利尿剂 87 (83.7) 126 (72.4) 4.59 0.03* 他汀类药物 79 (76.0) 118 (67.8) 2.09 0.15 抗血栓药 90 (86.5) 133 (76.4) 4.19 0.04 体格检查 心率(bpm) 89 ± 19 83 ± 18 5.22 <0.001* 收缩压(mmHg) 138 ± 27 130 ± 25 5.05 <0.001* 舒张压(mmHg) 83 ± 17 81 ± 16 3.77 0.02* 身体质量指数(kg/m2) 27.3 ± 5.0 24.8 ± 4.7 4.93 <0.001* 实验室指标 血红蛋白(g/dL) 11.7 ± 1.4 12.2 ± 1.2 3.16 0.002* ALT(IU/L) 35 (28,44) 37 (32,43) 1.38 0.10 eGFR[mL/(min·1.73 m2)] 55.2 ± 19.2 68.6 ± 21.1 18.12 <0.001* 尿酸(μmol/L) 475 (404,599) 410 (343,440) 12.39 <0.001* 空腹血糖(mmol/L) 8.4 ± 3.9 5.9 ± 0.8 17.54 <0.001* HbA1c(%) 7.5 ± 1.4 5.4 ± 0.7 15.22 <0.001* TC(mmol/L) 4.6 (3.9,5.6) 4.6 (3.8,5.6) 0.76 0.80 LDL-C(mmol/L) 2.8 (2.1,3.3) 2.5 (2.0,3.2) 0.68 0.88 HDL-C(mmol/L) 1.0 (0.8,1.3) 1.0 (0.8,1.2) 0.12 0.96 甘油三酯(mmol/L) 2.1 (1.8,3.1) 1.7 (1.6,1.9) 1.54 0.07 hs-CRP(mg/L) 5.1 (2.4,8.8) 3.3 (1.7,7.0) 6.70 <0.001* hs-TNT(ng/L) 29.2 (8.1,67.2) 25.3 (5.5,53.8) 1.05 0.25 NT-proBNP(ng/L) 4511 (2192 ,7379 )4064 (1031 ,9218 )1.24 0.18 ADAMTS13(μg/L) 11.8 (6.3,19.4) 15.4 (9.9,21.3) 4.62 0.001* 注:HFmrEF,射血分数中等;HFpEF,射血分数保留;HFrEF,射血分数降低;糖化血红蛋白(glycated hemoglobin,HbA1c);超敏C反应蛋白(high sensitivity C-reactive protein,hs-CRP);总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC);高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C);低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C);丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT);高敏肌钙蛋白T(high sensitivity troponin T,hs-TNT)。*P < 0.05。 表 2 基于ADAMTS13三分位数的各组基线因素[($\bar x \pm s $)/M(P25,P75)/n(%)]
Table 2. Baseline factors for each group based on the third quartile of ADAMTS13 [($\bar x \pm s $)/M(P25,P75)/n(%)]
因素 T1 <9.9 μg/L
(n=92)T2 ≥10.0~18.5 μg/L
(n=93)T3 ≥18.5 μg/L
(n=93)F/χ2/Z P 年龄(岁) 67.2 ± 9.7 65.3 ± 9.2 65.2 ± 9.0 2.74 0.04* 男性 55 (59.2) 48 (51.6) 56 (61.2) 1.78 0.61 缺血性心力衰竭 65 (70.8) 61 (65.6) 61 (65.6) 0.72 0.70 吸烟 23 (25.0) 24 (25.8) 24 (25.8) 0.02 0.99 高血压 54 (58.7) 54 (58.1) 54 (58.1) 0.01 0.99 T2DM 48 (52.2) 25 (26.9) 31 (33.3) 13.63 0.001* 心房纤维性颤动 28 (30.4) 29 (31.2) 24 (25.8) 0.76 0.65 纽约心脏协会心功能分级 0.70 0.88 Ⅱ 17 (18.5) 19 (20.4) 19 (20.4) Ⅲ 38 (41.3) 35 (37.7) 33 (35.5) Ⅳ 37 (40.2) 39 (41.9) 41 (44.1) LVEF 48.4 ± 12.3 49.0 ± 11.9 48.7 ± 11.4 1.64 0.29 心力衰竭的类型 1.35 0.76 HFrEF 25 (27.2) 23 (24.7) 20 (21.5) HFmrEF 21 (22.8) 20 (21.5) 25 (26.9) HFpEF 46 (50.0) 50 (53.8) 48 (51.6) 当前药物 ACEI/ARBs 67 (72.8) 69 (742) 69 (74.2) 0.06 0.97 钙通道阻滞剂 27 (29.3) 28 (30.1) 29 (31.2) 0.07 0.84 β受体阻滞剂 41 (44.0) 46 (49.5) 46 (49.5) 0.59 