The Construction of A Predictive Model for Clinical Pregnancy Outcome in Frozen-thawed Embryo Transfer Cycles in Women with Advanced Maternal Age
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摘要:
目的 构建高龄女性(年龄≥ 35岁)冻融胚胎移植(frozen-thawed embryo transfer,FET)周期临床妊娠结局的预测模型并分析其影响因素。 方法 回顾性纳入2018年1月至2023年12月,在昆明医科大学第一附属医院接受FET治疗的高龄患者首次周期的临床资料,根据其是否发生临床妊娠,分为临床妊娠组(n = 851)、非临床妊娠组(n = 1866)。比较两组的一般情况、移植情况,构建Logistic回归分析模型。 结果 临床妊娠率(clinical pregnancy rate,CPR)为31.32%,女性年龄35~40岁的CPR(40.06%),高于女性年龄≥ 40岁的CPR(19.35%),差异有统计学意义(χ2 = 133.371,P < 0.05);模型结果显示抗缪勒管激素(anti-mullerian hormone,AMH)水平高(OR = 1.053,95%CI:1.012~1.095)、移植优质卵裂胚的数量越多(OR = 1.704,95%CI:1.143~2.542;OR = 2.861,95%CI:1.921~4.262)、移植优质囊胚数越多(OR = 2.033,95%CI:1.077~3.836;OR = 3.886,95%CI:2.035~7.420)、移植日内膜越厚(OR = 1.150,95%CI:1.092~1.212)能提高临床妊娠概率,女性年龄超过40岁(OR = 0.551,95%CI:0.437~0.694)、继发不孕(OR = 0.704,95%CI:0.552~0.896)会降低临床妊娠的概率;模型拟合优度良好(P > 0.05);ROC曲线分析结果显示,预测模型训练集、验证集预测临床妊娠发生的AUC分别为0.723(95%CI:0.699~0.748)、0.726(95%CI:0.689~0.764),截断值分别为0.262、0.260。 结论 女性年龄、AMH水平、不孕类型、移植优质胚胎(卵裂胚、囊胚)数量、移植当日子宫内膜厚度是高龄女性FET周期的重要影响因素,据此构建的预测模型对临床妊娠具有一定预测能力。 Abstract:Objective To construct a predictive model for clinical pregnancy outcomes in frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles in women with advanced maternal age (age ≥ 35 years) and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 2717 older patients who underwent FET treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from January 2018 to December 2023. These Patients were divided into a clinical pregnancy group (n = 851) and a non-clinical pregnancy group (n = 1866) based on whether the clinical pregnancy had occurred. The general characteristics and transplantation details of the two groups were compared, and a logistic regression analysis model was constructed.Results The clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) was 31.32%. The CPR for women aged 35-40 years (40.06%) was higher than that for women aged ≥ 40 years (19.35%), with a statistically significant difference (χ2 = 133.371, P < 0.05). The model results showed that the higher anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels (OR = 1.053, 95%CI: 1.012–1.095), the more high-quality blastocysts were transferred (OR = 1.704, 95%CI: 1.143–2.542; OR = 2.861, 95%CI: 1.921–4.262); the more high-quality blastocysts were transferred (OR = 2.033, 95%CI: 1.077–3.836; OR = 3.886, 95%CI: 2.035–7.420), the thicker the endometrial lining on the day of transfer (OR = 1.150, 95%CI: 1.092–1.212) and it could increase the probability of clinical pregnancy. However, for women over 40 years of age (OR = 0.551, 95%CI: 0.437–0.694) and secondary infertility (OR = 0.704, 95%CI: 0.552–0.896), the probability of clinical pregnancy would be reduced; ROC curve analysis results showed that the AUC for predicting clinical pregnancy occurrence