Email
RSSCurrent Issue
2025, Volume 46, Issue 9
2025,
46(9):
1-14.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250901
Abstract:
The liver, as the core metabolic organ of the human body, undertakes multiple critical physiological functions such as protein synthesis, xenobiotic metabolism, and immune regulation. Liver failure represents a major disease process in patients with end-stage liver disease, characterized clinically by coagulopathy, abnormal bilirubin metabolism, and multiple organ dysfunction. Depending on the disease course, liver failure can be classified into four types: acute, subacute, acute-on-chronic, and chronic. The pathogenic mechanisms are complex, involving interactions among various factors such as pathogen infections, dysregulation of the immune microenvironment, and gut microbiota disturbances, which pose significant challenges for clinical diagnosis and treatment. This review summarizes the abnormalities in innate and adaptive immune responses, as well as the molecular mechanisms of immune metabolic dysregulation during the occurrence and progression of liver failure. It further explores the pivotal role of immune cell dysfunction in the disease process, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for targeted immune therapies in liver failure.
The liver, as the core metabolic organ of the human body, undertakes multiple critical physiological functions such as protein synthesis, xenobiotic metabolism, and immune regulation. Liver failure represents a major disease process in patients with end-stage liver disease, characterized clinically by coagulopathy, abnormal bilirubin metabolism, and multiple organ dysfunction. Depending on the disease course, liver failure can be classified into four types: acute, subacute, acute-on-chronic, and chronic. The pathogenic mechanisms are complex, involving interactions among various factors such as pathogen infections, dysregulation of the immune microenvironment, and gut microbiota disturbances, which pose significant challenges for clinical diagnosis and treatment. This review summarizes the abnormalities in innate and adaptive immune responses, as well as the molecular mechanisms of immune metabolic dysregulation during the occurrence and progression of liver failure. It further explores the pivotal role of immune cell dysfunction in the disease process, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for targeted immune therapies in liver failure.
2025,
46(9):
15-22.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250902
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the role and potential mechanism of apolipoprotein E （APOE）in drug resistance of colon cancer by bioinformatic tools and cellular experiments. Methods After downloading the microarray dataset GSE196900 from the GEO database, the online tool GEO2R was used to identify genes that were expressed differently in the drug-resistant and control groups. The differently expressed genes were then examined for Gene Ontology （GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathway enrichment. The STRING database and Cytoscape software were used to build protein-protein interaction （PPI） networks and find hub genes. Hub genes' predictive significance in colon cancer was further assessed. Western blod and qRT-PCR were used to identify changes in APOE expression, whereas Transwell was used to identify changes in the colon cancer cells' capacity for invasion and migration. Results The analysis of GO and KEGG enrichment revealed that the differential genes derived from the GSE196900 dataset were primarily focused on receptor-ligand activity and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathways. Using the CytoNCA plug-in in Cytoscape software, ten hub genes were obtained through PPI construction. Of these, the prognosis of the patients with colon cancer was negatively correlated with the expression of the APOE gene （P < 0.05） and the overexpression of the APOE gene might significantly increase the migration and nvasivenessability of colon cancer cells （P < 0.05）. Conclusion The increased expression of APOE significantly promotes the migration and invasion ability of colon cancer cells, which may be one of the mechanisms by which APOE gene promotes tumor progression in the patients with colon cancer.
2025,
46(9):
23-36.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250903
Abstract:
Objective To explore the mechanism of S100A9 derived from non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） in regulating invasion, metastasis and activating the brain microvascular endothelium of the metastatic niche. Methods R language was used to extract RNAseq data from the TCGA database and a paired-sample T-test was employed to analyze the expression of S100A9 in NSCLC tissues and normal lung tissues. Visualization was conducted using the ggplot2 package; the proportional hazards assumption test and survival regression were performed using the survival package to compare the prognosis between the high/low expression groups of S100A9, and visualization was carried out using the survminer package and ggplot2 package. RT-qPCR and Western Blot were used to detect the expression differences of S100A9 in NSCLC cell lines （A549, NCI-H1299） and normal lung epithelial cells （BEAS-2B）. An in vitro co-culture of A549 cells and human brain microvascular endothelial cells （hCMEC/D3） was established to construct a blood-tumor barrier （BTB） model. Additionally, siS100A9 knockdown A549 cell strains were constructed. Scratch healing and Transwell assays were performed to assess the changes in the migration and invasion abilities of A549 cells in different treatment groups. CCK-8 and flow cytometry were used to examine the proliferative activity and cell cycle effects of HCMEC/D3 cells treated with varying concentrations of S100A9. RT-qPCR and Western Blot were employed to investigate the expression changes of receptors for advanced glycation endproducts （RAGE）, Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）, and tumor transendothelial migration-related adhesion molecules （ICAM-1, VCAM-1, ALCAM） in hCMEC/D3 cells treated with different concentrations of S100A9. Furthermore, CCK-8, RT-qPCR, and Western Blot were utilized to assess the recovery of proliferative activity and adhesion molecule expression in hCMEC/D3 cells stimulated with different concentrations of S100A9 after pretreatment with FPS-ZM1 and TAK242 to block RAGE and TLR4 pathways, respectively. Results The RNAseq data mining and analysis from the TCGA database revealed that the expression of S100A9 in lung cancer tissue samples was significantly higher than that in normal lung tissue samples （P = 0.03）. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve graph showed that the survival probability of the S100A9 high-expression group was lower than that of the S100A9 low-expression group, suggesting that the high expression of S100A9 was significantly associated with a poorer overall survival period for patients （HR = 1.46 （1.10 - 1.95）, P = 0.01）. In the cell experiments, S100A9 was highly expressed in NSCLC （P < 0.05）. Knockdown of S100A9 inhibited the migration and invasion of A549 cells （P < 0.05）. The average migration inhibition rate of the knockdown group at 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours was 80.61%, 75.70%, 73.78%, 69.54%, and 56.96% respectively, and the average invasion inhibition rate was 57.38% （at 48 hours）. Meanwhile, the proliferative activity and cell cycle of hCMEC/D3 cells in the BTB model were regulated positively （P < 0.05）. Mechanistically, S100A9 promoted the crosstalk between A549 and hCMEC/D3 cells through RAGE and TLR4, upregulating the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and ALCAM in hCMEC/D3 cells （P < 0.05）. Recovery experiments confirmed that the S100A9-RAGE/TLR4 regulatory axis could affect the endothelial adhesion process during lung cancer brain metastasis （P < 0.05）. Conclusion The S100A9-RAGE/TLR4 axis is associated with the progression of lung cancer brain metastasis. Knockdown of S100A9 can inhibit the invasion and metastasis of lung cancer cells. Blocking downstream RAGE and TLR4 receptors can attenuate the proliferative growth of brain microvascular endothelium and inhibit the formation of a pre-metastatic adhesive microenvironment between lung cancer cells and brain microvascular endothelium.
2025,
46(9):
37-44.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250904
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the expression of Tropomyosin 4（TPM4）in thyroid cancer and its effects on the invasion and migration of thyroid cancer cells. Methods The expression level and prognostic value of TPM4 in thyroid cancer were analyzed based on bioinformatics, and its functional involvement was explored through Gene Set Enrichment Analysis （GSEA）. In thyroid cancer K1 cells, lentiviral transfection was performed to establish the experimental group （TPM4 shRNA）, the negative control group （empty lentiviral transfection）, and the control group （untreated）. Cell viability and proliferation were assessed using CCK-8 and BrdU assays. Transwell migration and invasion assays were performed to evaluate the effects of TPM4 on the migratory and invasive capacities of thyroid cancer cells. Results TPM4 expression was significantly upregulated in thyroid cancer （P < 0.05） and correlated with TNM staging （P < 0.05）. Patients with higher TPM4 expression in advanced TNM stages exhibited poorer prognosis （P < 0.05）. GSEA results indicated that high TPM4 expression was enriched in gene sets associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition, inflammatory response, P53 signaling pathway, and cell cycle. Following TPM4 knockdown in K1 cells, thyroid cancer cell growth was slowed （P < 0.01）, proliferative activity was decreased （P < 0.001）, and invasion and migration abilities were significantly impaired （P < 0.001）. Conclusion TPM4 is highly expressed in thyroid cancer and promotes the invasion and migration capabilities of thyroid cancer cells.
2025,
46(9):
45-53.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250905
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the efficacy of plantamajoside （PMS） on diabetic peripheral neuropathy （DPN） and to explore its mechanism of action from mitochondrial autophagy. Methods Mice （C57BL/6J） were randomly divided into 6 groups（n = 10）: normal group （Control）, model group （Model）, positive drug group (LA), and low （L-PMS）, medium （M-PMS）, and high （H-PMS） dosage groups. High-sugar and high-fat diet with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin was used to duplicate the DPN model. After successful model duplication, the intervention was administered by gavage for 4 weeks. Sciatic nerve was taken, and pathological changes were observed by HE and Nissl staining; oxidative stress indexes SOD, MDA, GSH-Px and inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-αin sciatic nerve tissues were detected by kits, and the expression of VDAC1 , TOM20, COX IV, PINK1, Parkin, and autophagy proteins of Beclin1, LC3, P62 in mouse sciatic nerves was detected by Western blotting . Results PMS dose-dependently improved the behavioral indexes of DPN mice, reduced the pathological damage of sciatic nerve, and resulted in tightly arranged sciatic nerve fibers, clearly visible myelin structure, uniform coloration, and increased number of Schwann cells as well as Nissl bodies. Compared with the model group, both the M-PMS group and the H-PMS group increased the expression levels of SOD and GSH-Px （P < 0.05）, while decreased the expression of MDA （P < 0.05）; the M-PMS group and the H- PMS groups reduced the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α （P < 0.05）; the L-PMS group, M-PMS group, and H-PMS group reduced the expression levels of VDAC1, TOM20, and COX IV proteins （P < 0.05）; the L-PMS group, M-PMS group, and H-PMS group could differentially increase the expression of PINK1, Beclin1, Parkin, and LC3 proteins （P < 0.05）, and decrease the expression of P62 proteins （P < 0.05）. Conclusion PMS can play a role in ameliorating neurological injury in DPN mice by promoting PINK1/Parkin pathway-mediated mitochondrial autophagy and alleviating oxidative stress-related inflammatory injury.
