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2025, Volume 46, Issue 6
2025,
46(6):
1-8.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250601
Abstract:
Mitochondria not only serve as the central hub for cellular energy metabolism, but also participate in crucial physiological processes such as signal transduction and activity regulation. Abnormal mitochondrial quantity, imbalance in mtDNA copy number, accumulation of genetic mutations, and aberrant activation of autophagic pathways can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction or even organelle disorders, while activating mechanisms of cellular damage and death, consequently contributing to the pathogenesis of various diseases. As a highly selective form of autophagy, mitophagy plays a pivotal regulatory role in organelle quality control and homeostasis maintenance. This article focuses on the classic PINK1/Parkin pathway-mediated mitophagy as an entry point, summarizing recent research advances regarding the role of mitophagy in neurodegenerative diseases, aiming to provide novel insights for developing targeted mitophagy regulation strategies to improve prevention and treatment approaches for neurodegenerative disorders.
Mitochondria not only serve as the central hub for cellular energy metabolism, but also participate in crucial physiological processes such as signal transduction and activity regulation. Abnormal mitochondrial quantity, imbalance in mtDNA copy number, accumulation of genetic mutations, and aberrant activation of autophagic pathways can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction or even organelle disorders, while activating mechanisms of cellular damage and death, consequently contributing to the pathogenesis of various diseases. As a highly selective form of autophagy, mitophagy plays a pivotal regulatory role in organelle quality control and homeostasis maintenance. This article focuses on the classic PINK1/Parkin pathway-mediated mitophagy as an entry point, summarizing recent research advances regarding the role of mitophagy in neurodegenerative diseases, aiming to provide novel insights for developing targeted mitophagy regulation strategies to improve prevention and treatment approaches for neurodegenerative disorders.
2025,
46(6):
9-19.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250602
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the gene expression characteristics and functional prediction of decidual polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs) in patients with unexplained recurrent abortion (URSA). Methods Decidual tissues were collected from 3 normal early pregnancy patients undergoing artificial abortion and 3 URSA patients at the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province between July and December 2023. Magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) technology was used to separate decidual PMN-MDSCs, and gene expression differences were detected using gene chip technology. Differential genes were analyzed using DESeq2 or edgeR, controlling false positives with P-value and FDR. GO and KEGG analyses were performed to investigate the functional pathways of differential genes, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis and hub gene screening were conducted. Key genes were verified through immunofluorescence staining and quantitative analysis. Results Compared to the normal pregnancy group, a total of 163 genes in the decidual PMN-MDSCs of URSA patients showed significant changes (P < 0.05), with 67 genes upregulated and 96 genes downregulated. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that these differential genes were involved in cellular components, biological processes, molecular functions, protein binding, complement system signaling pathways, leukocyte-mediated inflammatory response pathways, and proteoglycan and extracellular matrix receptor interactions. PPI network analysis and hub gene identification showed that among the top 10 hub genes, the upregulated genes were SPP1, CCL5, C3AR1, and TNF, while the downregulated genes included MXRA8, IGFBP5, SPARCL1, SAA1, DCN, and COL3A1. These hub genes were primarily associated with key biological processes such as immune regulation, inflammatory responses, and intercellular interactions. Immunofluorescence quantification results demonstrated that the expression level of SPP1 in decidual PMN-MDSCs of URSA patients was significantly higher than that in the normal pregnancy group, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Conclusion PMN-MDSCs in URSA patients' decidual tissues exhibit functional abnormalities, characterized by weakened regulatory effects on extracellular matrix remodeling, reduced cell-cell interaction capabilities, decreased immunosuppressive capacity, and enhanced pro-inflammatory responses. This may be one of the important immunological mechanisms underlying pregnancy failure.
2025,
46(6):
20-28.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250603
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the epidemiological trends, temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Lanping County. Methods Based on tuberculosis management data and basic information systems from the "China Disease Prevention and Control Information System, " pulmonary tuberculosis data from Lanping County for 2018-2023 were obtained. Descriptive epidemiology, concentration method, circular distribution method, and spatial autocorrelation analysis were used to conduct epidemiological and spatial analyses of the pulmonary tuberculosis data. Results A total of 2836 TB cases were reported in Lanping County from 2018 to 2023, with an average annual incidence rate of 233.26 per 100000, showing a declining trend. The male-to-female ratio was 1.95∶1, with the highest incidence among individuals aged 60 and above （932 cases, 32.86%）. Cases were predominantly among farmers （91.01%） and the Lisu ethnic group （52.68%）. TB incidence showed weak seasonality with a bimodal distribution, with primary peak occurring from October to March and secondary peak from June to August. Tu’ e Township （324.74 per 100, 000）, Shideng Township （307.42 per 100000 ）, and Jinding Town （260.98 per 100, 000） had the highest incidence rates, accounting for 1, 284 cases or 45.28% of the county's total cases. In 2020, the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Lanping County showed a spatial clustering distribution （global Morans's I value < 0, P value < 0.05）, with Shideng Township consistently showing high-low aggregation characteristics. Conclusion Between 2018-2023, while the tuberculosis incidence rate in Lanping County has declined, it still falls short of Yunnan Province's tuberculosis prevention and control targets, and the prevention and control work continues to face significant challenges. Strengthening screening of high-risk populations and providing medical support to remote areas will be key measures for future prevention and treatment.
