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RSS2016 Vol. 37, No. 08
2016, 37(08)
Abstract:
［Abstract］ Neurodegenerative diseases are chronic lesions caused by neuronal degeneration and secondary demyelination. Recent studies have shown that a DNA/RNA binding protein named fused in sarcoma/translocated in liposarcoma protein（FUS/TLS） is associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis （ALS），frontotemporal dementia（FTD）and polyglutamine diseases. Mutations or dysfunction in FUS/TLS are responsible for the abnormal processes in the related gene transcription, RNA processing, transportation and translation and are highly correlated with the development of neurodegenerative disease. Discovery and the research of FUS/TLS not only contribute to the understanding of neurodegenerative disease at RNA level，but also provide a new way for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
［Abstract］ Neurodegenerative diseases are chronic lesions caused by neuronal degeneration and secondary demyelination. Recent studies have shown that a DNA/RNA binding protein named fused in sarcoma/translocated in liposarcoma protein（FUS/TLS） is associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis （ALS），frontotemporal dementia（FTD）and polyglutamine diseases. Mutations or dysfunction in FUS/TLS are responsible for the abnormal processes in the related gene transcription, RNA processing, transportation and translation and are highly correlated with the development of neurodegenerative disease. Discovery and the research of FUS/TLS not only contribute to the understanding of neurodegenerative disease at RNA level，but also provide a new way for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
2016, 37(08)
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［Abstract］Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of rhIFN-γ on human chronic myeloid leukemia cell line K562，and the impaction on the expression of CD123．Methods MTT method was used to test cell relative viability with rhIFN-γ at different concentrations. The expression of CD123 on K562 cells was detected by flow cytometry. Results The relative inhibition of K562 cells proliferation was hampered when the cells were treated with rhIFN-γ for 72 h at the concentration of 5×104～108 U/L，respectively. However， rhIFN-γ at 2×105 U/L was benefit to K562 cells proliferation. After treatment with rhIFN-γ at 0， 2×105 U/L and 107 U/L， the percentages of CD123 expression on K562 cells were （4.10±1.46）%，（7.2±2.50）% as well as （21.6±1.17）%，respectively. Compared with the control group， 107 U/L rhIFN-γ significantly increased the expression of CD123 on K562 cells （P＜0.05）. Conclusion The effect of rhIFN-γ on the growth of K562 cells has two aspects （inhibition or proliferation），and it can increase the expression of CD123.
［Abstract］Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of rhIFN-γ on human chronic myeloid leukemia cell line K562，and the impaction on the expression of CD123．Methods MTT method was used to test cell relative viability with rhIFN-γ at different concentrations. The expression of CD123 on K562 cells was detected by flow cytometry. Results The relative inhibition of K562 cells proliferation was hampered when the cells were treated with rhIFN-γ for 72 h at the concentration of 5×104～108 U/L，respectively. However， rhIFN-γ at 2×105 U/L was benefit to K562 cells proliferation. After treatment with rhIFN-γ at 0， 2×105 U/L and 107 U/L， the percentages of CD123 expression on K562 cells were （4.10±1.46）%，（7.2±2.50）% as well as （21.6±1.17）%，respectively. Compared with the control group， 107 U/L rhIFN-γ significantly increased the expression of CD123 on K562 cells （P＜0.05）. Conclusion The effect of rhIFN-γ on the growth of K562 cells has two aspects （inhibition or proliferation），and it can increase the expression of CD123.
2016, 37(08)
Abstract:
［Abstract］Objectives 99mTc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile （MIBI） SPECT imaging technology was used to observe the condition of tumor cell in-taking imaging agent in the C57BL/6J mice Lewis lung cancer model before and after using Ginsenoside Rg3 （short for Rg3）.We aimd so as to discuss the feasibility of using this method to evaluate tumor multidrug resistance（MDR）status. Methods Mice Lewis lung cancer models were randomly divided into Rg3 group and the control group. After applying Rg3， semi-quantitative analysis was made on 99mTc-MIBI SPECT imaging and region of interest（ROI） to observe the multidrug resistance state of tumor and then the results were compared with the detection results of flow cytometry. Results The tumor intake ratio（T/N）difference between the control group and the Rg3 group in imaging， imaging before applying Rg3 and imaging after applying Rg3 were separately 15， 60 and 120 min．The differences were statistical significant（P < 0.01）. The eliminate indexes（WR）of the control group and Rg3 group were positively related to P-gp protein expression positive cells detected by flow cytometry（P < 0.05）. Conclusions 99mTc-MIBI imaging is negatively related to P-glycoprotein （P-gp） expression in mice Lewis lung cancer cells，which can clearly show the multidrug resistance state of tumors and dynamically monitor the effect of Rg3 on multidrug resistance reversion of mice Lewis lung cancer.
［Abstract］Objectives 99mTc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile （MIBI） SPECT imaging technology was used to observe the condition of tumor cell in-taking imaging agent in the C57BL/6J mice Lewis lung cancer model before and after using Ginsenoside Rg3 （short for Rg3）.We aimd so as to discuss the feasibility of using this method to evaluate tumor multidrug resistance（MDR）status. Methods Mice Lewis lung cancer models were randomly divided into Rg3 group and the control group. After applying Rg3， semi-quantitative analysis was made on 99mTc-MIBI SPECT imaging and region of interest（ROI） to observe the multidrug resistance state of tumor and then the results were compared with the detection results of flow cytometry. Results The tumor intake ratio（T/N）difference between the control group and the Rg3 group in imaging， imaging before applying Rg3 and imaging after applying Rg3 were separately 15， 60 and 120 min．The differences were statistical significant（P < 0.01）. The eliminate indexes（WR）of the control group and Rg3 group were positively related to P-gp protein expression positive cells detected by flow cytometry（P < 0.05）. Conclusions 99mTc-MIBI imaging is negatively related to P-glycoprotein （P-gp） expression in mice Lewis lung cancer cells，which can clearly show the multidrug resistance state of tumors and dynamically monitor the effect of Rg3 on multidrug resistance reversion of mice Lewis lung cancer.
2016, 37(08)
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［Abstract］Objective To investigate the effect of Ginsensode Rg1 on the expression of Neurogranin （Ng） and behavioral alteration in cortex and hippocampus of rats with chronic stress model. Methods A total of 36 adult male SD rats were randomly divided into control group（CON），model group （CUS） and treatment group（CUS-G）. The chronic stress model was established by chronic unpredictable stress. The Morris water maze was used to study the learning and memory ability. The content of Ng in cortex， hippocampus was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot．Results The water maze test showed that after chronic stress， animal learning and memory ability decreased significantly，while the treatment group rats escape latency was significantly reduced（P＜0.05）；after 6 weeks of stress，the cortex and hippocampus Ng mRNA levelschronic stress rats were markedly lower than that of model rats respectively（P＜0.05，P＜0.01，P＜0.05）. The cerebral cortex and hippocampus Ng mRNA levels in treatment group were significantly increased compared with that of model group respectively（P＜0.01，P＜0.05，P＜0.05）；The cerebral cortex and hippocampus Ng levels of chronic stress rat were significantly decreased when compared with that of the model rats respectively（P＜0.05，P＜0.01，P＜0.05），The cerebral cortex and hippocampus Ng content were significantly increased in treatment group compared with the model group respectively（P＜0.01，P＜0.05）. Conclusions Chronic stress can change the behaviors of mice in recognization and memory The contents of Ng and the supplement of Ginsensode Rg1 have positive adjustment.
［Abstract］Objective To investigate the effect of Ginsensode Rg1 on the expression of Neurogranin （Ng） and behavioral alteration in cortex and hippocampus of rats with chronic stress model. Methods A total of 36 adult male SD rats were randomly divided into control group（CON），model group （CUS） and treatment group（CUS-G）. The chronic stress model was established by chronic unpredictable stress. The Morris water maze was used to study the learning and memory ability. The content of Ng in cortex， hippocampus was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot．Results The water maze test showed that after chronic stress， animal learning and memory ability decreased significantly，while the treatment group rats escape latency was significantly reduced（P＜0.05）；after 6 weeks of stress，the cortex and hippocampus Ng mRNA levelschronic stress rats were markedly lower than that of model rats respectively（P＜0.05，P＜0.01，P＜0.05）. The cerebral cortex and hippocampus Ng mRNA levels in treatment group were significantly increased compared with that of model group respectively（P＜0.01，P＜0.05，P＜0.05）；The cerebral cortex and hippocampus Ng levels of chronic stress rat were significantly decreased when compared with that of the model rats respectively（P＜0.05，P＜0.01，P＜0.05），The cerebral cortex and hippocampus Ng content were significantly increased in treatment group compared with the model group respectively（P＜0.01，P＜0.05）. Conclusions Chronic stress can change the behaviors of mice in recognization and memory The contents of Ng and the supplement of Ginsensode Rg1 have positive adjustment.
2016, 37(08)
Abstract:
［Abstract］Objective To observe overexpressional effects of FHIT gene on proliferation， apoptosis， invasion and cell cycle of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells including HepG2，Hep3B and Huh7. Method The pLVX-IRES-FHIT slow virus recombinant vector was constructed and transfected into HepG2， Hep3B and Huh7 cells. We detected the infection of cell proliferation， apotosis， invasion and cell cycle of these cells with overexpression of FHIT and analyzed the relationship of biological effects and time gradient by MTT，Annexin V/PI using cell cycle detection technology and Transwell experiment. Results According to DNA sequencing，the pLVX-IRES-FHIT slow virus recombinant vector was constructed successfully. （1）MTT tests showed that proliferation activity of HepG2，Hep3B and Huh7 with pLVX-IRES-FHIT transfection was reduced significantly in 48 hours and the inhibition was stable after 72 hours. The inhabitation in the control group was not significant（P＜0.05）. AnnexinV/PI double staining method showed that no significant difference of apoptosis level was seen after 48h among three hepatoma cells（P＞0.05）. The order of inhibitional proliferation activity from high to low was HepG2， Hep3B and Huh7；（2） Transwell tests showed that invasive activity of HepG2， Hep3B and Huh7 with pLVX-IRES-FHIT transfection was inhibited （P＜0.05）. The control group was not sinificantly inhibited （P＜0.05）. The order of invasive activity was HepG2＞Hep3B＞Huh7；（3） Cell cycle test showed that the number of cells in G0/G1 stage increased whereas decreased in stage S. Hep3B and Huh7 cells in the control group were not significantly inhibited （P＞0.05）. The influence of FHIT over expression to these cells was that cell cycle stopped in S stage， and sequence of cell number in G0/G1 was HepG2＜Hep3B＜Huh7．Conclusion A positive correlation was found between FHIT expression and cellular differentiation on hepatoma cells. FHIT gene may be a potential gene therapy for human hepatocellular carcinoma.