2025,
46(9):
54-62.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250906
Abstract:
Objective To explore the effect of autophagy and apoptosis on heart failure （HF） induced by pressure overload. Methods In the animal experiment, twenty C57/BL6J mice （aged 8-12 weeks） underwent transverse aortic constriction （TAC） to duplicate the model of pressure overload-induced HF. The mice were randomly divided into sham group （only threading was performed without ligation） and surgery group （TAC group）. Four weeks after post-operation, echocardiography was used to assess cardiac function. Ratios of heart weight/body weight （HW/BW） and heart weight/tibia length （HW/TL） were calculated. Histopathological changes were assessed with Masson and WGA staining. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to quantify the mRNA levels of hypertrophy-related genes: ANP, BNP, and β-MHC. Western blot analysis was used to determine the expression of autophagy proteins （Beclin1, P62, LC3-II/I） and apoptosis proteins （BCL2, BAX, c-caspase-3）. In the cell experiment, H9C2 cells were induced with angiotensin II （Ang II） to serve as an in vitro HF model. The H9C2 cells were divided into control （PBS group）, Ang II group, PBS with chloroquine （PBS+CQ group）, and Ang II with chloroquine （Ang II+CQ group）. After modeling, western blotting was used to assay apoptosis protein expression （Beclin1, P62, LC3-II/I, BAX, BCL2, c-caspase-3）. Autophagy double-labeled lentivirus mRFP-eGFP-LC3 was used to detect autophagic flux. Results Compared with the control group, the TAC group enlarged mouse heart, significantly increased HW/BW and HW/TL values, and decreased ejection fraction （EF） and shortened fraction （FS）（P < 0.001）. Fibrosis and collagen deposition were aggravated, the cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes increased（P < 0.001）, and the mRNA expression levels of myocardial hypertrophy markers ANP, BNP and β-MHC （P < 0.001）were significantly increased, suggesting the successful construction of an understress-induced heart failure model in vivo. Compared to the control group, there was an upregulation of autophagy-related proteins Beclin1, P62, LC3-II/I（P < 0.01） and apoptosis proteins BAX, c-caspase-3（P < 0.01）, while the expression of BCL-2（P < 0.001）protein was reduced. In the cell experiments, in the in vitro heart failure model group, the autophagosomes were significantly increased, but there was no significant change in autophagic lysosomes, and autophagic flux was impaired. After blocking the autophagy process with chloroquine （CQ）, the Ang II+CQ group showed further increased expression of the autophagic proteins Beclin 1, LC3-II/I, P62（P < 0.05）, and apoptosis proteins BAX and cleaved caspase-3（P < 0.01） compared to the Ang II group, and a further decrease in protein levels of BCL-2（P < 0.001）. Additionally, CQ led to a significant increase in the number of autophagosomes, but there was no significant change in autophagic lysosomes, and autophagic flux was impaired. Conclusion Both autophagy and apoptosis are activated in pressure overload-induced heart failure, and impaired autophagic flux exacerbates apoptosis in this model.
2025,
46(9):
63-71.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250907
Abstract:
Objective To comprehensively analyze the mechanism of Astragalus and Magnolia officinalis in treating prostate cancer based on the principles of network pharmacology. Methods Active molecular targets of Astragalus and Magnolia officinalis were predicted using the TCMSP and SwissTargetPrediction databases. Prostate cancer-related targets were screened via Genecards, DisGeNET, and OMIM databases. A "disease-active ingredient-target" network was constructed using Venny software, identifying 69 candidate key target genes. A protein-protein interaction （PPI） network was built using the STRING database, followed by GO and KEGG enrichment pathway analyses performed with R language. Constructing a subcutaneous tumor model in nude mice through in vivo experiments and intervening with active ingredients from Astragalus membranaceus and Magnolia officinalis. Results Molecular docking analysis revealed that active components such as astragaloside IV （MOL000438） and honokiol （MOL000398） exhibited significant binding activity with the key target proteins of prostate cancer, including AKT1, ESR1, PPARG, PTGS2, and SRC. Notably, Honokiol demonstrated a binding energy of -8.7 kcal/mol with estrogen receptor α （ESR1, PDB:1a52）, forming stable hydrogen bond interaction with the LEU-391 residue. The in vivo experiments further confirmed that the Astragalus-Magnolia active component group showed smaller subcutaneous xenograft tumor volumes in nude mice as compared to the model group （P < 0.05）. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed significant downregulation of PPARG and PTGS2 protein expression in tumor tissues （P < 0.05）. QPCR results indicated that the formula bidirectionally regulated gene expression: pro-apoptotic factor AKT1 was upregulated （P < 0.05）, while cancer-associated genes PTGS2, PPARG, SRC, and ESR1 were downregulated （P < 0.05）. Conclusion The combination of Astragalus and Magnolia may exert anti-prostate cancer effects through multi-target and multi-pathway synergistic mechanisms, demonstrating favorable binding activity and therapeutic potential.