2025,
46(6):
29-37.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250604
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the effect of Tan Ⅰ on SA-AKI in rats by mediating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following groups （n = 8 per group, including 2 reserve animals per group）: Sham, SA-AKI, SA-AKI + 5 mg/kg Tan I, SA-AKI + 10 mg/kg Tan I, SA-AKI + 15 mg/kg Tan I （SA-AKI+Tan I）, SA-AKI + salinomycin sodium （SS, Wnt signal inhibitor, SA-AKI + SS）, SA-AKI + SS + Tan I, SA-AKI + laduviglusib （LG, Wnt signal activator, SA-AKI + LG）, and SA-AKI + LG + Tan I. Rat SA-AKI model was induced by cecal ligation and puncture （CLP）, with Tan I, SS, and LG administered via intraperitoneal injection. Hematoxylin-eosin and TUNEL staining were used to observe renal tissue pathological damage. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect serum concentrations of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin （NGAL）, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-6, and TNF-α. Creatinine （Cre） and blood urea nitrogen （BUN） kit were used to detect serum Cre and BUN concentrations. Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the expression and fluorescence intensity of Wnt1, GSK3β, and β-catenin. Results Administration of Tan I at doses of 10 mg/kg and 15 mg/kg significantly attenuated renal injury in rats with SA-AKI （P < 0.05）, suppressed the levels of SA-AKI biomarkers NGAL, Cre, and BUN and pro-inflammatory cytokines （P < 0.05）, reduced apoptosis, and downregulated Wnt1 and GSK3β while upregulating β-catenin expression （P < 0.05）. Although Tan I at 5 mg/kg exhibited a modest protective effect against SA-AKI in rats, no statistically significant difference was observed compared to the sham group （P > 0.05）. SS weakened CLP-induced kidney injury and the production of inflammatory cytokines in rats （P < 0.05）, and LG further aggravated CLP-induced kidney injury in rats （P < 0.05）. Tan Ⅰ reversed the promoting effect of LG on kidney injury in SA-AKI rats （P < 0.05）. Conclusion Tan Ⅰ provides a protective effect on CLP-induced SA-AKI rat by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
2025,
46(6):
38-45.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250605
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the effects of lncRNA/Hedgehog signaling pathway-mediated autophagy on chondrocyte function in osteoarthritis （OA）. Methods Established an LPS-induced inflammatory chondrocyte model in OA chondrocytes （SW1353）, and identified it through collagen II immunofluorescence staining and toluidine blue staining, dividing the groups into Normal, LPS, LPS/lncRNA HHIP-AS1 inhibitor, and LPS/Scr groups. RT-qPCR was used to detect lncRNA HHIP-AS1 and HHIP expression in chondrocytes, Western blot was used to assess HHIP, Gli1, Gli2, LC3B-I/II, and p62 protein expression, TUNEL staining and flow cytometry （FC） were used to detect cell apoptosis, and immunofluorescence assay （IFA） was used to detect autophagy LC3B expression. Results When SW1 cells were treated with LPS, compared with normal chondrocytes, after LPS induction, the volume of chondrocytes increased, the number of vacuoli in the cytoplasm increased, the volume of the nucleus increased, the morphology of some cells was irregular, and the number relatively decreased. Toluidine blue staining and type II collagen immunohistochemical staining decreased. LPS stimulation would induce cell death and autophagy. lncRNA HIP-AS1 and HHIP were upregulated （P < 0.05）, the key molecules of the Hedgehog signaling pathway HHIP, Gli1 and Gli2 were continuously upregulated （P < 0.05）, chondrocytes treated with LPS showed obvious apoptosis （P < 0.05）, and LC3B （green） accumulated. The biosynthesis and processing of LC3B increased （the levels of LC3B I and II increased）, the degradation of p62 increased （P < 0.05）, and the lncRNA HIP-AS1 inhibitor reduced LPS-induced apoptosis of OA chondrocytes （decreased apoptosis rate） and autophagy （decreased autophagy rate of chondrocytes treated with LPS）. The biosynthesis and processing of LC3B decreased （the levels of LC3B I and II decreased）, and the degradation of p62 weakened）, and the difference was statistically significant （P < 0.05）. Conclusion The lncRNA HHIP-AS1 may inhibit LPS-induced OA chondrocyte apoptosis and autophagy by regulating the Hedgehog signaling pathway.
2025,
46(6):
46-53.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250606
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the levels and functions of CD4+ T cell subsets in mouse spleen and lung tissues after Streptococcus pneumoniae （S.P.） infection, and to explore the immune regulatory mechanisms S.P. infection. Methods Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportions of CD4+ T cell subsets （Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cells） in mouse spleen tissues from control group （n = 4） , S.P. infection at 12 h （n = 4）, and 24 h （n = 4）. H&E staining was used to examine lung tissue pathological characteristics. Differential gene sets and functional changes in lung tissues were analyzed after S.P. infection for 2 and 5 days, and immune cell abundance was predicted. Results Significant inflammatory pathological features were observed in the lung tissues of mice after S.P. infection. The proportions of Th1 and Treg cells in the spleen tissues gradually increased after S.P. infection, with Th1 and Treg cell proportions significantly higher than the control group at 24 h post-infection （P < 0.05）. At 5 d post-infection, only Treg cell proportion was significantly higher than the control group （P < 0.05）. Functional analysis revealed abnormal activation of IL6, IL10, and IL4/IL13 signaling pathways 2 days after infection, and abnormal enrichment of IL-2 and IL-6/TGF-β pathways 5 days after infection. Conclusion Treg and Th1 cells are key immune regulatory cells in mice following S.P. infection. Modulating Treg cell function mediated by IL-10 and Th1 cell function mediated by IL-2 can improve immune responses after S.P. infection.