［Abstract］Objective To observe overexpressional effects of FHIT gene on proliferation， apoptosis， invasion and cell cycle of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells including HepG2，Hep3B and Huh7. Method The pLVX-IRES-FHIT slow virus recombinant vector was constructed and transfected into HepG2， Hep3B and Huh7 cells. We detected the infection of cell proliferation， apotosis， invasion and cell cycle of these cells with overexpression of FHIT and analyzed the relationship of biological effects and time gradient by MTT，Annexin V/PI using cell cycle detection technology and Transwell experiment. Results According to DNA sequencing，the pLVX-IRES-FHIT slow virus recombinant vector was constructed successfully. （1）MTT tests showed that proliferation activity of HepG2，Hep3B and Huh7 with pLVX-IRES-FHIT transfection was reduced significantly in 48 hours and the inhibition was stable after 72 hours. The inhabitation in the control group was not significant（P＜0.05）. AnnexinV/PI double staining method showed that no significant difference of apoptosis level was seen after 48h among three hepatoma cells（P＞0.05）. The order of inhibitional proliferation activity from high to low was HepG2， Hep3B and Huh7；（2） Transwell tests showed that invasive activity of HepG2， Hep3B and Huh7 with pLVX-IRES-FHIT transfection was inhibited （P＜0.05）. The control group was not sinificantly inhibited （P＜0.05）. The order of invasive activity was HepG2＞Hep3B＞Huh7；（3） Cell cycle test showed that the number of cells in G0/G1 stage increased whereas decreased in stage S. Hep3B and Huh7 cells in the control group were not significantly inhibited （P＞0.05）. The influence of FHIT over expression to these cells was that cell cycle stopped in S stage， and sequence of cell number in G0/G1 was HepG2＜Hep3B＜Huh7．Conclusion A positive correlation was found between FHIT expression and cellular differentiation on hepatoma cells. FHIT gene may be a potential gene therapy for human hepatocellular carcinoma.
2016, 37(08)
Abstract:
［Abstract］Objective To investigate the distribution， epidemiologic feature and the related risk features of allergic rhinitis among college students in Kunming. Methods Stratified cluster sampling was conducted in each school as a unit. The investigated subjects included 1500 students aged from18 to 29 years old from 7 universities in Kunming，Yunnan Province. The epidemiological investigation was carried out using the designed questionnaire of allergic rhinitis. The results were analyzed. Results We had given out 1500 questionnaires and the response rate was 98.9%. The self-reported prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 25.4% among college students in Kunming，in which， the males' prevalence rate was 29.3% and the females' was 22.9%. And 3.7% of the students with allergic rhinitis were combined with asthma and the 19.1% combined with a history of familial inheritance. The main risk factor was dust．Conclusion The self-reported and prevalence of allergic rhinitis among college students in Kunming is 25.4%. Males' prevalence rate is slightly higher than the females'. The potential risk factors are bronchial asthma and the history of familial inheritance. The mainly inducement is dust， animal fur and plant pollen.
［Abstract］Objective To investigate the distribution， epidemiologic feature and the related risk features of allergic rhinitis among college students in Kunming. Methods Stratified cluster sampling was conducted in each school as a unit. The investigated subjects included 1500 students aged from18 to 29 years old from 7 universities in Kunming，Yunnan Province. The epidemiological investigation was carried out using the designed questionnaire of allergic rhinitis. The results were analyzed. Results We had given out 1500 questionnaires and the response rate was 98.9%. The self-reported prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 25.4% among college students in Kunming，in which， the males' prevalence rate was 29.3% and the females' was 22.9%. And 3.7% of the students with allergic rhinitis were combined with asthma and the 19.1% combined with a history of familial inheritance. The main risk factor was dust．Conclusion The self-reported and prevalence of allergic rhinitis among college students in Kunming is 25.4%. Males' prevalence rate is slightly higher than the females'. The potential risk factors are bronchial asthma and the history of familial inheritance. The mainly inducement is dust， animal fur and plant pollen.
2016, 37(08)
Abstract:
［Abstract］Objective To study the effects of propofol on cognitive function and expression of BDNF in the cerebral cortex after the traumatic brain injury （TBI）. Methods Forty-eight SD rats treated with the Morris water maze were randomly divided into 3 groups with 16 rats in each group. Rats in the sham group were subjected to the operative procedure but prevented from traumatic brain injury. Rats in the control group and the propofol group were subjected to the traumatic brain injury named Feeney. After the operation，rats in the propofol group were injected propofol for 6 hours. The neurological functional status and the cognitive function of rats were assessed with NSS scores and Morris water maze tests on 3d and 14d post operation. RT-PCR and Westeron Blot were used to detect the expressional changes of BDNF in the injured cerebral cortex．Results Compared with the sham group， NSS scores and the latencies of escape among rats in the control group were increased and times of crossing platform were decreased at 3d and 14 d post operation（P ＜0.01），and the mRNA and protein levels of BDNF were decreased at 3d post operation （P ＜0.01）. Compared with the control group， the mRNA and protein levels of BDNF in the propofol treated rats were increased at 3d and 14d post operation （P ＜0.01）， NSS scores were lower at 14d （P ＜0.01），the latencies were shorter and the times were increased（P ＜0.01）. Conclusion Propofol improves the the expression of BDNF in the injured cerebral cortex and facilitates the recovery of the neurological and cognitive function in rats with traumatic brain.
［Abstract］Objective To study the effects of propofol on cognitive function and expression of BDNF in the cerebral cortex after the traumatic brain injury （TBI）. Methods Forty-eight SD rats treated with the Morris water maze were randomly divided into 3 groups with 16 rats in each group. Rats in the sham group were subjected to the operative procedure but prevented from traumatic brain injury. Rats in the control group and the propofol group were subjected to the traumatic brain injury named Feeney. After the operation，rats in the propofol group were injected propofol for 6 hours. The neurological functional status and the cognitive function of rats were assessed with NSS scores and Morris water maze tests on 3d and 14d post operation. RT-PCR and Westeron Blot were used to detect the expressional changes of BDNF in the injured cerebral cortex．Results Compared with the sham group， NSS scores and the latencies of escape among rats in the control group were increased and times of crossing platform were decreased at 3d and 14 d post operation（P ＜0.01），and the mRNA and protein levels of BDNF were decreased at 3d post operation （P ＜0.01）. Compared with the control group， the mRNA and protein levels of BDNF in the propofol treated rats were increased at 3d and 14d post operation （P ＜0.01）， NSS scores were lower at 14d （P ＜0.01），the latencies were shorter and the times were increased（P ＜0.01）. Conclusion Propofol improves the the expression of BDNF in the injured cerebral cortex and facilitates the recovery of the neurological and cognitive function in rats with traumatic brain.
2016, 37(08)
Abstract:
［Abstract］Objective To investigate the distribution and susceptibility of carbapenem resistant citrobacter freundii for rational antimicrobial therapy. Methods The C.freumdii were collected between January 2011 and December 2014 from inpatients. The minimum inhibitory concentration（MIC） were detected by an automated analyzer（VITEK 2）to analyze the characteristic of tested bacteria. Results（1）Of the 21 strains of carbapenem-resistant citrobacter freundii，95% were collected from urine， among which most of the strains were isolated from the Department of Transplantology（66.7%）and Urology（19%）；（2）Antimicrobials Susceptibility test showed that Citmbacter freund were highly resistant to Cephalosporins and relevant beta -lactamase inhibitors．Even carbapenem were highly resistant.Imipenem had a resistance rate of 90%（95% confidence interval :70 to 99），Meropenem 85.7%（95% confidence interval:64 to 97），The drug resistance rate to Amikacin was only 4.8%，followed by Nitrofuran toin（10.5%）and Fosfomycin（15%）. Conclusions Carbapenem resistant citrobacter freundii，which often causes urinary tract infection in our hospital，was characterized by multi-drug resistant （MDR）. Monitoring of the Citrobaeter freundii should be strengthened to control the prevalence of drug resistance.
［Abstract］Objective To investigate the distribution and susceptibility of carbapenem resistant citrobacter freundii for rational antimicrobial therapy. Methods The C.freumdii were collected between January 2011 and December 2014 from inpatients. The minimum inhibitory concentration（MIC） were detected by an automated analyzer（VITEK 2）to analyze the characteristic of tested bacteria. Results（1）Of the 21 strains of carbapenem-resistant citrobacter freundii，95% were collected from urine， among which most of the strains were isolated from the Department of Transplantology（66.7%）and Urology（19%）；（2）Antimicrobials Susceptibility test showed that Citmbacter freund were highly resistant to Cephalosporins and relevant beta -lactamase inhibitors．Even carbapenem were highly resistant.Imipenem had a resistance rate of 90%（95% confidence interval :70 to 99），Meropenem 85.7%（95% confidence interval:64 to 97），The drug resistance rate to Amikacin was only 4.8%，followed by Nitrofuran toin（10.5%）and Fosfomycin（15%）. Conclusions Carbapenem resistant citrobacter freundii，which often causes urinary tract infection in our hospital，was characterized by multi-drug resistant （MDR）. Monitoring of the Citrobaeter freundii should be strengthened to control the prevalence of drug resistance.