2025,
46(9):
72-80.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250908
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of emodin （EMO） on dextran sulfate （DSS）-induced ulcerative colitis （UC） in mice. Methods DSS induced UC mouse model, detection of body weight, colon length and histopathological changes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to measure tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）, interleukin-1β （IL-1β）, interleukin-6 （IL-6）, interleukin-10 （IL-10）, and myeloperoxidase （MPO） levels. Western blot analysis examined the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）/myeloid differentiation factor 88 （MyD88）/nuclear factor κB （NF-κB） signaling pathway-related proteins. Flow cytometry assessed the ratio of helper T cells 17 （Th17） to regulatory T cells （Treg）. Additionally, 16S rDNA sequencing was employed to evaluate gut microbiota composition. Results Compared with the normal group, DSS-treated mice exhibited significant weight loss, shortened colon length, and marked histological damage （P < 0.001）. EMO intervention, particularly at high doses, demonstrated dose-dependent improvements in body weight and colon injury （P < 0.05）. ELISA analysis showed EMO reduced TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels while increasing IL-10 （P < 0.05）. Western blot results indicated EMO inhibited abnormal activation of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and restored IκB. Conclusion EMO effectively mitigates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis （UC） inflammation and intestinal damage by regulating the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway, restoring Th17/Treg balance, and maintaining microbial homeostasis, providing theoretical support for its potential as a UC therapeutic agent.
2025,
46(9):
81-88.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250909
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the correlation between inflammatory factors and bone mineral density （BMD） as well as β-C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen （β-CTX） in postmenopausal patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM）, and to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the inflammatory factors in postmenopausal T2DM patients with osteoporosis （OP）. Methods A total of 538 postmenopausal women with T2DM, hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology at the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from October 1, 2023 to August 31, 2024, were screened, and 181 were ultimately included in the study. Based on bone mineral density, they were divided into the osteopenia group （86 patients, -2.5<T<-1.0） and the osteoporosis group （95 patients, T≤-2.5）. Demographic data, inflammation-related indicators, bone metabolism markers, and other clinical parameters were collected and recorded. Results （1） The differences were statistically significant in age, duration of T2DM, body mass index （BMI）, C-reactive protein （CRP）, interleukin-6 （IL-6）, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio （NLR）, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio （MLR）, systemic immune-inflammation index （SII）, β-CTX, parathyroid hormone （PTH）, and BMD at various sites between the two groups （P < 0.05）; （2） Spearman correlation analysis results indicated that CRP, IL-6, NLR, MLR, and SII were negatively correlated with bone mineral density （P < 0.05）, and in the osteoporosis group, CRP and IL-6 were positively correlated with β-CTX （P < 0.05）; （3） Multifactorial binary logistic regression analysis showed that CRP, IL-6, SII, age, and β-CTX were independent risk factors for the occurrence of OP in both groups （OR > 1, B > 0）, while BMI was an independent protective factor for the occurrence of OP （OR < 1, B < 0）; （4） ROC curve analysis showed that CRP, IL-6, NLR, MLR, and SII all demonstrated diagnostic efficacy for postmenopausal T2DM patients with osteoporosis, among which the combined detection model of CRP, IL-6, and SII exhibited the highest diagnostic efficacy. Conclusion Inflammatory markers are correlated with bone mineral density and β-CTX levels, and may have predictive value for diagnosing osteoporosis in postmenopausal T2DM patients.
2025,
46(9):
89-97.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250910
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） of the EGF gene, including rs11569017 （A>T）, rs2237051 （A>G）, rs3733625 （C>T）, and rs4444903 （A>G）, and the risk of non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） in a Han population of Yunnan. Methods A total of 439 patients with NSCLC and 520 healthy controls were recruited in Yunnan Province between January 2022 and December 2023. Genotyping of four SNP loci in the EGF gene was performed using TaqMan probes, followed by analysis of allele, genotype, genetic model, and haplotype distribution frequencies between NSCLC and control groups. Stratified analyses were further conducted based on NSCLC pathological types and clinical stages. Results The rs2237051 locus showed significant differences in allele （P = 0.011） and genotype （P = 0.042） frequencies between the squamous cell carcinoma （SCC） group and the control group. The frequency of the A allele was lower in the SCC group than in the control group （OR = 0.71, 95%CI 0.54～1.85）, but there was no difference after Bonferroni correction （P > 0.0125 ）. Under the log-additive model, the rs2237051-2G/G + A/G genotype was associated with an increased risk of SCC （P = 0.01; OR = 1.42, 95%CI 1.08～1.86）. However, the association lost statistical significance after Bonferroni correction （P > 0.0125 ）. The haplotype rs11569017-rs2237051-rs3733625-rs4444903 has no difference between the two groups （P > 0.0125 ）. The stratified analysis revealed no significant associations between the genetic loci and different disease stages （P > 0.0125 ）. Conclusion In the Yunnan Han population, the individuals carrying the rs2237051-A allele of the EGF gene have a significantly lower risk of squamous lung cancer, but further functional experiments are needed to verify the protective mechanism.