2025,
46(6):
54-63.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250607
Abstract:
Objective To explore the molecular mechanism by which TP53 regulating pyroptosis, invasion and migration of embryonic fibroblasts through MMP1/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Methods NIH-3T3 murine embryonic fibroblasts were transfected with lentivirus and grouped as Control, Vector, oeTP53, oeTP53+shNC, and oeTP53+shMMP1. Cell proliferation and viability were assessed via CCK-8 assay, apoptosis by flow cytometry, and migration/invasion through scratch and invasion experiments. Protein interaction between P53 and MMP1 was confirmed by Co-immunoprecipitation. RT-qPCR evaluated mRNA expression of TP53, Collagen I, Collagen III, and α-SMA, while Western blot analyzed protein levels of these markers and pyroptosis-related proteins. Transmission electron microscopy was employed to examine cellular pyroptotic body modifications. Results Compared with Control and Vector groups, the oeTP53 group showed reduced cell proliferation activity （P < 0.01）, increased cell apoptosis rate （P < 0.0001 ）, decreased invasion （P < 0.0001 ） and migration capabilities （P < 0.0001 ）; reduced Collagen I （P < 0.001）, Collagen III （P < 0.01）, and α-SMA （P < 0.01） protein expressions; increased NLRP3 （P < 0.05） and cleaved-caspase-1 expressions （P < 0.01）; and numerous pyroptotic bodies. MMP1 protein levels were found to be elevated in the oeTP53 group （P < 0.05）, and Co-IP demonstrated an interaction between p53 and MMP1 proteins. Compared with oeTP53 group, the oeTP53+shMMP1 group showed increased cell viability （P < 0.001）, decreased cell apoptosis rate （P < 0.01）, and increased cell migration （P < 0.01） and invasion capabilities （P < 0.01）, increased scar formation-related protein expressions of Collagen I （P < 0.01）, Collagen III （P < 0.001）, and α-SMA （P < 0.05）; decreased pyroptosis-related protein expressions of NLRP3 （P < 0.01） and cleaved-caspase-1 （P < 0.001）; and reduced pyroptotic bodies. Conclusion Overexpression of TP53 can inhibit mouse embryonic fibroblast proliferation, migration, and invasion, reduce scar formation-related protein expressions, and promote cell pyroptosis, with its mechanism potentially related to the MMP1/NLRP3 pathway.
2025,
46(6):
64-70.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250608
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the effect of mTOR signaling pathway on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Methods 30 healthy male C57BL/6 mice aged 6～8 weeks were fed for 1 week and divided into control group （NC group, n = 5）, bleomycin group （BLM group, n = 5）, and rapamycin + bleomycin group （Rapa+BLM group, n = 5）. Mice were euthanized by cervical dislocation at 7 and 28 days, and lung tissues were collected. HE staining was used to observe inflammatory infiltration in lung tissue, and Masson's staining was used to assess the severity of lung fibrosis. Western blot and qPCR were used to detect the expression levels of collagen I, collagen III and α-SMA to evaluate the degree of lung fibrosis. Western blot was used to detect the expression of mTOR, P70S6K and their phosphorylation levels in each group. Results Compared with the NC group, the BLM group showed thickened alveolar septa, obvious inflammatory changes, and collagen deposition.The protein expression of Collagen I, Collagen III, and α-SMA were significantly increased （P < 0.01）, with increased mRNA expression of Collagen I, Collagen III, and α-SMA （P < 0.05）, and elevated p-mTOR and p-p70S6K expression （P < 0.05）. Compared with the BLM group, the Rapa+BLM group showed improved lung tissue structure, reduced inflammation and collagen deposition, a downward trend in Collagen I, Collagen III, and α-SMA protein expression （P > 0.05）, a downward trend in Collagen I mRNA （P > 0.05）, and decreased Collagen III and α-SMA mRNA expression （P < 0.05）. Conclusion Abnormal mTOR activation was observed in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis; inhibiting mTOR signaling pathway activation can effectively alleviate the formation of pulmonary fibrosis.