2016, 37(08)
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［Abstract］Objectives To investigate the prevalence of childhood asthma in 2000~2010， to find the changes of childhood asthma in distribution characteristics， precipitating factors， diagnosis and treatment status， and to provide scientific data for the improvement of the prevention and management of asthma in children in Kunming city，China. Methods Children were selected by random cluster sampling. Standardized preliminary questionnaire was used for screening out possible patients in the two surveys of 2000 and 2010. Diagnosis of asthma was confirmed by diagnostic criteria in suspected asthmatic children. Asthmatic children were further asked for past diagnosis and treatment with the questionnaire of asthma in children. Double entry and validation were adopted for all data and analysis was carried out using Epi-Info software. Results Compared with 2000，the total asthma incidence rate increased significantly from 0.88% to 1.40%（χ2＝12.52，P＜0.05）， the coincidence rate of final diagnosis and previous diagnosis increased from 22.8% to 51.3％（χ2＝19.23，P＜0.05）and the proportion of acute exacerbation of asthma reduced from 40.2% to 19.3%（χ2＝12.54，P＜0.05）in 2010. Compared with 2000，Antibiotics use rate reduced from 97.8% to 80.0%（χ2＝14.28，P＜0.05）and the proportion of inhaled corticosteroid increased from 12.0% to 64.0％（χ2＝60.53，P＜0.05）. Conclusion Compared with 10 years ago，the total asthma incidence of childhood asthma aged 0～14 year old in Kunming city was significantly increased. The coincidence rate of final diagnosis and previous diagnosis increased and the proportion of acute exacerbation of asthma reduced. Antibiotics use rate reduced and the proportion of inhaled corticosteroid increased. The treatment and management of asthma in children awaits improvement as well， especially in reducing the rate of missed diagnosis in children with asthma and regulating the use of corticosteroids and bronchodilators inhaling treatment and reduces the use of the proportion of antibiotics.
［Abstract］Objectives To investigate the prevalence of childhood asthma in 2000~2010， to find the changes of childhood asthma in distribution characteristics， precipitating factors， diagnosis and treatment status， and to provide scientific data for the improvement of the prevention and management of asthma in children in Kunming city，China. Methods Children were selected by random cluster sampling. Standardized preliminary questionnaire was used for screening out possible patients in the two surveys of 2000 and 2010. Diagnosis of asthma was confirmed by diagnostic criteria in suspected asthmatic children. Asthmatic children were further asked for past diagnosis and treatment with the questionnaire of asthma in children. Double entry and validation were adopted for all data and analysis was carried out using Epi-Info software. Results Compared with 2000，the total asthma incidence rate increased significantly from 0.88% to 1.40%（χ2＝12.52，P＜0.05）， the coincidence rate of final diagnosis and previous diagnosis increased from 22.8% to 51.3％（χ2＝19.23，P＜0.05）and the proportion of acute exacerbation of asthma reduced from 40.2% to 19.3%（χ2＝12.54，P＜0.05）in 2010. Compared with 2000，Antibiotics use rate reduced from 97.8% to 80.0%（χ2＝14.28，P＜0.05）and the proportion of inhaled corticosteroid increased from 12.0% to 64.0％（χ2＝60.53，P＜0.05）. Conclusion Compared with 10 years ago，the total asthma incidence of childhood asthma aged 0～14 year old in Kunming city was significantly increased. The coincidence rate of final diagnosis and previous diagnosis increased and the proportion of acute exacerbation of asthma reduced. Antibiotics use rate reduced and the proportion of inhaled corticosteroid increased. The treatment and management of asthma in children awaits improvement as well， especially in reducing the rate of missed diagnosis in children with asthma and regulating the use of corticosteroids and bronchodilators inhaling treatment and reduces the use of the proportion of antibiotics.
2016, 37(08)
Abstract:
［Abstract］Objectives This study aimed to understand the attitude of medical students at the undergraduate level towards the learning of first-aid skills and knowledge as well as pre-hospital first-aid services. Furthermore， this study helped to design a more effective strategy of first-aid education in medical schools. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1219 undergraduates in medical university，using stratified and cluster proportion sampling method. Results When an accident was met， 81.26% of the undergraduates would voluntarily offer pre-hospital first-aid assistance; 77.76% students had studied first aid knowledge through various channels. However，most students did not have a systematic comprehension of first-aid knowledge and skills. Conclusion Undergraduates in medical university have a positive attitude to offering pre-hospital first-aid assistance; however， the majority of students lack the ability to provide correct and effective assistance. Therefore，medicinal university needs to provide the students with more effective first-aid education.
［Abstract］Objectives This study aimed to understand the attitude of medical students at the undergraduate level towards the learning of first-aid skills and knowledge as well as pre-hospital first-aid services. Furthermore， this study helped to design a more effective strategy of first-aid education in medical schools. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1219 undergraduates in medical university，using stratified and cluster proportion sampling method. Results When an accident was met， 81.26% of the undergraduates would voluntarily offer pre-hospital first-aid assistance; 77.76% students had studied first aid knowledge through various channels. However，most students did not have a systematic comprehension of first-aid knowledge and skills. Conclusion Undergraduates in medical university have a positive attitude to offering pre-hospital first-aid assistance; however， the majority of students lack the ability to provide correct and effective assistance. Therefore，medicinal university needs to provide the students with more effective first-aid education.
2016, 37(08)
Abstract:
［Abstract］Objective To investigate the effect and the mechanism of parecoxib sodium pretreatment on permeability of blood-brain barrier in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury．Methods Sixty male SD rats weighing 300g were randomly divided into 5 groups （n＝12 each）: sham operation group （group S）； focal cerebral I/R group（group I/R）；parecoxib sodium 5 mg/kg pretreatment group （group L）；parecoxib sodium7.5mg/kg pretreatment group（group M）；parecoxib sodium 10 mg/kg pretreatment group （group H）. Middle cerebral artery occlusion models were made by reforming Longa suture method in SD rats. Thirty minutes before ischemia， rats in group L， M and H were injected with 5 mg/kg、7.5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg parecoxib sodium through the internal jugular vein. Group S and group I/R received equal volume of normal saline. ELISA technique was used to determine the content of S100β， TNF-α， IL-1β in Plasma. The changes of cerebral water content and the Evans Blue exudation from brain capillaries were observed. Results Pretreated with parecoxib sodium（5 mg/kg、7.5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg），the content of S100β，TNF-α，IL-1β in plasma were reduced. The cerebral water content and the EB in brain were reduced. Pretreated with parecoxib sodium 10 mg/kg，Longa scores were reduced. Conclusion Pretreatment with Parecoxib can protect blood-brain barrier against focal cerebral I/R injury by inhibition of the inflammatory reaction．
［Abstract］Objective To investigate the effect and the mechanism of parecoxib sodium pretreatment on permeability of blood-brain barrier in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury．Methods Sixty male SD rats weighing 300g were randomly divided into 5 groups （n＝12 each）: sham operation group （group S）； focal cerebral I/R group（group I/R）；parecoxib sodium 5 mg/kg pretreatment group （group L）；parecoxib sodium7.5mg/kg pretreatment group（group M）；parecoxib sodium 10 mg/kg pretreatment group （group H）. Middle cerebral artery occlusion models were made by reforming Longa suture method in SD rats. Thirty minutes before ischemia， rats in group L， M and H were injected with 5 mg/kg、7.5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg parecoxib sodium through the internal jugular vein. Group S and group I/R received equal volume of normal saline. ELISA technique was used to determine the content of S100β， TNF-α， IL-1β in Plasma. The changes of cerebral water content and the Evans Blue exudation from brain capillaries were observed. Results Pretreated with parecoxib sodium（5 mg/kg、7.5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg），the content of S100β，TNF-α，IL-1β in plasma were reduced. The cerebral water content and the EB in brain were reduced. Pretreated with parecoxib sodium 10 mg/kg，Longa scores were reduced. Conclusion Pretreatment with Parecoxib can protect blood-brain barrier against focal cerebral I/R injury by inhibition of the inflammatory reaction．
2016, 37(08)
Abstract:
［Abstract］Objective To explore the expression and significance of galectin-3 in COPD and lung cancer. Methods Sixty female SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: COPD group，lung cancer group and the control group with 20 rats in each group. COPD group was given tracheal injection of lipopolysaccharide and exposed to daily cigarette to establish the model. Lung cancer group was injected with 3，4-benzopyrene-corn mixture. The control group was fed normally. After 20 weeks， plasma galectin-3 concentration was assessed in each group using ELISA method. Results The galectin-3 average concentrations of COPD group，lung cancer group and the control group were（8.63 ±0.46）ng/mL，（9.15±0.69）ng/mL and（4.47±0.51）ng/mL. The average concentrations in COPD and lung cancer groups were higher than that of the control group with a statistically significant difference （P<0.05）. Conclusion As expressed in COPD and lung cancer， galectin-3 may own a great significance to the occurrence， development and prognosis of COPD and lung cancer.
［Abstract］Objective To explore the expression and significance of galectin-3 in COPD and lung cancer. Methods Sixty female SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: COPD group，lung cancer group and the control group with 20 rats in each group. COPD group was given tracheal injection of lipopolysaccharide and exposed to daily cigarette to establish the model. Lung cancer group was injected with 3，4-benzopyrene-corn mixture. The control group was fed normally. After 20 weeks， plasma galectin-3 concentration was assessed in each group using ELISA method. Results The galectin-3 average concentrations of COPD group，lung cancer group and the control group were（8.63 ±0.46）ng/mL，（9.15±0.69）ng/mL and（4.47±0.51）ng/mL. The average concentrations in COPD and lung cancer groups were higher than that of the control group with a statistically significant difference （P<0.05）. Conclusion As expressed in COPD and lung cancer， galectin-3 may own a great significance to the occurrence， development and prognosis of COPD and lung cancer.