in the training set and validation set of the predictive model were 0.723 (95%CI: 0.699–0.748) and 0.726 (95%CI: 0.689–0.764), respectively, with cutoff values of 0.262 and 0.260 and the model fit was good (P > 0.05). Conclusion Female age, AMH level, type of infertility, number of high-quality embryos (cleavage embryos, blastocysts) transferred, and endometrial thickness on the day of transfer are important factors affecting FET cycles in advanced maternal age women. The constructed prediction model based on these factors has a certain predictive ability for clinical pregnancy. -
表 1
2717 例高龄不孕患者的一般情况对比[n(%)/M(P25,P75)]Table 1. Comparison of general conditions of
2717 elderly infertile patients [n(%)/M(P25,P75)]变量 非临床妊娠(n = 1866) 临床妊娠(n = 851) χ2/Z P 女性年龄(岁) 35~40 941(50.43) 629(73.91) 132.137 < 0.001* ≥ 40 925(49.57) 222(26.09) 女方BMI(kg/m2) < 18.5 74(3.97) 42(4.94) 3.066 0.382 18.5~24 1090 (58.41)506(59.46) 24~28 571(30.60) 238(27.97) ≥ 28 131(7.02) 65(7.64) 男方BMI (kg/m2) < 18.5 31(1.66) 20(2.35) 5.547 0.136 18.5~24 747(40.03) 360(42.30) 24~28 800(42.87) 328(38.54) ≥ 28 288(15.43) 143(16.80) AMH水平(ng/mL) 1.61(0.77,3.29) 2.71(1.48,4.62) −12.065 < 0.001* 不孕年限(岁) 4.00(2.00,7.00) 4.00(2.00,8.00) −0.545 0.586 不孕类型 原发不孕 368(19.72) 260(30.55) 38.580 < 0.001* 继发不孕 1498 (80.28)591(69.45) *P < 0.05。 表 2
2717 例高龄不孕患者的移植情况[n(%)/M(P25,P75)]Table 2. Transplantation status of
2717 elderly infertile patients [n(%)/M(P25,P75)]变量 非临床妊娠(n = 1870 )临床妊娠(n = 851) χ2/Z P 内膜准备方案 促排卵周期 32(1.71) 15(1.76) 10.630 0.014* 降调剂 + 激素替代周期 699(37.46) 357(41.95) 激素替代周期 1072 (57.45)437(51.35) 自然周期 63(3.38) 42(4.94) 受精方式 IVF 1440 (77.17)652(76.62) 1.831 0.400 ICSI 387(20.74) 174(20.45) IVF + RICSI 39(2.09) 25(2.94) 移植前子宫内膜厚度(mm) 8.00(7.00,9.00) 8.00(8.00,10.00) −5.109 < 0.001* 移植胚胎类型 卵裂胚 1480 (79.31)470(55.23) 167.336 < 0.001* 囊胚 386(20.69) 381(44.77) 移植优质卵裂胚数(个) 0 716(38.37) 440(51.70) 63.943 < 0.001* 1 686(36.76) 188(22.09) 2 464(24.87) 223(26.20) 移植优质囊胚数(个) 0 1540 (82.53)493(57.93) 208.479 < 0.001* 1 202(10.83) 164(19.27) 2 124(6.65) 194(22.80) 移植日子宫内膜厚度(mm) 9.00(8.00,10.00) 9.00(8.00,11.00) −6.597 < 0.001* *P < 0.05。 表 3 高龄不孕患者是否发生临床妊娠的Logistic回归分析
Table 3. Logistic regression analysis of whether elderly infertile patients achieved clinical pregnancy
变量 β SE Wald OR 95%CI P 女性年龄(岁) < 40 ≥ 40 −0.596 0.118 25.655 0.551 0.437~0.694 < 0.001* AMH水平(ng/mL) 0.052 0.020 6.553 1.053 1.012~1.095 0.010* 不孕类型 原发不孕 继发不孕 −0.351 0.124 8.094 0.704 0.552~0.896 0.004* 移植胚胎类型 卵裂胚 囊胚 0.568 0.348 2.662 1.765 0.892~3.495 0.103 移植日子宫内膜厚度(mm) 0.140 0.027 27.421 1.150 1.092~1.212 < 0.001* 移植优质卵裂胚数(个) 0 1 0.533 0.204 6.829 1.704 1.143~2.542 0.009* 2 1.051 0.203 26.722 2.861 1.921~4.262 < 0.001* 移植优质囊胚数(个) 0 1 0.709 0.324 4.797 2.033 1.077~3.836 0.029* 2 1.357 0.330 16.920 3.886 2.035~7.42 < 0.001* *P < 0.05。 -
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