2025,
46(6):
71-78.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250609
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of complete pelvic floor peritoneal reconstruction in reducing postoperative ileus incidence and accelerating recovery following laparoscopic radical cystectomy with orthotopic neobladder construction. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to select 62 patients who underwent the operation in Qujing Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University from January 2017 to September 2024. According to whether complete pelvic floor peritoneal reconstruction was performed during the operation, they were divided into the conventional group （n = 25） and the reconstruction group （n = 37）. Postoperative ileus rates and recovery parameters were compared to assess the clinical value of complete pelvic floor peritoneal reconstruction. Results The reconstruction group showed better postoperative recovery compared to the routine group: gastrointestinal function recovery time [3（2, 4） d vs 4（3, 5） d, P = 0.032], abdominal drainage time [12（10, 13.5） d vs 14（12, 15） d, P = 0.006], pelvic drainage time [12（9, 13.5） d vs 14（11, 16） d, P = 0.015], postoperative hospital stay [18（15.5, 26） d vs 25（17, 30.5） d, P = 0.016], and hospital expenses [（53, 695.67±10, 182.43） yuan vs （60, 803.73±14, 449.24） yuan, P = 0.027]. Postoperative nutritional markers, including total protein [（64.49 ± 6.82） g/L vs. （61.56 ± 4.03） g/L, P = 0.038] and albumin [（36.08 ± 5.29） g/L vs. （33.40 ± 3.57） g/L, P = 0.020], were higher in the reconstruction group. No significant difference was found in ileus incidence （44.00% vs. 32.43%, P =0.355）. Other parameters—baseline characteristics, postoperative globulin and prealbumin levels, gastric tube retention, stent/catheter removal time, and complications （anastomotic leakage, urinary fistula, wound infection）—showed no intergroup differences （P > 0.05）. Conclusion The application of complete pelvic floor peritoneal reconstruction technique in laparoscopic radical cystectomy with orthotonic neobladder provides better protection for the intestine, reduces surgical area adhesions, promotes gastrointestinal function recovery, shortens abdominal and pelvic drainage times, accelerates patient rehabilitation, reduces hospital stay and expenses. However, whether it can effectively reduce postoperative intestinal obstruction rates still requires more data and experimental verification.
2025,
46(6):
79-88.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250610
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the efficacy of different nucleoside （acid） analogs （NAs） used as monotherapy and in combination with pegylated interferon α-2b （Peg-IFN-α-2b） in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B （CHB）. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 229 CHB patients who visited the Hepatology Department of the Third People's Hospital of Kunming from September 2022 to August 2023. Patients were divided into six groups based on their antiviral regimen: entecavir（ETV） group （A, n = 47）, ETV combined with Peg-IFN-α-2b group （B, n = 19）, Tenofovir Alafenamide （TMF） group （C, n = 64）, TMF combined with Peg-IFN-α-2b group （D, n = 35）, Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate （TDF） group （E, n = 29）, and TDF combined with Peg-IFN-α-2b group （F, n = 35）. The blood routine, liver function, kidney function, HBV serological markers, and HBV-DNA levels were compared before and after 24 weeks of treatment. Results After 24 weeks of treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in efficacy rates and HBV-DNA positivity rates between the monotherapy with NAs and the combination with Peg-IFN-α-2b （P > 0.05）. Comparing before and after treatment, the ETV group had the highest effective rate, while TDF combined with Peg-IFN-α-2b group had the lowest effective rate. TDF group had the highest efficiency, while ETV combined with Peg-IFN-α-2b group had the lowest efficiency. Except for ETV+ Peg-IFN-α-2b and TDF+ Peg-IFN-α-2b groups, the HBV-DNA positivity rates in the other four groups were significantly lower after treatment compared to before（P < 0.05）. There was a significant difference in HBsAg levels among the different treatment regimens of monotherapy with NAs and combination with Peg-IFN-α-2b（P = 0.0483 ）. Additionally, except for the ETV and TDF groups, the serum HBsAg levels in the other four groups were significantly lower after treatment compared to before（P < 0.05）. There were no significant difference in LSM and GFR before and after treatment （P > 0.05）. In the monotherapy groups, ALT and GGT levels were significantly lower after treatment compared to before （P < 0.05）, while in the combination Peg-IFN-α-2b group, WBC, NEUT, and PLT levels were significantly lower after treatment compared to before （P < 0.05）. Conclusion Combination therapy with Peg-IFN-α-2b can reduce HBsAg levels and may be more effective in controlling the virus; however, it may cause adverse reactions such as bone marrow suppression, increasing risks. Physicians and patients need to weigh the benefits against the risks and develop personalized treatment plans based on individual circumstances.
2025,
46(6):
89-95.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250611
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia （BPD） in infants with hyaline membrane disease （HMD） and establish a predictive model. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 551 hospitalized HMD infants at Kunming First People’ s Hospital from January 2018 to December 2022. Patients were randomly divided into a training set （n = 413） and a validation set （138） at a 3∶1 ratio. The training set was further divided into a simple HMD group （n = 339） and an HMD with BPD group （n = 74）. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression prediction models were used to analyze the risk factors associated with HMD complicated by BPD, with subsequent validation in the validation set. Results Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences between the two groups in birth conditions, perinatal conditions, maternal conditions, laboratory indicators, and treatment conditions （P < 0.05）. Multivariate analysis indicated that birth weight and oxygen exposure time were independent risk factors for HMD complicated by BPD （P < 0.05）. The ROC curve assessment showed an area under the curve （AUC） of 0.954, indicating a certain predictive value for the model. In the validation set, the AUC was 0.917, with a sensitivity of 92.00% and a specificity of 89.38%. Conclusion Neonatal birth weight and duration of oxygen therapy were identified as significant risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia （BPD） complicating hyaline membrane disease （HMD）. The risk prediction model for HMD with BPD has good predictive performance.