2016, 37(08)
Abstract:
［Abstract］Objectives To investigate the risk factors for asthma in children in Kunming City and to propose asthma control strategy in the region. Methods Children with confirmed diagnosis of asthma， as well as an equal number of non-asthmatic children，were selected for a case-control study. Questionnaires regarding asthmatic and non-asthmatic children were filled out respectively. Double entry and validation were adopted for all data and analysis was carried out using Epi-Info software. McNemar test method was used for difference analysis and logistic regression analysis method was used for correlation analysis between the risk factors. Results Factors including history of drug allergy，family history of allergy，allergic rhinitis，food allergies， adding protein content in baby foods prematurely （3-6 months） and house renovation were associated with asthma （P＜0.05）. Another risk factor was the use of antibiotics within one-year-old （P＝0.033）. Family history of allergy，adding protein content in baby foods prematurely （3-6 months）， house renovation were the independent risk factors for asthma，with odds ratios of 5.583， 2.236 and 2.083 respectively. Conclusion Genetic factors，adding protein content in baby foods prematurely， house renovation and the use of antibiotics within one-year-old may be the risk factors for asthma. Early prevention and treatment of asthma are more important before children develop abnormal lung function， especially in the plateau or sub-plateau region.
［Abstract］Objectives To investigate the risk factors for asthma in children in Kunming City and to propose asthma control strategy in the region. Methods Children with confirmed diagnosis of asthma， as well as an equal number of non-asthmatic children，were selected for a case-control study. Questionnaires regarding asthmatic and non-asthmatic children were filled out respectively. Double entry and validation were adopted for all data and analysis was carried out using Epi-Info software. McNemar test method was used for difference analysis and logistic regression analysis method was used for correlation analysis between the risk factors. Results Factors including history of drug allergy，family history of allergy，allergic rhinitis，food allergies， adding protein content in baby foods prematurely （3-6 months） and house renovation were associated with asthma （P＜0.05）. Another risk factor was the use of antibiotics within one-year-old （P＝0.033）. Family history of allergy，adding protein content in baby foods prematurely （3-6 months）， house renovation were the independent risk factors for asthma，with odds ratios of 5.583， 2.236 and 2.083 respectively. Conclusion Genetic factors，adding protein content in baby foods prematurely， house renovation and the use of antibiotics within one-year-old may be the risk factors for asthma. Early prevention and treatment of asthma are more important before children develop abnormal lung function， especially in the plateau or sub-plateau region.
2016, 37(08)
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Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of and to provide help to the prevention and treatment of malignant chest tumor with nosocomial mixed fungal-bacterial infection. Methods From July 2007 to June 2015，pathogenic bacteria in sputum，blood，urine，chest incision，thoracic and abdominal fluid， and implantable medical biological material were cultivated in 5067 patients with malignant chest tumor suspected with infection. The clinical characteristics， source of specimen and pathogenic bacteria， the types of diseases，medical intervention activities of 142 cases detected with mixed fungal-bacterial infection were retrospectively analyzed. Result In 142 patients，104 patients at clinical stage III - IV accounted for 73.2%，and 94 patients used antibiotics more than 14 days （66.2%）；104 cases had implanted biological materials （74.7%）；96 cases died（67.6%）. A total of 167 strains bacteria were isolated. Sixty-one strains of G+ bacteria accounting for 36.5% were mainly Epidermis staphylococcus and Staphylococcus aureus；106 strains of G- bacteria accounting for 63.5% were mainly klebsiella pneumonia，Escherichia coli and baumanii；172 strains fungus mainly of Candida albicans were isolated （77.3%）. Pathogenic bacteria sources were mainly sputum specimens + pharynx strip， blood culture and medical implant materials. In 72 lung cancer patients，squamous carcinoma and small cell carcinoma were 52.8% and 33.3% respectively， higher than adenocarcinoma（12.5%）; In 42 esophageal cancer patients，postoperative patients were 42.9%. Parenteral nutrition patients with more than 10 days were 80.9% higher than that of parenteral nutrition in patients with less than 10 days（19.1%）. Conclusion Among malignant chest tumor patients with nosocomial mixed fungal-bacterial infection，the bacteria were found in staphylococcus aureus，klebsiella pneumoniae and E. coli and the fungus was Candida albicans. For clinical stage III - IV，patients with parenteral nutrition for more than 10 days，having history of chemo or radiotherapy，with antimicrobial use for more than 14 days，and with implanted biological materials， should be warned about nosocomial mixed fungal-bacterial infection.
2016, 37(08)
Abstract:
［Abstract］Objective To compare the efficacy of two doses of ambroxol in the treatment of the elderly patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）. Methods A hundred and ten cases of the elderly patients with an acute exacerbation of COPD were divided into low-dose group and high-dose group. Low-dose group（56 cases）were given Ambroxol 30 mg，2 times per day for 10 day and high-dose group （54 cases）were given Ambroxol 60 mg，2 times per day for 10 days．Results The effective rate in high-dose group was significantly higher than that in low-dose group．Conclusion High-dose ambroxol has significant effect in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
［Abstract］Objective To compare the efficacy of two doses of ambroxol in the treatment of the elderly patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）. Methods A hundred and ten cases of the elderly patients with an acute exacerbation of COPD were divided into low-dose group and high-dose group. Low-dose group（56 cases）were given Ambroxol 30 mg，2 times per day for 10 day and high-dose group （54 cases）were given Ambroxol 60 mg，2 times per day for 10 days．Results The effective rate in high-dose group was significantly higher than that in low-dose group．Conclusion High-dose ambroxol has significant effect in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
2016, 37(08)
Abstract:
［Abstract］Objective To investigate clinical features of chronic actinic dermatitis（CAD） in Kunming of Yunnan Province．Methods From October 2008 to October 2013，CAD in-patients in our hospital were selected and their general conditions，outcomes of photo-sensitive test and photo-patch test were analyzed in details．Results （1）Among 169 CAD patients，gender ratio（male: female） was 8.9:1. The lesions were mainly distributed on the exposed areas. （2）Photo-sensitive tests of 93 patients showed that the average value of UVA-MPPDwas 7.39 JPcm2 and that of UVB-MED was 20.91 mJPcm2. （3）The results of photo-patch test in 83 patients showed that 48 patients （67.8%）had positive reactions in patch test， and the most common contactant was balsam peru. Fifty-eight patients（69.9%）had positive reactions in photo-patch test indicating that the most common contactant in photo-patch test was balsam peru．Conclusions CAD appears mostly in the middle aged and the aged males and the lesions are mainly distributed on exposed areas. The most common contactants in photo-patch test are balsam peru and perfumed compounds.
［Abstract］Objective To investigate clinical features of chronic actinic dermatitis（CAD） in Kunming of Yunnan Province．Methods From October 2008 to October 2013，CAD in-patients in our hospital were selected and their general conditions，outcomes of photo-sensitive test and photo-patch test were analyzed in details．Results （1）Among 169 CAD patients，gender ratio（male: female） was 8.9:1. The lesions were mainly distributed on the exposed areas. （2）Photo-sensitive tests of 93 patients showed that the average value of UVA-MPPDwas 7.39 JPcm2 and that of UVB-MED was 20.91 mJPcm2. （3）The results of photo-patch test in 83 patients showed that 48 patients （67.8%）had positive reactions in patch test， and the most common contactant was balsam peru. Fifty-eight patients（69.9%）had positive reactions in photo-patch test indicating that the most common contactant in photo-patch test was balsam peru．Conclusions CAD appears mostly in the middle aged and the aged males and the lesions are mainly distributed on exposed areas. The most common contactants in photo-patch test are balsam peru and perfumed compounds.
2016, 37(08)
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［Abstract］Objective To investigate the improvement and safety of the conventional treatment combined with Deanxit in the treatment of digestive adverse（FD）of gastrointestinal symptoms and sleep efficacy. Methods Ninety cases of patients with FD were randomly divided into the control group（pantoprazole capsule and Mosapride will + Capsule associated with sleep disorders with estazolam tablets）and observation group （pantoprazole capsule and Mosapride will + capsule with sleep disorders and estazolam tablets plus Deanxit）. Both groups were treated for 4 weeks. After the course of treatment， the improvement degree and adverse reaction of digestive tract symptoms and sleep were compared between the two groups．Results After 4 weeks of treatment in the observation group with gastrointestinal symptoms were improved and the total effective rate was 86.7%，higher than that of the control group（66.7%）.The difference was statistically gigmificart（P < 0.05）. The total effective rate of was sleep disorders improvement 83.3%， higher than that of control group（61.9%），but the difference was not statistically significant （P > 0.05）.Adverse reaction rates were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion On the basis of conventional therapy，treatment of functional dyspepsia （FD）with Deanxit can significantly alleviate gastrointestinal symptoms．Medication after 3-7 days can relieve the symptoms. After 4 weeks， the total efficiency is the highest with fewer adverse reactions．Clinical application is recommended.
［Abstract］Objective To investigate the improvement and safety of the conventional treatment combined with Deanxit in the treatment of digestive adverse（FD）of gastrointestinal symptoms and sleep efficacy. Methods Ninety cases of patients with FD were randomly divided into the control group（pantoprazole capsule and Mosapride will + Capsule associated with sleep disorders with estazolam tablets）and observation group （pantoprazole capsule and Mosapride will + capsule with sleep disorders and estazolam tablets plus Deanxit）. Both groups were treated for 4 weeks. After the course of treatment， the improvement degree and adverse reaction of digestive tract symptoms and sleep were compared between the two groups．Results After 4 weeks of treatment in the observation group with gastrointestinal symptoms were improved and the total effective rate was 86.7%，higher than that of the control group（66.7%）.The difference was statistically gigmificart（P < 0.05）. The total effective rate of was sleep disorders improvement 83.3%， higher than that of control group（61.9%），but the difference was not statistically significant （P > 0.05）.Adverse reaction rates were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion On the basis of conventional therapy，treatment of functional dyspepsia （FD）with Deanxit can significantly alleviate gastrointestinal symptoms．Medication after 3-7 days can relieve the symptoms. After 4 weeks， the total efficiency is the highest with fewer adverse reactions．Clinical application is recommended.
