Assessment Value of Neonatal Critical Illness Score，Umbilical Cord Blood MIF，and IL-1β in Evaluating Clinical Efficacy of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Yuru DUAN; Yiming WANG; Lei ZHU

doi:10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20260000

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Yuru DUAN, Yiming WANG, Lei ZHU. Assessment Value of Neonatal Critical Illness Score，Umbilical Cord Blood MIF，and IL-1β in Evaluating Clinical Efficacy of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome[J]. Journal of Kunming Medical University. doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20260000

Citation:

Yuru DUAN, Yiming WANG, Lei ZHU. Assessment Value of Neonatal Critical Illness Score，Umbilical Cord Blood MIF，and IL-1β in Evaluating Clinical Efficacy of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome[J]. Journal of Kunming Medical University. doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20260000

Citation:

Yuru DUAN, Yiming WANG, Lei ZHU. Assessment Value of Neonatal Critical Illness Score，Umbilical Cord Blood MIF，and IL-1β in Evaluating Clinical Efficacy of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome[J]. Journal of Kunming Medical University. doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20260000

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Assessment Value of Neonatal Critical Illness Score，Umbilical Cord Blood MIF，and IL-1β in Evaluating Clinical Efficacy of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome

doi: 10.12259/j.issn.2095-610X.S20260000

Department of Neonatology，Harrison International Peace Hospital，Hengshui Hebei 053200，China

Received Date: 2025-09-02
Available Online: 2026-03-30

Abstract

Abstract

Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy evaluation value of neonatal critical illness score （NCIS）, umbilical cord blood macrophage migration inhibitory factor （MIF）, and interleukin-1β （IL-1β） in neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome （ARDS）. Methods Using the cluster sampling method, 120 children with ARDS who were hospitalized in the Neonatal Department of Harrison International Peace Hospital from January 2023 to December 2024 were continuously collected as the observation group. Additionally, 120 healthy newborns born at Harrison International Peace Hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. Disease severity was assessed using NCIS score. 5 mL of umbilical cord blood was collected immediately after birth from all the subjects to detect MIF and IL-1β levels. NCIS scores and umbilical cord blood MIF and IL-1β levels were compared between the two groups. ARDS patients were further stratified into mild and severe groups based on chest X-ray findings, and NCIS scores and umbilical cord blood MIF and IL-1β levels were compared between these subgroups. All 120 ARDS patients received treatment with nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation （NIPPV） combined with pulmonary surfactant （PS）. NCIS scores and umbilical cord blood MIF and IL-1β levels were compared between effective and ineffective treatment groups. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curves were plotted and area under curve （AUC） was calculated to analyze the predictive value of NCIS score, umbilical cord blood MIF, and IL-1β for clinical efficacy. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for treatment failure. Results NCIS scores in the observation group were lower than in the control group（P < 0.05）, while umbilical cord blood MIF and IL-1β levels were significantly higher in the observation group compared to the control group （P < 0.05）. NCIS scores in the severe group were lower than in the mild group （P < 0.05）, while MIF and IL-1β levels were higher in the severe group（P < 0.05）. NCIS scores in the ineffective group were lower than in the effective group （P < 0.05）, while umbilical cord blood MIF and IL-1β levels were higher in the ineffective group （P < 0.05）. The AUC of combined detection of NCIS score, umbilical cord blood MIF, and IL-1β for predicting clinical efficacy was 0.798 （95% CI: 0.702-0.947）, with sensitivity of 93.13% and specificity of 91.08%, both significantly higher than single-factor detection （71.85%, 69.07%, 76.24%, 75.09%, 74.82%, 73.31%）（P < 0.05）. Gestational age, birth weight, prenatal glucocorticoid use, and pretreatment PCaO₂, PaO₂ and FiO₂ were identified as risk factors for treatment failure （P < 0.05）. Conclusion In neonates with ARDS, higher umbilical cord blood MIF and IL-1β levels indicate more severe illness and higher risk of treatment failure. Combined detection of NCIS score, umbilical cord blood MIF, and IL-1β can improve the predictive efficacy for clinical outcomes. Gestational age, birth weight, prenatal corticosteroid use, and pretreatment PaCO2, PaO2, and FiO2 are all risk factors affecting clinical efficacy and warrant clinical attention and vigilance.

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