2025,
46(6):
96-102.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250612
Abstract:
Objective To quantitatively evaluate structural changes in the TMD disc using magnetic resonance T2 mapping technology at open and closed mouth positions, and assess its significance. Methods 127 newly diagnosed patients with TMD and 51 controls in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University from June 2023 to January 2024 were prospectively collected. All subjects underwent routine TMJ sequence and T2 mapping sequence scans. After scanning, the pseudo-color images were processed, and T2 values of the joint disc （anterior and posterior bands） were measured at open and closed mouth positions to analyze their correlation with TMD disc displacement. Results The T2 values of the posterior zone of the joint disc in both open and closed positions were higher than those in the anterior zone of the joint disc in the case group （P < 0.05）; for different anterior displacement degrees of the joint disc, T2 values showed a progressive increase from the normal position group to the mild and moderate anterior displacement groups, while the severely displaced group demonstrated a decreasing trend （P < 0.01）; joint clicking and occlusal abnormalities were independent risk factors for non-reducible anterior joint disc displacement in TMD patients. Conclusion Scans during both mouth-opening and closing positions can be used to assess joint disc injury in TMD; T2 mapping technology can quantitatively and sensitively reflect changes in the biochemical composition of joint disc microstructure.
2025,
46(6):
103-110.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250613
Abstract:
Objective To explore the expression of nuclear transport factor 2 （NUTF2） in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma （HNSCC） and analyze its relationship with prognosis. Methods 269 HNSCC patients from Handan Central Hospital between March 2016 and February 2017 were selected. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect NUTF2 expression levels, comparing tumor tissues with adjacent tissues and NUTF2 expression across different tumor stages. The correlation between NUTF2 expression levels and tumor staging, as well as factors influencing HNSCC patient survival outcomes, were analyzed. Survival situations of HNSCC patients with different NUTF2 expression levels were compared. In vitro experiments were conducted to observe the effects of NUTF2 expression level changes on HNSCC cell proliferation and apoptosis. Results NUTF2 expression levels in HNSCC tumor tissues were higher than in adjacent tissues （P < 0.05）; NUTF2 expression levels were positively correlated with tumor staging （P < 0.05）. NUTF2 expression level （HR = 3.478, 95%CI 1.752～6.906） was a factor influencing HNSCC patient survival outcomes（P < 0.05）; HNSCC patients with high NUTF2 expression had lower survival rates compared to those with low NUTF2 expression （HR = 0.486, 95%CI 0.298～0.793, χ2 = 8.345, P = 0.004）. Knockdown of NUTF2 expression inhibited HNSCC cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis. Conclusion NUTF2 expression levels are abnormally elevated in HNSCC tumor tissues, directly affecting patient survival outcomes, with high NUTF2 expression indicating a poorer prognosis.
2025,
46(6):
111-118.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250614
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the correlation between serum interleukin-37 （IL-37） and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3） with disease severity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome （SIRS）, and evaluate their combined predictive value for prognosis. Methods A total of 150 patients with COPD and SIRS in Zigong First People's Hospital from January 2023 to March 2024 were selected as the study group, and 150 patients with COPD were selected as the control group. The groups were compared for general data and serum IL-37 and NLRP3 levels upon admission. The serum IL-37 and NLRP3 levels of patients with different disease severities in the study group were compared to analyze their correlation with disease severity. 28-day prognosis of both groups was compared, and the serum IL-37 and NLRP3 levels of patients with poor and good prognosis in the study group were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression was used to assess factors influencing poor prognosis in COPD patients with SIRS. The predictive value of serum IL-37 and NLRP3 for poor prognosis was evaluated, and their interactive effects on patient outcomes were analyzed. Results The study group's serum IL-37 and NLRP3 levels were higher upon admission compared to the control group（P < 0.05）; serum IL-37 and NLRP3 levels in extremely severe patients were higher than those in severe, moderate, and mild patients, with severe patients higher than moderate and mild patients, and moderate patients higher than mild patients （P < 0.05）; serum IL-37 and NLRP3 levels at admission were positively correlated with the disease severity of COPD patients with SIRS （P < 0.05）; patients with poor prognosis had higher serum IL-37 and NLRP3 levels upon admission compared to those with good prognosis （P < 0.05）; serum IL-37 and NLRP3 levels at admission were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in COPD patients with SIRS （P < 0.05）; the AUC for predicting poor prognosis using serum IL-37 and NLRP3 alone were 0.805 and 0.834, respectively, while the combined AUC was 0.920, which was higher than the individual AUCs （P < 0.05）; interaction analysis showed that high serum IL-37 and NLRP3 levels exhibited a positive super-multiplicative interaction in the prognosis of COPD patients with SIRS （P < 0.05）. Conclusion Serum IL-37 and NLRP3 levels in COPD patients with SIRS were positively correlated with disease severity, and the combined serum IL-37 and NLRP3 showed high predictive efficacy for patient prognosis.