2016, 37(08)
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［Abstract］Objective To explore the clinical and histopathological characteristics and the diagnostic status of seborrheic keratosis（SK）. Methods The clinical and pathological data of 286 cases were analyzed retrospectively. Results Among the 286 patients， the elderly patients accounted for the majority and more males were diagnosed with SK than females. The lesions were found among 46.2% of patients in the exposure sites， such as face and neck. The most frequent types were hyperkeratosis and acanthosis. The clinical diagnosis consisted with pathologic diagnosis in 152 cases. The clinical misdiagnosis rate was 36.7%. Conclusion SK is related to gender， age， and sunlight. Histopathological examination is important in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of SK.
［Abstract］Objective To explore the clinical and histopathological characteristics and the diagnostic status of seborrheic keratosis（SK）. Methods The clinical and pathological data of 286 cases were analyzed retrospectively. Results Among the 286 patients， the elderly patients accounted for the majority and more males were diagnosed with SK than females. The lesions were found among 46.2% of patients in the exposure sites， such as face and neck. The most frequent types were hyperkeratosis and acanthosis. The clinical diagnosis consisted with pathologic diagnosis in 152 cases. The clinical misdiagnosis rate was 36.7%. Conclusion SK is related to gender， age， and sunlight. Histopathological examination is important in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of SK.
2016, 37(08)
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［Abstract］Objective To explore the use of CA199， CEA， CA50 and ALP combined with magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） in diagnosis of intrahepatic bile duct stones with early bile duct carcinoma. Methods The clinical diagnosis of 36 cases of patients with hepatolithasis-associated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma （HICC） and 118 cases with intrahepatic duct stone（IHDS）were analyzed retrospectively. Serum CA199， CEA，CA50，ALP and magnetic resonance（MRI，MRCP）were performed and the results were analyzed. Results Abdominal pain discomfort in Hepatolithasis-associated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma showed multiple symptoms．Three typical Charcot syndromes were rare．On the gender distribution，intrahepatic bile duct stones was frequently found in women，on the contrary，Hepatolithasis-associated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was frequently more found in men（P＜0.05）．Abdominal pain and fever in patients of Hepatolithasis-associated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was more than that of patients with Intrahepatic bile duct stone（P＜0.05）．When alkaline phosphatase（ALP）was more than 169 U/L，significant difference was seen between two groups（P＜0.05）．According to the diagnosis of HICC，the accuracy of CA199，CEA，CA50 combined with ALP was 88.6%，the accuracy of magnetic resonance examination alone was 90.2%，and the accuracy of multiple serological markers and magnetic resonance was 95.5%. Conclusion MRI combined with serum CA199，CEA，CA50 and ALP can effectively improve the HICC preoperative diagnosis rate.
［Abstract］Objective To explore the use of CA199， CEA， CA50 and ALP combined with magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） in diagnosis of intrahepatic bile duct stones with early bile duct carcinoma. Methods The clinical diagnosis of 36 cases of patients with hepatolithasis-associated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma （HICC） and 118 cases with intrahepatic duct stone（IHDS）were analyzed retrospectively. Serum CA199， CEA，CA50，ALP and magnetic resonance（MRI，MRCP）were performed and the results were analyzed. Results Abdominal pain discomfort in Hepatolithasis-associated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma showed multiple symptoms．Three typical Charcot syndromes were rare．On the gender distribution，intrahepatic bile duct stones was frequently found in women，on the contrary，Hepatolithasis-associated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was frequently more found in men（P＜0.05）．Abdominal pain and fever in patients of Hepatolithasis-associated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was more than that of patients with Intrahepatic bile duct stone（P＜0.05）．When alkaline phosphatase（ALP）was more than 169 U/L，significant difference was seen between two groups（P＜0.05）．According to the diagnosis of HICC，the accuracy of CA199，CEA，CA50 combined with ALP was 88.6%，the accuracy of magnetic resonance examination alone was 90.2%，and the accuracy of multiple serological markers and magnetic resonance was 95.5%. Conclusion MRI combined with serum CA199，CEA，CA50 and ALP can effectively improve the HICC preoperative diagnosis rate.
2016, 37(08)
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［Abstract］Objective To investigate the effects of congenital ptosis on refractive power of the corneal surface. Methods Forty-five patients （90 eyes） with congenital ptosis in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University were examined from October 2013 to June 2015. Corneal topographic analysis was performed in both the ptosis and the normal eyes. The comparison between the ptotic eye and the normal eye was done according to the topographic results. Results Among 90 eyes， 55 were ptotic and 35 were normal. Amblyopia was detected in 21 ptotic eyes（38.2%）. No correlation was found between amblyopia and the severity of ptosis（χ2＝2.617，P＞0.05）. Ptotic eye showed an asymmetrical bow tie pattern（23 eyes） and an irregular pattern （32 eyes） on corneal photography and the maximum refractive power occurred at the inferior quadrant of the corneal horizontal axis. Difference value of the average refractive power of the cornea between lower side and upper side in ptotic eyes was higher than that of the normal eyes at 5mm and 7mm diameter areas（P＜0.01）except for 3mm diameter area（P＞0.05）. Conclusion Congenital ptosis may lead to the change of refractive power of the local corneal surface. Amblyopia has no correlation with the severity of ptosis.
［Abstract］Objective To investigate the effects of congenital ptosis on refractive power of the corneal surface. Methods Forty-five patients （90 eyes） with congenital ptosis in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University were examined from October 2013 to June 2015. Corneal topographic analysis was performed in both the ptosis and the normal eyes. The comparison between the ptotic eye and the normal eye was done according to the topographic results. Results Among 90 eyes， 55 were ptotic and 35 were normal. Amblyopia was detected in 21 ptotic eyes（38.2%）. No correlation was found between amblyopia and the severity of ptosis（χ2＝2.617，P＞0.05）. Ptotic eye showed an asymmetrical bow tie pattern（23 eyes） and an irregular pattern （32 eyes） on corneal photography and the maximum refractive power occurred at the inferior quadrant of the corneal horizontal axis. Difference value of the average refractive power of the cornea between lower side and upper side in ptotic eyes was higher than that of the normal eyes at 5mm and 7mm diameter areas（P＜0.01）except for 3mm diameter area（P＞0.05）. Conclusion Congenital ptosis may lead to the change of refractive power of the local corneal surface. Amblyopia has no correlation with the severity of ptosis.
2016, 37(08)
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［Abstract］Objective To summarize the methods and experience of surgical treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Methods The clinical data of 12 patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm treated in our hospital from August 2010 to December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. All patients were diagnosed by B ultrasound， CT， MRI and DSA，and the surgical treatment plan was established. Open surgical resection and artificial vascular graft were performed in 8 cases and endovascular repairing other 4 cases. Results All the operations were performed successfully with no perioperative mortality. One case of type II internal leakage and 1 case of pulmonary infection were observed. Conclusions The importance attached to perioperative treatment and strict selection of indications and treatment can increase the safety of the surgical performance of abdominal aortic aneurysm.
［Abstract］Objective To summarize the methods and experience of surgical treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Methods The clinical data of 12 patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm treated in our hospital from August 2010 to December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. All patients were diagnosed by B ultrasound， CT， MRI and DSA，and the surgical treatment plan was established. Open surgical resection and artificial vascular graft were performed in 8 cases and endovascular repairing other 4 cases. Results All the operations were performed successfully with no perioperative mortality. One case of type II internal leakage and 1 case of pulmonary infection were observed. Conclusions The importance attached to perioperative treatment and strict selection of indications and treatment can increase the safety of the surgical performance of abdominal aortic aneurysm.
2016, 37(08)
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［Abstract］Objective To assess the value of diffusion weighted imaging（DWI） in monitoring therapy effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy（NAC）in patients with locally advanced breast cancer. Methods The prospective study included 26 lesions in 24 patients with LABC undergoing NAC．MRI was conducted before chemotherapy，after the first cycle of chemotherapyand after all cycles，including conventional MRI and DWI．All patients were confirmed by pre-treatment fine needle aspiration biopsy（FNAB），and postoperative histopathological prout. All lesions were divided into two groups of pathological complete response（pCR）and non-pCR. We evaluated ADC value and its changes in pathological complete response difference between the groups and complete remission in each testing point．Results Before chemotherapy and after the first cycle of chemotherapy，the ADCmean and ADCmin had no statistically significant difference hetween pathologic complete response group and non-complete remission．After the whole chemotherapy，both of them had statistically significant difference;pathological complete response（pCR）and non-pCR early ADCmin value rate were（16.78±22.70）% and （12.37±10.09）% respectively．No statistically significant difference was seen（P = 0.53）. Preoperative ADCmin value rates were（91.41±45.83）% and（29.74±22.96）% respectively，which were statistically significant（P = 0.00）．Conclusion ADC which is measured from DWI can be used to assess early response to NAC in breast cancer lesion， but cannat predict pCR or non-pCR for all cycles of chemotherapy on the first cycle.
［Abstract］Objective To assess the value of diffusion weighted imaging（DWI） in monitoring therapy effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy（NAC）in patients with locally advanced breast cancer. Methods The prospective study included 26 lesions in 24 patients with LABC undergoing NAC．MRI was conducted before chemotherapy，after the first cycle of chemotherapyand after all cycles，including conventional MRI and DWI．All patients were confirmed by pre-treatment fine needle aspiration biopsy（FNAB），and postoperative histopathological prout. All lesions were divided into two groups of pathological complete response（pCR）and non-pCR. We evaluated ADC value and its changes in pathological complete response difference between the groups and complete remission in each testing point．Results Before chemotherapy and after the first cycle of chemotherapy，the ADCmean and ADCmin had no statistically significant difference hetween pathologic complete response group and non-complete remission．After the whole chemotherapy，both of them had statistically significant difference;pathological complete response（pCR）and non-pCR early ADCmin value rate were（16.78±22.70）% and （12.37±10.09）% respectively．No statistically significant difference was seen（P = 0.53）. Preoperative ADCmin value rates were（91.41±45.83）% and（29.74±22.96）% respectively，which were statistically significant（P = 0.00）．Conclusion ADC which is measured from DWI can be used to assess early response to NAC in breast cancer lesion， but cannat predict pCR or non-pCR for all cycles of chemotherapy on the first cycle.
