Analysis of the Value of Serum Testosterone,Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin and Vitamin D Levels in Predicting Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Complicated by Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
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摘要:
目的 探究血清睾酮(testosterone,T)、性激素结合球蛋白(sex hormone-binding globulin,SHBG)及25-羟维生素D[25-Hydroxyvitamin D,25(OH)D]水平预测多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)并发妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)的价值。 方法 2023年2月至2025年2月期间,收集衡水市人民医院收治的180例经规范化治疗后妊娠并分娩的PCOS患者临床资料开展一项回顾性临床研究。按GDM并发状况分为无GDM组(n = 133例)、GDM组(n = 47例)。比较两组临床资料,应用二元Logistic回归分析探究PCOS并发GDM的影响因素,并建立ROC曲线分析血清T、SHBG、25(OH)D水平及三项联合数据预测PCOS并发GDM的价值效能。 结果 二元Logistic回归模型结果显示,孕前BMI、孕期增长体质量、胰岛素、T、SHBG、25(OH)D均是PCOS并发GDM的影响因素(P < 0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,血清T、SHBG及25(OH)D水平预测PCOS并发GDM的AUC分别为0.709、0.825、0.718;敏感度分别为0.915、0.638、0.511;特异性分别为70.80%、0.496、0.940、0.902。三项联合数据预测PCOS并发GDM的AUC为0.929,敏感度为0.894,特异性0.782。Pearson 相关性显示,PCOS并发GDM患者血清T、SHBG及25(OH)D水平互为正相关(r = 0.559、0.488、0.465,P < 0.05)。 结论 血清T、SHBG及25(OH)D水平预测PCOS并发GDM均具有一定价值,三项联合数据预测效能更高。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the value of serum testosterone (T), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels in predicting gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) complicating polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods A retrospective clinical study was conducted on the clinical data from 180 PCOS patients who underwent the standardized treatment and became pregnant and delivered at Hengshui People’ s Hospital between February 2023 and February 2025. Theses patients were categorized into no GDM group (n = 133 cases) and GDM group (n = 47 cases) according to their GDM complication status. The clinical data of the two groups was compared and the binary logistic regression analysis was applied to explore the influencing factors of GDM complicated by PCOS. And ROC curves were established to analyze the serum T, SHBG, 25(OH)D levels and the value efficacy of the three combined data in predicting GDM complicated by PCOS. Results The results of the binary logistic regression model showed that pre-pregnancy BMI, growing body mass during the pregnancy, insulin, T, SHBG, and 25(OH)D were influencing factors of PCOS complicating GDM (P < 0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that serum T, SHBG and 25(OH)D levels predicted PCOS-complicated GDM with an AUC of 0.709, 0.825, and 0.718, respectively; sensitivities were 0.915, 0.638, and 0.511, respectively; and specificities were 70.80%, 0.496, 0.940, and 0.902, respectively. The AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of three combined data predictions for PCOS complicated with GDM were 0.929, 0.894, and 0.782, respectively. Pearson correlation showed that serum T, SHBG and 25(OH)D levels were positively correlated with each other in patients with PCOS complicated with GDM (r = 0.559, 0.488, 0.465, P < 0.05). Conclusion Serum T, SHBG and 25(OH)D levels are valuable in predicting PCOS complicated with GDM, and the combined data of the three items are more effective. -