2025,
46(6):
119-126.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250615
Abstract:
Objective To study the application effects of different inferior vena cava filters （IVCF） placed in the renal vein for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis （DVT）. Methods A total of 102 patients with lower limb DVT who underwent renal vein IVCF at the Second People's Hospital of Baoshan from January 2021 to June 2022 were selected. According to the type of IVCF, patients were divided into a retrievable group （n = 51） and a permanent group （n = 51）. The two groups were compared in terms of filter placement conditions, perioperative limb circumference differences, D-dimer, fibrinogen, venous recanalization scores, venous recanalization rates, as well as complications and recurrence-free survival status 12 months post-operation. Results The surgical success rate was 100%. The differences in limb circumference above the knee （15 cm） and below the knee （10 cm） at 1 day, 3 days, and 7 days post-operation were significantly reduced compared to pre-operative measurements and showed a downward trend （P < 0.05）. D-dimer and fibrinogen levels at 1 day, 3 days, and 7 days post-operation were also significantly reduced compared to pre-operative levels, with a downward tren （P < 0.05）. The venous recanalization scores at 7 days post-operation were significantly lower than pre-operative scores in both groups （P < 0.05）. The incidence of postoperative complications in the retrievable group was lower than that in the permanent group （P < 0.05）. Conclusion The placement of a retrievable IVCF on the renal vein for endovascular treatment of DVT has significant therapeutic effects, can adjust the circumference difference of the lower limb, improve coagulation function, and reduce the incidence of complications and recurrence.
2025,
46(6):
127-132.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250616
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the changes in serum complement activation product （sC5b-9）, serotonin （5-HT）, and peripheral blood C1q mRNA levels in patients with bipolar disorder during manic episodes, and their correlation with cognitive impairment. Methods From January 2022 to December 2023, 75 patients with bipolar disorder during manic episodes and 75 healthy individuals who were treated at Baoji Central Hospital were selected and divided into BD group and healthy group. Serum sC5b-9, 5-HT, peripheral blood C1q mRNA levels, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment （MoCA） scores were detected and compared. Patients in the BD group were further grouped based on MoCA scores: cognitive impairment group （22～25 points） （n = 40） and non-impairment group （≥26 points） （n = 35）. Differences in serum sC5b-9, 5-HT, and peripheral blood C1q mRNA levels were compared, and multiple Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify influencing factors of cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder patients. Results Compared to the healthy group, the BD group showed significantly elevated serum sC5b-9, 5-HT, and peripheral blood C1q mRNA expression levels （P < 0.05）. The BD group's 8 MoCA domain scores and total MoCA score were significantly lower than the healthy group （P < 0.05）. Compared to the non-impairment group, the cognitive impairment group demonstrated significantly higher serum sC5b-9, 5-HT, and peripheral blood C1q mRNA expression levels （P < 0.05）. Serum sC5b-9, 5-HT, and peripheral blood C1q mRNA expression levels were risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with bipolar disorder during manic episodes （P < 0.05）. Conclusion Patients with bipolar disorder during manic episodes show abnormally elevated serum sC5b-9, 5-HT, and peripheral blood C1q mRNA expression levels. Cognitive impairment in these patients is closely related to the expression levels of serum sC5b-9, 5-HT, and peripheral blood C1q mRNA.
2025,
46(6):
133-139.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250617
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the effect of Physio Space balance board motor control training on rehabilitation of ankle joint injuries in a prospective randomized controlled study. Methods A total of 96 patients with ankle joint injuries treated at Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2022 to May 2023 were selected and randomly divided into the study group （n = 48） and the control group （n = 48）. Both groups received conventional physical therapy. The control group underwent standard rehabilitation training, while the study group added Physio Space balance board exercise control training on top of the control group's regimen. The therapeutic effect, ankle stability [Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool （CAIT） score], ankle joint range of motion（dorsoextension, plantar flexion）, pain levels, balance ability of the affected limb [mean displacement on the X-axis （Mcd） and mean displacement on the Y-axis （Msd） scores], and serum inflammatory pain factor levels [Substance P （SP）, Tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）, interleukin-6 （IL-6）, Neuropeptide （NPY）] were compared between the two groups. Results The rate of excellent and good treatment in the study group （93.75% vs. 79.17%） was higher than that in the control group （P < 0.05）. After 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks of treatment, the CAIT score of the study group was higher than that of the control group, and the VAS score was lower than that of the control group （P < 0.05）. After 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, the dorsiflexion and plantarflexion range of motion in the study group were higher than those in the control group （P < 0.05）. The Mcd and Msd scores in the study group were lower than those in the control group after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment （P < 0.05）. After 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, SP and NPY in the study group were lower than those in the control group （P < 0.05）. Conclusion Physio Space balance board motion control training shows significant efficacy in the rehabilitation treatment of ankle joint injuries and is worthy of promotion and application.