2025,
46(9):
98-106.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250911
Abstract:
Objective To develop an active monitoring model for adverse drug events （ADEs） related to antimicrobial use in children based on the China hospital pharmacovigilance system （CHPS）. Methods Trigger items for the active monitoring model were initially drafted through a review of relevant literature, adverse reaction databases, and drug label warnings, and subsequently refined using the Delphi method. A retrospective analysis was performed on pediatric inpatients who received antibiotics at Anning First People’ s Hospital between January 1 and December 31, 2024. The detection rate and positive predictive value （PPV） of the active monitoring model were calculated and compared with spontaneous ADE reports from the same period. Risk factors for ADEs were further analyzed using logistic regression. Results 25 trigger items were established for the active monitoring model. Among 1, 784 cases, 233 ADEs were identified, yielding a detection rate of 13.06% （233/1, 784）. The spontaneous reporting rate of adverse events during the same period was 1.85% （33/1, 784）. The difference between the two was statistically significant （P < 0.001）. There were 727 positive trigger events, with 299 cases of ADE detected, resulting in an overall PPV of 41.13% （299/727）. Logistic regression revealed that antibiotic use exceeding 3 days （OR = 1.454, 95%CI: 1.012-2.088） was significantly associated with ADE occurrence. Conclusion Compared with conventional spontaneous reporting, the active monitoring model can significantly improve the detection rate of ADEs of pediatric antimicrobial drugs and achieve active and real-time monitoring of drug adverse events.
2025,
46(9):
107-113.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250912
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the situation of HIV infection and epidemiological characteristics among voluntary blood donors and pre-transfusion patients in Yuxi prefecture between 2010 and 2021. Methods Date collected with the HIV/AIDS Case Reporting Cards and original record of blood station, HIV antibody positive rate, the demographic characteristics, and epidemiological data of blood donors and pre-transfusion patients, were analyzed accordingly, the related date were statistically analyzed. Results The HIV antibody positive ratio were 5.56‱ and 2.01‱ among pre-transfusion patients and voluntary blood donors （P < 0.001）, showing an downward trend year after year. The HIV-positive detection rate among blood donors aged <25 years was significantly higher at 3.72‰ compared to 1.60‰ for those aged ≥25 years （P = 0.003）. Among HIV-positive blood recipients, the proportion of individuals aged 15-24 years （34.62%） was markedly higher than that among blood donors （1.96%）, whereas no donors were aged ≥50 years compared to 23.53% of recipients （P < 0.001）. Farmers showed a significantly higher HIV detection rate （3.18‰） than students （2.66‰） and other occupations （1.60‰） （P = 0.041）. Similarly, individuals with high school education or below showed a higher detection rate （2.52‰） than those with high school education or above （1.45‰） （P = 0.045）. Among HIV-positive cases, blood donors had a higher proportion of HIV-infected individuals （84.62%） versus AIDS cases （15.38%）, whereas the recipients showed the opposite trend: 41.18% HIV-infected versus 58.82% AIDS cases （P < 0.001）. Conclusion In recent years, the HIV positive detection rate in Yuxi area has shown a downward trend, but the occurrence of HIV in Yuxi area is characterized by youthfulness and low education. Among them, HIV infected individuals through same-sex contact account for an important reason for HIV infection.
2025,
46(9):
114-120.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250913
Abstract:
Objective To explore the expression and prognostic value of microRNA-145-5p （miR-145-5p） and fascin actin-bundling protein-1 （FSCN1） in gastric cancer tissues. Methods The study participants were selected from 103 gastric cancer patients treated at The First Hospital of Handan from August 2019 to August 2021. The expression levels of miR-145-5p and FSCN1 mRNA in the cancer tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues of gastric cancer patients were measured. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between the expression of miR-145-5p and FSCN1 mRNA. The area under curve （AUC） was used to evaluate the prognostic value of miR-145-5p and FSCN1 mRNA for gastric cancer patients. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze factors influencing adverse prognosis, and Kaplan-Meier method was employed for survival analysis. Results The expression level of miR-145-5p was lower in cancer tissues compared to adjacent tissues （P < 0.05）, while the expression level of FSCN1 mRNA was higher in cancer tissues compared to adjacent tissues （P < 0.05）. The expression level of miR-145-5p was lower in cancer tissues of the patients with moderate-to-poor differentiation, tumor stage III+IV, invasion depth T3-T4, lymph node metastasis, or maximum tumor diameter ≥5 cm, compared to those with high differentiation, tumor stage I+II, invasion depth T1-T2, no lymph node metastasis, or maximum tumor diameter <5 cm, whereas the expression level of FSCN1 mRNA was higher （P < 0.05）. Pearson analysis revealed a negative correlation between miR-145-5p and FSCN1 mRNA expression in cancer tissues （r = -0.617, P = 0.000）. COX multivariate regression analysis indicated that moderate-to-poor differentiation, tumor stage III+IV, maximum tumor diameter≥5 cm, invasion depth T3-T4, low miR-145-5p expression, high FSCN1 mRNA expression, and lymph node metastasis were risk factors for poor prognosis in gastric cancer （P < 0.05）. Kaplan-Meier survival curves demonstrated a statistically significant difference in the 3-year overall survival rate between the low and high miR-145-5p expression groups （P < 0.05）. Similarly, a statistically significant difference was observed between the low and high FSCN1 mRNA expression groups （P < 0.05）. ROC curve analysis showed that the combined detection of miR-145-5p and FSCN1 mRNA yielded an AUC of 0.947 and a sensitivity of 92.3%, both of which were significantly higher than those of individual indicators （P < 0.05）. Conclusion MiR-145-5p and FSCN1 are closely related to the clinical pathological characteristics of gastric cancer patients and are effective prognostic indicators for survival.