2016, 37(08)
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［Abstract］Objective To observe exposure rates of hydroxyapatite artificial eye by comparing hydroxyapatite prosthesis implantation through lateral rhinotomy approach on the orbit and traditional sclera shell hydroxyapatite prosthesis implantation．Methods After eye content was enucleated at postoperative stage I， 75 patients received hydroxyapatite prosthesis implantation，among which 26 received direct sclera shell prosthesis implantation （group A） and 49 received implantation through lateral rhinotomy approach on the orbit （group B）. During postoperative follow-up from 6 months to 5 years，exposure rates of hydroxyapatite artificial eye under two operation ways were observed and analyzed by χ2 test．Results According to observation，8 cases were exposed in the group A，and 2 cases were repaired by fascia and conjunctival repair．Six cases were healed by prosthesis and sclera replacement．In group B，only 1 case was exposed slightly and recovered after simple conjunctival repair. The incidence of the eye exposure rate using two kinds of operation methods in group A is significantly higher than that in group B（P < 0.05）．The difference was statistically significant. Conclusion The exposure of hydroxyapatite artificial eye can be effectively avoided and postoperative complications can be reduced by hydroxyapatite prosthesis implantation through lateral rhinotomy approach on the orbit among patients with severe eyeball ruptures，painful eyeballs of no light perception and atrophy eyes.
［Abstract］Objective To observe exposure rates of hydroxyapatite artificial eye by comparing hydroxyapatite prosthesis implantation through lateral rhinotomy approach on the orbit and traditional sclera shell hydroxyapatite prosthesis implantation．Methods After eye content was enucleated at postoperative stage I， 75 patients received hydroxyapatite prosthesis implantation，among which 26 received direct sclera shell prosthesis implantation （group A） and 49 received implantation through lateral rhinotomy approach on the orbit （group B）. During postoperative follow-up from 6 months to 5 years，exposure rates of hydroxyapatite artificial eye under two operation ways were observed and analyzed by χ2 test．Results According to observation，8 cases were exposed in the group A，and 2 cases were repaired by fascia and conjunctival repair．Six cases were healed by prosthesis and sclera replacement．In group B，only 1 case was exposed slightly and recovered after simple conjunctival repair. The incidence of the eye exposure rate using two kinds of operation methods in group A is significantly higher than that in group B（P < 0.05）．The difference was statistically significant. Conclusion The exposure of hydroxyapatite artificial eye can be effectively avoided and postoperative complications can be reduced by hydroxyapatite prosthesis implantation through lateral rhinotomy approach on the orbit among patients with severe eyeball ruptures，painful eyeballs of no light perception and atrophy eyes.
2016, 37(08)
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［Abstract］Objective To discuss the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in differentiating benign and malignant tumor of pelvic cavity．Methods From October 2014 to January 2016，abdominal ultrasonography or trans-vaginal ultrasonography were performed among outpatients and inpatients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University. We found 62 cases with pelvic cavity tumors with 64 lumps， which were detected at cystic mass，cystic-solid mass，and solid mass in conventional ultrasonography. We made the diagnosis of all the lumps by performing contrast-enhanced ultrasonography，observing the infusion process and analyzing perfusion pattern，the intensity of perfusion and time intensity curve. By contrasting the diagnosis and the pathologic and long-term follow-up results，we classified the tumors into two groups， benign and malignant. Then we analyzed the time intensity curve and imaging parameters of the two groups．Results Among the total 64 lumps， 43 was found in the group of benign tumor and 21 in the group of malignant tumor. Sixty-two were proved by pathologic results and 2 were proved by long-term follow-up results. Benign tumors showed that the infusion flowed from the peripheral to the center and enhanced equably and the vessels were regularly shaped. Malignant tumor showed that the infusion infiltrated from the center to the peripheral and enhanced quickly and unequally， and vessels were distorted. In the time intensity curve，group of benign tumors presented a gently slow raise and fall type， and group of malignant tumors showed a quickly raise and fall type．Rise time （RT） of malignant group（7.70±2.56s）was shorter than benign group（11.40±6.77s）（P＜0.05）．Peak intensity（PI）of malignant group（16.30±7.41dB）was higher than benign group （12.12±6.70dB） （P＜0.05）. Area Under the Curve（AUC） of malignant group（981.65±548.04 dB s）was bigger than benign group （715.22±651.04dB s）（P＜0.05）. No difference was found between two groups in Time to Peak（TP）and Mean Transit Time （MTT）（P＞0.05）. The sensitivity，specificity，positive and negative predictive value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography were 95.2%， 93.0%，86.9%，and 97.5% respectively．Conclusion Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography can show an eligible blood perfusion and vascularity of lumps. Analyzing perfusion pattern， time intensity curve，and other parameters can improve capacity of diagnosing and differentiating benign tumor and malignant tumor of pelvic cavity.
［Abstract］Objective To discuss the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in differentiating benign and malignant tumor of pelvic cavity．Methods From October 2014 to January 2016，abdominal ultrasonography or trans-vaginal ultrasonography were performed among outpatients and inpatients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University. We found 62 cases with pelvic cavity tumors with 64 lumps， which were detected at cystic mass，cystic-solid mass，and solid mass in conventional ultrasonography. We made the diagnosis of all the lumps by performing contrast-enhanced ultrasonography，observing the infusion process and analyzing perfusion pattern，the intensity of perfusion and time intensity curve. By contrasting the diagnosis and the pathologic and long-term follow-up results，we classified the tumors into two groups， benign and malignant. Then we analyzed the time intensity curve and imaging parameters of the two groups．Results Among the total 64 lumps， 43 was found in the group of benign tumor and 21 in the group of malignant tumor. Sixty-two were proved by pathologic results and 2 were proved by long-term follow-up results. Benign tumors showed that the infusion flowed from the peripheral to the center and enhanced equably and the vessels were regularly shaped. Malignant tumor showed that the infusion infiltrated from the center to the peripheral and enhanced quickly and unequally， and vessels were distorted. In the time intensity curve，group of benign tumors presented a gently slow raise and fall type， and group of malignant tumors showed a quickly raise and fall type．Rise time （RT） of malignant group（7.70±2.56s）was shorter than benign group（11.40±6.77s）（P＜0.05）．Peak intensity（PI）of malignant group（16.30±7.41dB）was higher than benign group （12.12±6.70dB） （P＜0.05）. Area Under the Curve（AUC） of malignant group（981.65±548.04 dB s）was bigger than benign group （715.22±651.04dB s）（P＜0.05）. No difference was found between two groups in Time to Peak（TP）and Mean Transit Time （MTT）（P＞0.05）. The sensitivity，specificity，positive and negative predictive value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography were 95.2%， 93.0%，86.9%，and 97.5% respectively．Conclusion Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography can show an eligible blood perfusion and vascularity of lumps. Analyzing perfusion pattern， time intensity curve，and other parameters can improve capacity of diagnosing and differentiating benign tumor and malignant tumor of pelvic cavity.
2016, 37(08)
Abstract:
［Abstract］Objective To observe the clinical effects and complications of coronary intervention through radial artery and femoral artery．Methods A hundred and sixty patients received coronary intervention treatment or coronary angiogram in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from March 2010 to March 2015 were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into radial artery puncture group （n＝80），who received radial artery puncture and femoral artery puncture group （n＝80）who received femoral artery puncture. The general date such as puncture time， intervention success rate， time in bed， postpuncture compression time and complications such as postoperative bleeding， arterial occlusion and postoperative untoward reactions were recorded and compared. Results The intervention success rate of radial artery puncture group was 90.0% lower than that of femoral artery puncture group （97.5%），with statistically significant differences（P＜0.05）. The puncture time， postpuncture compression time，time in bed and hospital stays of radial artery puncture group were significantly shorter than those of femoral artery puncture group （P＜0.01）. As for complications， the incidences of postpuncture bleeding and vagus nerve reflex in radial artery puncture group were significantly lower than that in femoral artery puncture group（P＜0.05）. As for postoperative untoward reactions， the incidences of irritable and insomnia， uroschesis，pain caused by puncture，local skin injure， back pain in radial artery puncture group were significantly lower than those in femoral artery puncture group（P＜0.01）. Conclusion With the advantages of mini-invasion，such as shorter time in bed and hospital stays，lower complications and untoward reactions rates， coronary intervention through radial artery is worth of clinical application.
［Abstract］Objective To observe the clinical effects and complications of coronary intervention through radial artery and femoral artery．Methods A hundred and sixty patients received coronary intervention treatment or coronary angiogram in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from March 2010 to March 2015 were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into radial artery puncture group （n＝80），who received radial artery puncture and femoral artery puncture group （n＝80）who received femoral artery puncture. The general date such as puncture time， intervention success rate， time in bed， postpuncture compression time and complications such as postoperative bleeding， arterial occlusion and postoperative untoward reactions were recorded and compared. Results The intervention success rate of radial artery puncture group was 90.0% lower than that of femoral artery puncture group （97.5%），with statistically significant differences（P＜0.05）. The puncture time， postpuncture compression time，time in bed and hospital stays of radial artery puncture group were significantly shorter than those of femoral artery puncture group （P＜0.01）. As for complications， the incidences of postpuncture bleeding and vagus nerve reflex in radial artery puncture group were significantly lower than that in femoral artery puncture group（P＜0.05）. As for postoperative untoward reactions， the incidences of irritable and insomnia， uroschesis，pain caused by puncture，local skin injure， back pain in radial artery puncture group were significantly lower than those in femoral artery puncture group（P＜0.01）. Conclusion With the advantages of mini-invasion，such as shorter time in bed and hospital stays，lower complications and untoward reactions rates， coronary intervention through radial artery is worth of clinical application.