2025,
46(6):
140-148.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250618
Abstract:
Objective To compare the efficacy of Tenofovir Alafenamide （TMF） and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate （TDF） in terms of liver function restoration, virus clearance, immune regulation, anti liver fibrosis, lipid metabolism, bone and renal safety, and adverse reactions. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 110 patients with chronic hepatitis B （CHB） admitted to Kunming Third People's Hospital from January 2022 to December 2022. Patients were divided into the TMF treatment group （n = 55） and the TDF treatment group （n = 55） based on their treatment regimen. We compared the levels of transaminase levels, antiviral efficacy, T cell subsets, renal function electrolytes, lipid metabolism, four liver fibrosis-related indicators, and changes in liver stiffness grading before and after treatment in two groups of patients. The incidence of adverse reactions post-treatment was also compared. Results After 48 weeks of treatment, the levels of TBIL, ALT, AST, GGT, and GLOB in both groups of patients were significantly lower than pre-treatment levels （P < 0.05）. The decrease in AST levels in the TMF group was lower than that in the TDF group （P < 0.05）. After 48 weeks of treatment, the HBV-DNA seroconversion rate in the TMF group （90.90%） was higher than that in the TDF group （83.64%）. The serological HBsAg clearance rate in the TMF group （7.3%） was lower than that in the TDF group （9.1%）, while the HBeAg clearance rate in the TMF group （38.2%） was significantly higher than that in the TDF group （18.2%）, with statistical significance （P < 0.05）. After 48 weeks of treatment, levels of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+in both groups were significantly elevated compared to pre-treatment levels（P < 0.05）; notably, the TMF group had higher post-treatment levels of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ than the TDF group. After 48 weeks, the average values of HA, IV-C, and LN among the TMF group for liver fibrosis indicators were significantly lower than those in the TDF group（P < 0.05）. The proportions of F0 and F2 in both groups significantly increased post-treatment, while the proportions of F3 and F4 significantly decreased （P to be supplemented）; furthermore, the proportions of F0 and F2 in the TMF group were significantly higher than those in the TDF group, and the proportions of F3 and F4 in the TMF group were significantly lower than those in the TDF group （P < 0.05）. After 48 weeks, HDL-C levels in the TMF group increased compared to pre-treatment （P < 0.05）. There were no significant differences in TG, TC, HDL-C, or LDL-C levels in the TDF group compared to pre-treatment （P > 0.05）. After 48 weeks of treatment, there was no difference in the levels of BUN、Cr、P+, and Ca+in the TMF group compared to pre-treatment （P > 0.05）; however, BUN and Cr levels in the TDF group were significantly higher than pre-treatment levels, while P+ and Ca+ levels were significantly lower （P < 0.05）. The incidence of elevated uric acid and bone pain was significantly higher in the TMF group compared to the TDF group（P < 0.05）; the incidence of diarrhea and abdominal pain was slightly higher in the TMF group compared to the TDF group（P > 0.05）. Conclusion Compared to TDF, TMF demonstrates a higher rate of liver function recovery, a greater virological response, enhanced anti fibrotic efficacy, and improved drug safety, making it worthy of clinical application in the future.
2025,
46(6):
149-155.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250619
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the application value of different doses of remifentanil combined with sevoflurane under pain threshold index （PTi） monitoring in ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods 152 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia were selected from December 2023 to June 2024 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University. Patients were randomly divided into R1 group （n = 38）, R2 group （n = 38）, R3 group （n = 38）, and R4 group （n = 38） using a random number table. On the basis of sevoflurane at 0.7 minimum alveolar concentration （MAC）, patients in R1～R4 groups were combined with 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 μg/kg·min remifentanil, respectively. The changes in PTi at different time points, pre- and post-operative blood stress indicators [cortisol （Cor）, norepinephrine （NE）, and blood glucose （Glu） concentrations] were compared, and the incidence of intraoperative hypertension, hypotension, tachycardia, bradycardia, and postoperative nausea and vomiting were recorded. Results Compared with R1 group, PTi in R2, R3, and R4 groups decreased from the start of surgery （T3） to 5 min after extubation （T11） （P < 0.05）; compared with R2 group, PTi in R3 and R4 groups was lower at T3～T11 （P < 0.05）; no statistically significant difference was found in PTi changes between R3 and R4 groups at different time points （P > 0.05）. Postoperative Cor, NE, and Glu concentrations showed statistically significant differences among the four groups （P < 0.001）, but no significant difference was found preoperatively （P > 0.05）. Compared with preoperative values, Cor, NE, and Glu levels significantly increased in all groups （P < 0.001）, with R1 group > R2 group > R4 group > R3 group. The incidence of intraoperative hypertension, hypotension, bradycardia, and tachycardia showed statistically significant differences （P < 0.001）, with R4 > R1 > R2 = R3. The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting also showed statistically significant differences （P < 0.001）, with R1 group > R4 group > R2 group > R3 group. Conclusion Sevoflurane at 0.7 MAC combined with 0.3 μg/kg·min remifentanil provides good analgesic effects for patients undergoing ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy, reduces stress response, and has high safety, making it worthy of clinical promotion.
2025,
46(6):
156-162.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250620
Abstract:
Pulmonary fibrosis （PF） is a chronic progressive lung disease caused by a variety of etiologies and is also a common outcome of various chronic inflammatory lung diseases. The incidence of pulmonary fibrosis is increasing year by year, with a high mortality rate that seriously threatens the life and health of patients. Although two drugs, pirfenidone and nintedanib, are already on the market for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, they can only slow down the progression of the disease but cannot reverse or stop the process of pulmonary fibrosis, and long-term use can produce a variety of adverse reactions. Therefore, it is highly necessary to develop new drugs for pulmonary fibrosis that are more targeted, effective, and well-tolerated by patients. The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase （PI3K） signaling pathway plays an important role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Targeted inhibition of the PI3K signaling pathway may be an important direction for the development of new drugs for pulmonary fibrosis. At present, some PI3K signaling pathway inhibitors have shown good effects in preventing and treating pulmonary fibrosis, but most of them are still in the research stage. This article reviews the role of the PI3K signaling pathway in PF, further summarizes promising PI3K pathway inhibitors with PF therapeutic effects, including inhibitors in clinical trials and preclinical studies, and discusses their mechanisms of action and development prospects.