2025,
46(9):
121-128.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250914
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the differences in oral hygiene and oral microbiota between the patients with schizophrenia and healthy individuals in Baoshan City. Methods 26 patients with schizophrenia from Baoshan Third People's Hospital were selected as the SCZ group and 26 healthy individuals matched by age and BMI as the HC （Healthy control） group. Demographic data, physical indicators, and oral conditions were collected. Saliva samples from 52 subjects were collected and 16S rDNA gene sequencing was used to compare the differences in oral hygiene and oral microbiota between the patients with schizophrenia and the healthy individuals. Results The difference in oral microbial community richness between the SCZ group and the HC group was statistically significant （P < 0.05）, with the SCZ group containing higher species than the HC group; at the genus level, except for Fusobacterium in the SCZ group and Actinomyces in the HC group, the top 5 dominant bacterial species in both groups were consistent; the results of species difference analysis showed that Fusobacterium and Campylobacter in the SCZ group were higher than those in the HC group （P < 0.05）. Conclusion The partial dominant bacterial species in the oral cavity of the patients with schizophrenia have changed to sulfate-reducing bacteria that produce hydrogen sulfide. Excessive production of hydrogen sulfide or polysulfide may damage the energy metabolism of mitochondria.
2025,
46(9):
129-136.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250915
Abstract:
Objective To explore the relationship between systemic immune inflammatory index and ferritin （SF） and the clinicopathologic features and prognosis of gastric cancer （GC）. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 152 gastric cancer patients who underwent D2 gastrectomy at the Radiation Oncology Department of Qingbaijiang District People's Hospital in Chengdu from January 2017 to December 2020. Neutrophil count was divided by lymphocyte count to calculate Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio （NLR）. The SF level in plasma was evaluated by ELISA kit. According to the results of multivariate analysis, a new prognosis prediction system including NLR-SF score （NSS） was established. Results Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that NLR （HR = 1.053, 95%CI = 1.014～1.094, P = 0.007）, tumor grade （HR = 1.944, 95%CI = 1.279～2.955, P = 0.002） and SF （HR = 1.005, 95%CI = 1.002～1.008, P = 0.002） were independent factors affecting the prognosis of GC patients. ROC analysis showed that when the cutoff value of SF was 215.5, the AUC of predicting the death of GC patients was 0.800 （95%CI = 0.731～0.869）, the sensitivity was 68.5%, and the specificity was 86.7%. When the cutoff value of NLR was 3.36, the AUC of predicting the death of GC patients was 0.869 （95%CI = 0.810～0.928）, the sensitivity was 81.5%, and the specificity was 91.7%. Higher NSS was significantly correlated with the number of lymph node metastasis > 3 cases, the number of deaths, the increase of neutrophil, platelet, SF, NLR and PLR levels （P < 0.05）, and the decrease of lymphocytes （P < 0.05）. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that the higher the NSS, the shorter the survival time （χ2 =75.168, P < 0.001）. ROC analysis showed that the AUC of NSS in predicting the death of GC patients was 0.902 （95%CI = 0.852～0.952）, the sensitivity was 90.2%, and the specificity was 80.0%. Conclusions This study confirms that NLR and SF are independent prognostic factors of GC patients, and the NSS constructed by combining them is of great value in predicting the overall postoperative survival.