2016, 37(08)
Abstract:
［Abstract］Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of severe MT patients， and to add a reference for similar cases. Methods From March 2014 to September 2015， the clinical data of 53 patients with severe MT in Liu'an First People’s hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results Four out of 53 cases of severe MT were missed diagnosis（missed diagnosis rate: 7.5%）；51 cases（96.2%）received surgical treatment；2 cases （3.8%）were treated by non operation， 45 cases（84.9%） were treated successfully， and 8 cases（15.1%） died. Among the 8 patients， 3 died of severe craniocerebral injury，2 cases died of MODS and sepsis，and 1 cases died of shock. Fifteen cases of primary thoracic and abdominal trauma patients with DCS after treatment were cured and discharged，among which PCT in the treatment of 2 d increased only at the beginning then gradually reduced after. CRP， IL-6 and IL-10 all showed a trend of decline. Compared with 7 d and 1 d， significant difference was shown （P＜0.01）. Conclusion By clearly knowing the clinical characteristics of severe MT， accurate diagnosis should be made to avoid misdiagnosis. At the same time， we should pay more attention to the emergency treatment and the treatment of fatal injury.
［Abstract］Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of severe MT patients， and to add a reference for similar cases. Methods From March 2014 to September 2015， the clinical data of 53 patients with severe MT in Liu'an First People’s hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results Four out of 53 cases of severe MT were missed diagnosis（missed diagnosis rate: 7.5%）；51 cases（96.2%）received surgical treatment；2 cases （3.8%）were treated by non operation， 45 cases（84.9%） were treated successfully， and 8 cases（15.1%） died. Among the 8 patients， 3 died of severe craniocerebral injury，2 cases died of MODS and sepsis，and 1 cases died of shock. Fifteen cases of primary thoracic and abdominal trauma patients with DCS after treatment were cured and discharged，among which PCT in the treatment of 2 d increased only at the beginning then gradually reduced after. CRP， IL-6 and IL-10 all showed a trend of decline. Compared with 7 d and 1 d， significant difference was shown （P＜0.01）. Conclusion By clearly knowing the clinical characteristics of severe MT， accurate diagnosis should be made to avoid misdiagnosis. At the same time， we should pay more attention to the emergency treatment and the treatment of fatal injury.
2016, 37(08)
Abstract:
［Abstract］Objective To investigate the correlation between prenatal infection and premature rupture of membranes（PROM）. Methods Eighty-three cases of PROM in People's Hospital of Chengmai County from July 2014 to July 2015 were selected as observation group， and 80 cases of normal pregnant women were randomly selected as control group．Prenatal genital tract infection， neonatal morbidity，maternal serum C reactive protein （CRP） and white blood cell count level， maternal amniotic fluid cell factor level were compared between two groups. Results The total incidence rate in the control group was 23.75%，and the difference was statistically significant （P＜0.05）. The incidence of respiratory distress syndrome， pneumonia and high serum bilirubin in the observation group was significantly higher than those in the control group（P＜0.05）. The IL-6， IL-8 and TNF-α in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group （P＜0.05）. Conclusion Prenatal reproductive tract infection and PROM are closely related．Infection is a factor causing PROM，which increases the rate of neonatal morbidity. Through prenatal test of blood CRP，amniotic fluid IL-6， IL-8，and detection of TNF - levels， the risk of PROM can be predicted in advance so that measures can be taken to avoid PROM and PROM-related maternal and fetal complications can be taken.
［Abstract］Objective To investigate the correlation between prenatal infection and premature rupture of membranes（PROM）. Methods Eighty-three cases of PROM in People's Hospital of Chengmai County from July 2014 to July 2015 were selected as observation group， and 80 cases of normal pregnant women were randomly selected as control group．Prenatal genital tract infection， neonatal morbidity，maternal serum C reactive protein （CRP） and white blood cell count level， maternal amniotic fluid cell factor level were compared between two groups. Results The total incidence rate in the control group was 23.75%，and the difference was statistically significant （P＜0.05）. The incidence of respiratory distress syndrome， pneumonia and high serum bilirubin in the observation group was significantly higher than those in the control group（P＜0.05）. The IL-6， IL-8 and TNF-α in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group （P＜0.05）. Conclusion Prenatal reproductive tract infection and PROM are closely related．Infection is a factor causing PROM，which increases the rate of neonatal morbidity. Through prenatal test of blood CRP，amniotic fluid IL-6， IL-8，and detection of TNF - levels， the risk of PROM can be predicted in advance so that measures can be taken to avoid PROM and PROM-related maternal and fetal complications can be taken.
2016, 37(08)
Abstract:
［Abstract］Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of laparoscopic appendectomy for acute appendicitis. Methods Nighty-two cases of acute appendicitis were included in this study， randomly divided into observation group（n＝46） and control group（n＝46）according to the random number table method. The observation group was treated with laparoscopic appendectomy，and control group with the traditional open appendectomy treatment. We compared the two groups of cases in postoperative conditions and the level of WBC changes and 1d and 3d after operation. Results The operation time of the observation group was shorter than that of the control group（t＝4.049，P＜0.05）；there was no significant difference in lymph nodes（t＝0.570，P＞0.05）；the amount of bleeding was less than that of the control group（t＝20.748， P＜0.05）. The get-out-of-bed activity time in the observation group was faster than the control group（t＝9.221，P＜0.05）; eating time was faster than the control group（t＝8.794，P＜0.05）；the anus recovery exhaust time was faster than the control group（t＝17.423，P＜0.05）；hospital stay was shorter than the control group（t＝13.479，P＜0.05）；the complication rate was lower than that of the control group（t＝13.883，P＜0.05）. The levels of 1d and 3d WBC were lower in the observation group than that in the preoperative group（t＝7.277，26.911，P＜0.05）；the levels of 1d and 3d WBC in the observation group were lower than those in the control group at the same time（t＝3.6189，17.827，P＜0.05）；the 3d WBC level of the observation group was lower than that of 1d（t＝20.732，P＜0.05）. Conclusion Laparoscopic appendectomy is a safe and effective treatment for patients with acute appendicitis， and it is worthy of further clinical research.
［Abstract］Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of laparoscopic appendectomy for acute appendicitis. Methods Nighty-two cases of acute appendicitis were included in this study， randomly divided into observation group（n＝46） and control group（n＝46）according to the random number table method. The observation group was treated with laparoscopic appendectomy，and control group with the traditional open appendectomy treatment. We compared the two groups of cases in postoperative conditions and the level of WBC changes and 1d and 3d after operation. Results The operation time of the observation group was shorter than that of the control group（t＝4.049，P＜0.05）；there was no significant difference in lymph nodes（t＝0.570，P＞0.05）；the amount of bleeding was less than that of the control group（t＝20.748， P＜0.05）. The get-out-of-bed activity time in the observation group was faster than the control group（t＝9.221，P＜0.05）; eating time was faster than the control group（t＝8.794，P＜0.05）；the anus recovery exhaust time was faster than the control group（t＝17.423，P＜0.05）；hospital stay was shorter than the control group（t＝13.479，P＜0.05）；the complication rate was lower than that of the control group（t＝13.883，P＜0.05）. The levels of 1d and 3d WBC were lower in the observation group than that in the preoperative group（t＝7.277，26.911，P＜0.05）；the levels of 1d and 3d WBC in the observation group were lower than those in the control group at the same time（t＝3.6189，17.827，P＜0.05）；the 3d WBC level of the observation group was lower than that of 1d（t＝20.732，P＜0.05）. Conclusion Laparoscopic appendectomy is a safe and effective treatment for patients with acute appendicitis， and it is worthy of further clinical research.
2016, 37(08)
Abstract:
［Abstract］Objective To discuss risk factors for postoperative complications after Mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy（mPNL）using modified Clavien classification of surgical complications. Methods From September 1999 to December 2010，4533 patients having complications after mPNL were analyzed with five related clinical factors using the modified Clavien classification of surgical complications in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University. Results Among 88 cases having complications（1.94%），69 had hemorrhage （0.24%），5 had colon injury（0.11%）， 3 had septic shock（0.06%），5 had liquid absorption syndrome （0.11%），6 had pleural effusion（0.13%）. According to the modified Clavien classification，11 cases were clustered into Class I （0.24%），71 cases into Class II（1.56%），6 cases into Class Ⅲa （0.13%）and no cases was classified in Class Ⅲb，Ⅳa， Ⅳb and V. For patients having complications of Class II and III， the average hospital stay was significantly longer than those having either Class I or no complications. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that five factors were associated with postoperative complications，including operation time（OR=1.46）， ASA score（O =2.49），having cardiovascular disease or diabetes at the same time（OR=1.67）， stone load （OR=1.34）and positive urine culture（OR=0.97）. Conclusion Using modified Clavien classification of surgical complications in the analysis of mPNL was standard， objective， applicable and recommended.
［Abstract］Objective To discuss risk factors for postoperative complications after Mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy（mPNL）using modified Clavien classification of surgical complications. Methods From September 1999 to December 2010，4533 patients having complications after mPNL were analyzed with five related clinical factors using the modified Clavien classification of surgical complications in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University. Results Among 88 cases having complications（1.94%），69 had hemorrhage （0.24%），5 had colon injury（0.11%）， 3 had septic shock（0.06%），5 had liquid absorption syndrome （0.11%），6 had pleural effusion（0.13%）. According to the modified Clavien classification，11 cases were clustered into Class I （0.24%），71 cases into Class II（1.56%），6 cases into Class Ⅲa （0.13%）and no cases was classified in Class Ⅲb，Ⅳa， Ⅳb and V. For patients having complications of Class II and III， the average hospital stay was significantly longer than those having either Class I or no complications. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that five factors were associated with postoperative complications，including operation time（OR=1.46）， ASA score（O =2.49），having cardiovascular disease or diabetes at the same time（OR=1.67）， stone load （OR=1.34）and positive urine culture（OR=0.97）. Conclusion Using modified Clavien classification of surgical complications in the analysis of mPNL was standard， objective， applicable and recommended.