Pulmonary fibrosis （PF） is a chronic progressive lung disease caused by a variety of etiologies and is also a common outcome of various chronic inflammatory lung diseases. The incidence of pulmonary fibrosis is increasing year by year, with a high mortality rate that seriously threatens the life and health of patients. Although two drugs, pirfenidone and nintedanib, are already on the market for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, they can only slow down the progression of the disease but cannot reverse or stop the process of pulmonary fibrosis, and long-term use can produce a variety of adverse reactions. Therefore, it is highly necessary to develop new drugs for pulmonary fibrosis that are more targeted, effective, and well-tolerated by patients. The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase （PI3K） signaling pathway plays an important role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Targeted inhibition of the PI3K signaling pathway may be an important direction for the development of new drugs for pulmonary fibrosis. At present, some PI3K signaling pathway inhibitors have shown good effects in preventing and treating pulmonary fibrosis, but most of them are still in the research stage. This article reviews the role of the PI3K signaling pathway in PF, further summarizes promising PI3K pathway inhibitors with PF therapeutic effects, including inhibitors in clinical trials and preclinical studies, and discusses their mechanisms of action and development prospects.
2025,
46(6):
163-170.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250621
Abstract:
Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae （CRKP） , as a superbug pathogen, has become a critical global public health threat, with significantly increased detection rates especially in ICU and immunocompromised patients. Traditional antibiotics are progressively losing efficacy, and CRKP's antibiotic resistance spectrum continues to expand, presenting enormous clinical treatment challenges. Bacteriophages, as viruses specifically infecting bacteria, have emerged as a new therapeutic strategy for alternative or complementary antibiotic treatment due to their strong lytic capabilities, excellent biofilm penetration, low side effects, and ability to synergize with antibiotics. This article systematically reviews the epidemiology and resistance mechanisms of CRKP, principles and mechanisms of bacteriophage therapy, research progress （including in vitro experiments, animal models, and clinical applications）, combined therapies, and their advantages and challenges. By incorporating the latest research, the article also proposes future development directions, including constructing genetically engineered bacteriophages, designing "intelligent bacteriophages" through synthetic biology, and establishing clinical regulatory systems. Bacteriophage therapy offers a potential breakthrough in combating CRKP, but its standardization, broad-spectrum applicability, and clinical translation pathways still require in-depth exploration and standardization.
Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae （CRKP） , as a superbug pathogen, has become a critical global public health threat, with significantly increased detection rates especially in ICU and immunocompromised patients. Traditional antibiotics are progressively losing efficacy, and CRKP's antibiotic resistance spectrum continues to expand, presenting enormous clinical treatment challenges. Bacteriophages, as viruses specifically infecting bacteria, have emerged as a new therapeutic strategy for alternative or complementary antibiotic treatment due to their strong lytic capabilities, excellent biofilm penetration, low side effects, and ability to synergize with antibiotics. This article systematically reviews the epidemiology and resistance mechanisms of CRKP, principles and mechanisms of bacteriophage therapy, research progress （including in vitro experiments, animal models, and clinical applications）, combined therapies, and their advantages and challenges. By incorporating the latest research, the article also proposes future development directions, including constructing genetically engineered bacteriophages, designing "intelligent bacteriophages" through synthetic biology, and establishing clinical regulatory systems. Bacteriophage therapy offers a potential breakthrough in combating CRKP, but its standardization, broad-spectrum applicability, and clinical translation pathways still require in-depth exploration and standardization.
2025,
46(6):
171-176.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250622
Abstract:
Objective To understand the incidence of nutritional risk in IBD patients in Kunming City, and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods A total of 707 IBD patients who were hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from September 2016 to May 2024 were retrospectively enrolled. Patient general information, disease-related data, and laboratory examination results were collected. Nutritional risk screening was performed using the NRS2002 scale, with subjects divided into nutritional risk and no-nutritional risk groups. Among Crohn's disease （CD） patients, 110 were in the nutritional risk group and 85 in the no nutritional risk group. For ulcerative colitis （UC） patients, 146 were in the nutritional risk group and 366 in the no nutritional risk group. Statistical analysis was conducted on the collected data. Results The incidence of nutritional risk in IBD patients was 36.21%, with 56.41% for CD and 28.52% for UC. Statistical analysis showed that for CD patients, sleep, BMI, disease diagnosis age, and disease activity were influencing factors of nutritional risk （P < 0.05）. For UC patients, influencing factors were BMI, disease activity, albumin （ALB）, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate （ESR） （P < 0.05）. Conclusion IBD patients have a high nutritional risk, with CD patients being more severely affected. The influencing factors of nutritional risk are complex. Medical personnel should conduct early nutritional risk screening for IBD patients to avoid adverse outcomes due to nutritional issues.