0.74 袢利尿剂 71 (77.2) 72 (77.4) 71 (76.3) 0.03 0.93 他汀类药物 66 (71.7) 65 (69.9) 65 (69.9) 0.07 0.83 抗血栓药 76 (82.6) 75 (80.6) 72 (77.4) 0.56 0.76 体格检查 心率(bpm) 85 ± 19 86 ± 20 85 ± 19 0.42 0.87 收缩压(mmHg) 135 ± 28 133 ± 26 132 ± 25 1.70 0.28 舒张压(mmHg) 82 ± 17 81 ± 16 81 ± 17 0.58 0.63 身体质量指数(kg/m2) 26.6 ± 5.7 25.4 ± 4.5 25.1 ± 4.4 6.48 0.001* 实验室指标 血红蛋白(g/dL) 11.9 ± 2.4 12.1 ± 2.3 12.0 ± 2.3 0.75 0.55 ALT(IU/L) 36 (30,44) 37 (31,44) 37 (32,43) 0.43 0.81 eGFR [mL/ (min·1.73 m2)] 61.3 ± 21.9 64.5 ± 20.4 64.0 ± 23.6 1.65 0.29 尿酸(μmol/L) 433 (391,559) 415 (378,470) 419 (375,494) 4.14 0.01* 空腹血糖(mmol/L) 7.2 ± 3.2 6.5 ± 2.3 6.7 ± 2.7 6.01 0.003* HbA1c(%) 6.5 ± 1.6 6.0 ± 1.4 6.0 ± 1.4 6.37 0.001* TC(mmol/L) 4.6 (3.6,5.5) 4.9 (3.7,5.7) 4.3 (3.6,5.5) 2.13 0.13 LDL-C(mmol/L) 2.5 (2.0,3.1) 2.5 (2.0,3.3) 2.7 (2.1,3.3) 1.82 0.24 HDL-C(mmol/L) 1.0 (0.8,1.2) 1.0 (0.8,1.2) 1.0 (0.8,1.2) 1.55 0.33 甘油三酯(mmol/L) 1.8 (1.6,2.5) 1.8 (1.6,2.2) 1.7 (1.6,2.4) 2.42 0.09 hs-CRP(mg/L) 4.9 (2.8,8.3) 4.4 (2.2,7.5) 3.1 (1.6,6.5) 6.84 <0.001* hs-TNT(ng/L) 29.5 (8.5,68.9) 26.2 (6.1,52.9) 27.9 (6.5,53.8) 0.57 0.64 NT-proBNP(ng/L) 4529 (2120 ,8828 )4305 (1512 ,9154 )3716 (1434 ,8433 )2.45 0.09 注:HFmrEF,射血分数中等;HFpEF,射血分数保留;HFrEF,射血分数降低;*P < 0.05。 表 3 中位生存时间
Table 3. Median survival time
变量 n 事件数 Median (95%CI) 千人/年的时间率 Logrank P 分组 0.009 ADAMTS13-T1 92 50 32.30 (27.50 - NA) 41666.67 ADAMTS13-T2 93 39 NA (34.40 - NA) 19500.00 ADAMTS13-T3 93 29 NA (NA - NA) 7631.58 表 4 根据ADAMTS13水平计算的结局风险比
Table 4. Hazard ratios for Outcomes based on ADAMTS13 levels
ADAMTS13水平 主要结局 全因死亡 心衰再住院 HR (95%CI) P HR (95%CI) P HR (95%CI) P 总体 T1 1 (参考) - 1 (参考) - 1 (参考) - T2 0.78 (0.62~0.98) 0.033* 0.71 (0.45~1.14) 0.16 0.79 (0.60~1.04) 0.09 T3 0.57 (0.43~0.76) <0.001* 0.56 (0.34~0.92) 0.02* 0.58 (0.43~0.79) <0.001* 每增加一倍 0.79 (0.73~0.86) <0.001* 0.64 (0.55~0.75) <0.001* 0.84 (0.76~0.93) <0.001* 合并T2DM T1 1 (参考) - 1 (参考) - 1 (参考) - T2 0.65 (0.43~0.98) 0.042* 0.85 (0.43~1.68) 0.64 0.69 (0.46~1.04) 0.072 T3 0.42 (0.27~0.65) <0.001* 0.60 (0.29~1.24) 0.19 0.43 (0.27~0.68) <0.001* 每增加一倍 0.69 (0.61~0.79) <0.001* 0.59 (0.47~0.74) <0.001* 0.75 (0.65~0.87) <0.001* 不合并T2DM T1 1 (参考) - 1 (参考) - 1 (参考) - T2 0.88 (0.63~1.23) 0.45 0.61 (0.32~1.16) 0.13 0.88 (0.61~1.27) 0.49 T3 0.71 (0.49~1.03) 0.07 0.52 (0.26~1.04) 0.06 0.72 (0.49~1.06) 0.09 每增加一倍 0.89 (0.79~1.00) 0.07 0.70 (0.56~0.88) <0.001* 0.93 (0.81~1.07) 0.26 *P < 0.05。 -
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