2025,
46(9):
137-144.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250916
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the value of gut metabolites in predicting the development of severe acute pancreatitis （SAP）, myocardial injury, and adverse outcomes in patients with acute pancreatitis （AP）. Methods A total of 80 SAP patients admitted to Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine from April 2023 to April 2024 were selected as the severe group, and 80 non-severe AP patients were selected as the non-severe group. The levels of serum amylase, lipase, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and total short-chain fatty acids （SCFAs） in feces, serum bile acid （BA）, trimethylamine n-oxide （TMAO）, myocardial injury-related indicators [creatine kinase isoenzymes （CK-MB）, cardiac troponin T （cTnT）, N-terminal pro-b-type natriuretic peptide （NT-proBNP）], C-reactive protein （CRP）, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II （APACHE II） and bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis （BISAP） were compared between the two groups at admission. Patients in the severe group were followed up for 30 days and divided into a survival subgroup （n = 61） and a non-survival subgroup （n = 19） based on their prognosis. The levels of total SCFAs, BA, and TMAO were compared between these two subgroups. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation of serum amylase, lipase, total SCFAs, BA, and TMAO levels with myocardial injury-related indicators and disease severity scores in all patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors for the occurrence of SAP. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of total SCFAs, BA, TMAO, and their combination for the occurrence of SAP. Results Compared with the non-severe group, the severe group had significantly lower levels of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and total SCFAs （P < 0.01）, and significantly higher levels of BA, TMAO, CK-MB, cTnT, NT-proBNP, CRP, and APACHE II and BISAP scores. Within the severe group, the non-survival subgroup had significantly lower levels of total SCFAs （P < 0.05） and significantly higher levels of BA and TMAO （P < 0.05） compared to the survival subgroup. Spearman analysis showed that the levels of CK-MB, cTnT, NT-proBNP, CRP, and the APACHE II and BISAP scores were negatively correlated with total SCFAs levels and positively correlated with BA and TMAO levels （P < 0.001）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that total SCFAs, BA, and TMAO were independent influencing factors for the occurrence of SAP （P < 0.05）. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve （AUC） for total SCFAs, BA, TMAO, and their combination in predicting the occurrence of SAP were 0.951, 0.797, 0.790, and 0.974, respectively （P < 0.001）. The AUC for the combination of the three markers was larger than that of any single marker, indicating good predictive efficacy. Conclusion The levels of gut metabolites SCFAs, BA, and TMAO in SAP patients are independent factors associated with myocardial injury and prognosis.
2025,
46(9):
145-151.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250917
Abstract:
Objective To study the predictive value of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase （AMPKα） and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 （HNF4） expression for local recurrence and distant metastasis after laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Methods Two hundred and ninety-four patients who underwent laparoscopic radical gastric cancer surgery admitted to Suining Central Hospital from January 2020 to August 2022 were selected. These patients were categorized into a recurrence and metastasis group （n = 59） and a non-recurrence and non-metastasis group （n = 235） based on postoperative local recurrence and distant metastasis. Gastric cancer tissue specimens obtained from surgical resection were used to detect and compare the cancer tissues of AMPKα mRNA and HNF4 mRNA between the two groups, and the data were statistically analyzed. Results The AMPKα mRNA and HNF4 mRNA in the recurrence and metastasis group were lower than those in the non recurrence and metastasis group （P < 0.05）; the point-biserial correlation showed that AMPKα mRNA （r = -0.816） and HNF4 mRNA （r = -0.803） were negatively correlated with postoperative local recurrence and distant metastasis （P < 0.001）, and the net correlation analysis showed that this relationship still existed after excluding confounding factors （P < 0.001）. Logistic regression analysis showed that AMPKα mRNA and HNF4 mRNA were postoperative local recurrence and distant metastasis related influencing factors （P < 0.001）; the interaction analysis showed that AMPKα mRNA and HNF4 mRNA were in a super multiplication model, and the decrease of HNF4 mRNA had a positive interaction effect on the decrease of AMPKα mRNA （P < 0.05）; the AUC of AMPKα mRNA+HNF4 mRNA was higher than that of AMPKα mRNA or HNF4 mRNA （Z = 4.261, 4.275, P < 0.05）. Conclusion Combined detection of AMPKα and HNF4 expression can predict the risk of local recurrence and distant metastasis after laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.
2025,
46(9):
152-158.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250918
Abstract:
Uric acid is the final product of purine metabolism and an important endogenous antioxidant. Uric acid plays different roles in different malignant tumors through its antioxidant and pro-oxidative effects, and is closely related to the occurrence, development and prognosis of various malignant tumors. There are few reports on the correlation between serum uric acid and head and neck tumors, such as oral cancer, larynx cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, thyroid cancer, etc. In this paper, the correlation between serum uric acid and the occurrence, development and prognosis of head and neck tumors is reviewed to reveal the value of uric acid in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of head and neck tumors.
Uric acid is the final product of purine metabolism and an important endogenous antioxidant. Uric acid plays different roles in different malignant tumors through its antioxidant and pro-oxidative effects, and is closely related to the occurrence, development and prognosis of various malignant tumors. There are few reports on the correlation between serum uric acid and head and neck tumors, such as oral cancer, larynx cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, thyroid cancer, etc. In this paper, the correlation between serum uric acid and the occurrence, development and prognosis of head and neck tumors is reviewed to reveal the value of uric acid in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of head and neck tumors.