表 1 两组患者临床资料单因素比较[n(%)/($ \bar x \pm s $)]
Table 1. Univariate comparison of clinical data between the two groups of patients [n(%)/($ \bar x \pm s $)]
指标 分类 非GDM组(n = 133) GDM组(n = 47) t/χ2 P 年龄(岁) 28.91 ± 3.11 29.64 ± 2.33 1.465 0.145 妊娠次数(次) 1 81(60.9) 32(68.09) 0.767 0.381 ≥2 52(39.1) 15(31.91) 平素吸烟 有 8(6.02) 5(10.64) 1.108 0.293 无 125(93.98) 42(89.36) 糖尿病家族史 有 16(12.03) 14(29.79) 7.884 0.005 无 117(87.97) 33(70.21) 孕前BMI(kg/m2) 22.3 ± 2.51 23.79 ± 2.08 3.650 < 0.001* 孕期增长体质量(kg) 3.13 ± 0.84 4.02 ± 1.04 5.855 < 0.001* 维生素补充史 有 63(47.37) 12(25.53) 6.813 0.009* 无 70(52.63) 35(74.47) 鱼类摄入(次/周) 2.87 ± 0.92 2.45 ± 0.58 2.951 0.004* 平均日照时间(h) 1.49 ± 0.50 1.11 ± 0.31 4.896 < 0.001* HbAlc(%) 5.14 ± 0.33 5.31 ± 0.37 2.940 0.004 GA(%) 13.44 ± 1.15 13.29 ± 1.33 0.737 0.462 TC(mmol/L) 4.03 ± 0.75 4.13 ± 0.73 0.791 0.430 TG(mmol/L) 1.16 ± 0.56 1.27 ± 0.55 1.163 0.247 HDL-C(mmol/L) 1.52 ± 0.31 1.57 ± 0.38 0.895 0.372 LDL-C(mmol/L) 2.38 ± 0.63 2.55 ± 0.66 1.571 0.118 胰岛素(pmol/L) 25.53 ± 7.65 30.38 ± 8.75 3.596 < 0.001* T(nmol/L) 2.62 ± 0.69 3.18 ± 0.77 4.638 < 0.001* SHBG(nmol/L) 539.96 ± 56.21 474.72 ± 53.42 6.927 < 0.001* 25(OH)D(ng/mL) 27.44 ± 5.23 22.7 ± 5.47 5.277 < 0.001* *P < 0.05。 表 2 自变量赋值
Table 2. Assignment of independent variables
变量 赋值 糖尿病家族史 0 = 有,1 = 无 孕前BMI 连续变量,直接纳入 维生素补充史 0 = 有,1 = 无 鱼类摄入 连续变量,直接纳入 平均日照时间 连续变量,直接纳入 孕期增长体质量 连续变量,直接纳入 HbAlc 连续变量,直接纳入 胰岛素 连续变量,直接纳入 T 连续变量,直接纳入 SHBG 连续变量,直接纳入 25(OH)D 连续变量,直接纳入 表 3 PCOS并发GDM的Logistic回归影响因素分析
Table 3. Logistic regression analysis of factors influencing PCOS with GDM
变量 B SE Wald P OR 95%CI 下限 上限 糖尿病家族史 1.655 1.334 1.54 0.215 5.236 0.383 71.563 孕前BMI 0.622 0.279 4.972 0.026 1.862 1.078 3.215 孕期增长体质量 1.754 0.737 5.658 0.017 5.779 1.362 24.526 HbAlc 3.859 2.048 3.550 0.060 47.414 0.856 2625.157 维生素补充史 1.120 1.057 1.122 0.289 3.065 0.386 24.341 鱼类摄入 −1.954 1.007 3.764 0.052 0.142 0.020 1.020 平均日照时间 −2.692 1.531 3.093 0.079 0.068 0.003 1.361 胰岛素 0.183 0.086 4.481 0.034 1.201 1.014 1.422 T 1.834 0.895 4.197 0.040 6.258 1.083 36.167 SHBG −0.05 0.015 11.172 0.001 0.952 0.924 0.98 维生素D −0.500 0.152 10.869 0.001 0.607 0.451 0.817 表 4 PCOS并发GDM患者血清T、SHBG及25(OH)D水平相关性分析
Table 4. Correlation analysis of serum T,SHBG,and 25(OH)D levels in patients with PCOS and GDM
Pearson 相关性 T SHBG 25(OH)D T r − 0.559 0.488 P − < 0.001 0.001 SHBG r 0.559 − 0.465 P < 0.001 − 0.001 25(OH)D r 0.488 0.465 − P 0.001 0.001 − N 47 47 47 表 5 血清T、SHBG及25(OH)D水平预测PCOS并发GDM的价值
Table 5. The value of serum T,SHBG,and 25(OH)D levels in predicting PCOS with GDM
预测项目 AUC 标准误 P 95% 置信区间 cut-off值 约登指数 敏感度 特异性 下限 上限 T 0.709 0.046 < 0.001 0.619 0.800 2.350 0.411 0.915 0.496 SHBG 0.825 0.04 < 0.001 0.747 0.902 479.365 0.578 0.638 0.940 25(OH)D 0.718 0.045 < 0.001 0.630 0.806 21.650 0.413 0.511 0.902 三项联合 0.929 0.02 < 0.001 0.891 0.967 0.189 0.676 0.894 0.782 -
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