2016, 37(08)
Abstract:
［Abstract］Objectives To enhance the diagnosis of cervical epithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer at the early stage and to prevent cervical invasive carcinoma by analyzing the cervical/vaginal cytology or histopathologic results of Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance（ASCUS）. Methods From January 2014 to June 2015， a total of 4579 cases were selected in the census of gynecological diseases in Qiannan Hospital. TBS classification （the bethesda system） showed that 164 cases of ASCUS or above were found using cervical/vaginal cytology with live tissue under colposcopy．Results Among 164 cases， 75 was cervical intraepithelial neoplasia level 3 （CINIII） accounting for 54.7%. Sixty-three cases of ASCUS and 16 of CINII or above were found among patients at the age of 39 or younger （25.4%）. A hundred and one cases of ASCUS and 59 of CINII or above were found among women older than 40 （58.41%）. Among patients with liquid-based cervical cytology positive， those older than 40 had higher risk. Liquid-based cervical cytology examination was divided into 5 levels. Spearman rank correlation analysis was applied with correlation coefficient （r = 1） and positive correlation was shown （P = 0.000， P＜0.01）. The difference was statistically significant. The higher level of liquid-based cervical cytology examination level was required， the higher risk of cervical cancer was seen among women. Conclusion The use of liquid-based cervical cytology examination can help grassroots doctors improve CIN diagnosis rate and prevent cervical invasive carcinoma among women in the countryside.
［Abstract］Objectives To enhance the diagnosis of cervical epithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer at the early stage and to prevent cervical invasive carcinoma by analyzing the cervical/vaginal cytology or histopathologic results of Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance（ASCUS）. Methods From January 2014 to June 2015， a total of 4579 cases were selected in the census of gynecological diseases in Qiannan Hospital. TBS classification （the bethesda system） showed that 164 cases of ASCUS or above were found using cervical/vaginal cytology with live tissue under colposcopy．Results Among 164 cases， 75 was cervical intraepithelial neoplasia level 3 （CINIII） accounting for 54.7%. Sixty-three cases of ASCUS and 16 of CINII or above were found among patients at the age of 39 or younger （25.4%）. A hundred and one cases of ASCUS and 59 of CINII or above were found among women older than 40 （58.41%）. Among patients with liquid-based cervical cytology positive， those older than 40 had higher risk. Liquid-based cervical cytology examination was divided into 5 levels. Spearman rank correlation analysis was applied with correlation coefficient （r = 1） and positive correlation was shown （P = 0.000， P＜0.01）. The difference was statistically significant. The higher level of liquid-based cervical cytology examination level was required， the higher risk of cervical cancer was seen among women. Conclusion The use of liquid-based cervical cytology examination can help grassroots doctors improve CIN diagnosis rate and prevent cervical invasive carcinoma among women in the countryside.
2016, 37(08)
Abstract:
［Abstract］Objective In order to find out the properly corresponding solutions of stomatology doctors’ profession exhaustion，we investigated and analyzed the current situations and the influential factors．The solutions would help stomatology doctors improve the working efficiency and the enthusiasm to job. Methods The survey was conducted using MBI-GS questionnaire. Results Among all the participants 52% had a certain degree of emotional exhaustion，58% had emotional exhaustion，61% were cynic and had doubts about personal accomplishments．Females were even worse than the male in emotional exhaustion．Significant correlation was found between wage satisfaction and oral health care provider’s emotions（P＜0.05）．No significant relationship was seen between the marital status and different nature of the unit，and the score was not statistically significant（P＞0.05）.No obvious difference wss observed in different professional titles．Conclusion In Hainan Area，the stomatology doctors have partly job burnout，according to these surveys，we now taking diversified and adjusted measures to make corrections and prevent the job burnout.
［Abstract］Objective In order to find out the properly corresponding solutions of stomatology doctors’ profession exhaustion，we investigated and analyzed the current situations and the influential factors．The solutions would help stomatology doctors improve the working efficiency and the enthusiasm to job. Methods The survey was conducted using MBI-GS questionnaire. Results Among all the participants 52% had a certain degree of emotional exhaustion，58% had emotional exhaustion，61% were cynic and had doubts about personal accomplishments．Females were even worse than the male in emotional exhaustion．Significant correlation was found between wage satisfaction and oral health care provider’s emotions（P＜0.05）．No significant relationship was seen between the marital status and different nature of the unit，and the score was not statistically significant（P＞0.05）.No obvious difference wss observed in different professional titles．Conclusion In Hainan Area，the stomatology doctors have partly job burnout，according to these surveys，we now taking diversified and adjusted measures to make corrections and prevent the job burnout.
2016, 37(08)
Abstract:
［Abstract］Objective This study aimed to estimate the impact of the threshold of Autocapture algorithm on the pacemaker's service life．Methods Seventy-four patients implanted with VVI pacemaker were retrospectively evaluated. Among them，48 were implanted with pacemaker of autocapture function. Diagnostic data were retrieved from device memory. Pacemaker's service life was estimated according to the working flow and voltage．Results（1） The average working voltage of the control group and the observation group was（2.8±0.4）V and（1.1±0.4）V respectively. The difference was statistically significant；（2）The battery life in the observation group was （12.59±0.55）a，significantly longer than that in the control group（6.74±1.12）a，with an 86.8% increase of the device's estimated service life（P＜0.05）. Conclusion The Autocapture function results in a significant service life of cardiac pacemaker and represents valuable clinical technology.
［Abstract］Objective This study aimed to estimate the impact of the threshold of Autocapture algorithm on the pacemaker's service life．Methods Seventy-four patients implanted with VVI pacemaker were retrospectively evaluated. Among them，48 were implanted with pacemaker of autocapture function. Diagnostic data were retrieved from device memory. Pacemaker's service life was estimated according to the working flow and voltage．Results（1） The average working voltage of the control group and the observation group was（2.8±0.4）V and（1.1±0.4）V respectively. The difference was statistically significant；（2）The battery life in the observation group was （12.59±0.55）a，significantly longer than that in the control group（6.74±1.12）a，with an 86.8% increase of the device's estimated service life（P＜0.05）. Conclusion The Autocapture function results in a significant service life of cardiac pacemaker and represents valuable clinical technology.
2016, 37(08)
Abstract:
［Abstract］Postoperative pain is an important factor which affects patients’postoperative rehabilitation training. With the application of ultrasound guided nerve block and multimodal analgesia，the quality of postoperative pain management has improved obviously among patients after foot and ankle surgery. The study has reviewed the related research.
［Abstract］Postoperative pain is an important factor which affects patients’postoperative rehabilitation training. With the application of ultrasound guided nerve block and multimodal analgesia，the quality of postoperative pain management has improved obviously among patients after foot and ankle surgery. The study has reviewed the related research.
2016, 37(08)
Abstract:
［Abstract］Objective To observe the influence of nursing intervention on postpartum depression and breastfeeding compliance in primipara. Methods From August 2013 to April 2015， 146 women received cesarean section in North Jiaochang Branch of Hanzhong Central Hospital were randomly divided into intervention group and control group with 73 cases in each group. The control group was treated with routine nursing measures， and the intervention group with both routine care and nursing intervention. Self-Rating Depression Scale （SDS） and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale（SAS）were used to evaluate the negative emotions of maternal postpartum. Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale（BSES）were used to evaluate the confidence of maternal breast feeding. The breast feeding compliance between the two groups was compared. The breast feeding rates of the two groups were compared in 1 week and 1 month after discharge. Results Compared with the control group， the SDS and SAS scores of the intervention group were significantly lower（P＜0.05）. The breastfeeding confidence of the intervention group was significantly better than the control group and the difference was statistically significant（P＜0.05）. The compliance of breast feeding of the intervention group was 97.26% significantly higher than that of the control group（78.08%） with a statistically significant difference（P＜0.05）. After one-week and one- month follow-up， the rate of breastfeeding of the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group（95.89% VS 83.56%; 91.78% VS 72.60%，P＜0.05）. Conclusion The nursing intervention measures for primipara after cesarean section can significantly break bad mood， enhance maternal breastfeeding confidence，increase the rate of breastfeeding compliance and are worthy of promotion.
［Abstract］Objective To observe the influence of nursing intervention on postpartum depression and breastfeeding compliance in primipara. Methods From August 2013 to April 2015， 146 women received cesarean section in North Jiaochang Branch of Hanzhong Central Hospital were randomly divided into intervention group and control group with 73 cases in each group. The control group was treated with routine nursing measures， and the intervention group with both routine care and nursing intervention. Self-Rating Depression Scale （SDS） and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale（SAS）were used to evaluate the negative emotions of maternal postpartum. Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale（BSES）were used to evaluate the confidence of maternal breast feeding. The breast feeding compliance between the two groups was compared. The breast feeding rates of the two groups were compared in 1 week and 1 month after discharge. Results Compared with the control group， the SDS and SAS scores of the intervention group were significantly lower（P＜0.05）. The breastfeeding confidence of the intervention group was significantly better than the control group and the difference was statistically significant（P＜0.05）. The compliance of breast feeding of the intervention group was 97.26% significantly higher than that of the control group（78.08%） with a statistically significant difference（P＜0.05）. After one-week and one- month follow-up， the rate of breastfeeding of the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group（95.89% VS 83.56%; 91.78% VS 72.60%，P＜0.05）. Conclusion The nursing intervention measures for primipara after cesarean section can significantly break bad mood， enhance maternal breastfeeding confidence，increase the rate of breastfeeding compliance and are worthy of promotion.
