Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Death Risk Factors in Patients with Community-acquired Pneumonia Complicated with Diabetes

Jianfang MA; Xiaoling HUANG; Yanhua LI; Di MA; Kaifen YUAN

doi:10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20240217

Volume 45 Issue 2

Feb. 2024

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Jianfang MA, Xiaoling HUANG, Yanhua LI, Di MA, Kaifen YUAN. Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Death Risk Factors in Patients with Community-acquired Pneumonia Complicated with Diabetes[J]. Journal of Kunming Medical University, 2024, 45(2): 123-130. doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20240217

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Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Death Risk Factors in Patients with Community-acquired Pneumonia Complicated with Diabetes

doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20240217

1.
Dept. of General Medicine，The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University，Kunming Yunnan 650101，China

Received Date: 2023-10-10
Available Online: 2024-02-22
Publish Date: 2024-02-25

Abstract

Abstract

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of death during hospitalization in patients with community-acquired pneumonia（CAP） complicated with diabetes mellitus（DM）. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 566 patients with CAP hospitalized in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from January 2018 to January 2022. The patients were divided into simple CAP group（n=478） and CAP combined with diabetes（CAP+DM） group（n=88） according to whether they had diabetes, and then CAP+DM group（n=88） was divided into survival group（n=69） and death group（n =19） according to whether the patients died during hospitalization. The clinical data and laboratory test indicators of patients in different groups were compared. Cox regression analysis was used to screen the risk factors of death during hospitalization in the CAP+DM group. Receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curve was plotted to evaluate the predictive value of independent risk factors on hospitalization death. Results Compared with the simple CAP group, the CAP+DM group had significant differences in age, concomitant hypertension, coronary heart disease, CURB-65 score, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio（NLR）, C-reactive protein（CRP）, procalcitonin（PCT）, albumin（ALB）, prealbumin（PA）, glucose（GLU）, serum potassium（K）, calcium（Ca）, phosphorus（P）, magnesium（Mg）, lactic acid（Lac）, non-invasive ventilation time, ICU occupancy rate and mortality rate（P < 0.05）; Compared with the survival group, there were statistically significant differences in CURB-65 score, NLR, CRP, PCT, GIU, ALB, PA, serum iron（Fe）, Ca, non-invasive ventilation time, and ICU admission rate among the death group patients（P < 0.05）. Cox regression analysis showed that the increase of NLR level and the decrease in PA level were the risk factors for in-hospital death in patients with CAP complicated with diabetes（P < 0.05）. When the PA cutoff value was 91 mg/L, the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity for predicting in-hospital death of CAP patients with diabetes were 0.849, 84.2% and 81.2%, respectively. Conclusion Patients with CAP combined with diabetes are more serious and have worse prognosis than those with CAP alone. PA has a good predictive value for the prognosis of these patients. Early detection and active intervention should be carried out to reduce the in-hospital mortality of patients.
- Community-acquired pneumonia,
- Diabetes mellitus,
- Clinical features,
- Mortality rate,
- Prealbumin

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