2025,
46(9):
159-165.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250919
Abstract:
Bone repair and regeneration is still a common and difficult problem in clinical treatment, and bone tissue engineering has been developed as a possible alternative to bone repair and regeneration in recent years. However, bone is a highly vascularized tissue, and its development, maturation, remodeling and regeneration are closely related to angiogenesis in the process of repair and regeneration. Previous studies tended to focus on the direct influence of material structure characteristics on osteogenesis, and insufficient attention was paid to the influence of physical cues formed by material structure on angiogenesis in bone regeneration. However, the influence of material structure on angiogenesis in bone regeneration is also an important link, which is related to the final effect of bone repair. Therefore, this paper expounds the influence of material structure on angiogenesis in bone regeneration, briefly introduces the process and role of angiogenesis in bone regeneration, and focuses on discussing the influence of the four main structural factors of material base stiffness, surface morphology, pore structure, and spatial structure in current bone tissue engineering on angiogenesis in bone regeneration. In the hope of providing reference for the design and construction of bone repair materials in the future.
Bone repair and regeneration is still a common and difficult problem in clinical treatment, and bone tissue engineering has been developed as a possible alternative to bone repair and regeneration in recent years. However, bone is a highly vascularized tissue, and its development, maturation, remodeling and regeneration are closely related to angiogenesis in the process of repair and regeneration. Previous studies tended to focus on the direct influence of material structure characteristics on osteogenesis, and insufficient attention was paid to the influence of physical cues formed by material structure on angiogenesis in bone regeneration. However, the influence of material structure on angiogenesis in bone regeneration is also an important link, which is related to the final effect of bone repair. Therefore, this paper expounds the influence of material structure on angiogenesis in bone regeneration, briefly introduces the process and role of angiogenesis in bone regeneration, and focuses on discussing the influence of the four main structural factors of material base stiffness, surface morphology, pore structure, and spatial structure in current bone tissue engineering on angiogenesis in bone regeneration. In the hope of providing reference for the design and construction of bone repair materials in the future.
2025,
46(9):
166-172.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250920
Abstract:
Objective To explore the advantages of combining small private online courses （SPOC） with artificial intelligence （AI） in radiology nursing teaching, in order to compensate for the shortcomings of traditional teaching models. Methods Eighty nursing students interning in the radiology department were randomly selected as research subjects and divided into an experimental group （SPOC + flipped classroom + AI-assisted teaching mode） and a control group （traditional teaching mode）, with 40 students in each group. The effectiveness of the SPOC + flipped classroom + AI-assisted teaching mode was evaluated by comparing theoretical tests, nursing skills tests, self-learning ability assessments, and satisfaction with teaching modes between the two groups. Results The average scores of chapter tests, month-end assessments and graduation examinations in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group （P < 0.001）; The average scores of indwelling needle embedding, contrast agent injection, and contrast agent allergy treatment tests in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group （P < 0.001）; The online learning time, homework completion rate, and online test scores of the experimental group were higher than those in the control group （P < 0.001）; The overall satisfaction with the teaching mode was higher in the experimental group than in the control group, with statistically significant differences （P < 0.001）. Conclusion The SPOC+ flipped classroom+ AI-assisted teaching model possesses important advantages in the instruction of nursing the department of radiology, and provides strong support for the innovation and development of nursing education in the field.
2025,
46(9):
173-180.
doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20250921
Abstract:
Objective To develop a perioperative nursing protocol based on the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery （ERAS） philosophy for patients undergoing percutaneous pulmonary thrombectomy for acute pulmonary embolism （PE）, and to evaluate its clinical effectiveness. Methods A convenience sampling method was employed. Thirty patients admitted to the Third Department of General Surgery at Yan'an Hospital of Kunming from May 2023 to February 2024 were enrolled as the control group and received routine perioperative care. Another 30 patients admitted from March 2024 to December 2024 were enrolled as the experimental group and were managed according to the newly developed ERAS-based nursing protocol. The differences in length of hospital stay, quality of life （QoL）, complication rates, and 30-day unplanned readmission rates between the two groups were compared. Results A significant difference was observed in the total score of the Pulmonary Embolism Quality of Life （PEmbQoL） questionnaire between the experimental and control groups （t = -15.83, P < 0.01）. The score for the experimental group was 60.34 points lower than that of the control group, substantially exceeding the minimal clinically important difference （MCID） of 15 points. Analysis of specific dimensions showed that the experimental group had significant improvements （P < 0.01） in all six areas: symptom frequency （t = -8.188）, activity limitation （t = -8.722）, anxiety （t = -10.31）, social functioning （t = -9.118）, treatment satisfaction （t = -8.202）, and overall impact （t = -9.1）.The length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in the experimental group （7.57 ± 0.96 days） than in the control group （10.17 ± 2.44 days） （t = -5.456, P < 0.01）. No postoperative complications occurred in the experimental group （0/30）, whereas the incidence rate in the control group was 16.7% （5/30）, a statistically significant difference （χ2 = 5.455, P < 0.05）. Furthermore, there were no 30-day readmissions in the experimental group （0/30）, compared to a rate of 13.3% （4/30） in the control group; this difference was also statistically significant （χ2 = 4.286, P < 0.05）. Conclusion This study provides preliminary validation for the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary nursing protocol based on the ERAS philosophy for patients undergoing percutaneous pulmonary thrombectomy.
